Decolonization of IndiaWHII.14a

Main Ideas British policies and India’s demand for self-rule led to the rise of the Indian independence

movement The Indian independence movement resulted in the creation of new states in the Indian

sub-continent. The Republic of India is the world’s largest democratic nation.

Textbook Referencep. 453-457, 563-569

The Indian Sub-Continent

DirectionsLabel each of the following on the map, then shade each country a different color.

India Pakistan (West Pakistan) Bangladesh (East Pakistan)Sri Lanka (Ceylon) Nepal BhutanHimalaya mountains Indian Ocean Rivers: Ganges & Indus

Key PeopleDirections

Identify these key figures in the struggle for South Asian independence.

Possible names: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Clement Atlee, Mohandas Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Winston Churchill

Name: ________________________Country: ______________________Religion: ______________________

Role in the independence movement:______________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________

Name #1: ________________________Name #2: ________________________Country: _________________________

Role in the independence movement:______________________________________ ______________________________________ _____________________________________

Name: ________________________Country: ______________________Religion: ______________________

Role in the independence movement:_____________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________

Name: ________________________Country: ______________________Religion: ______________________

Role in the independence movement:_____________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________

Indian Independence Movement1700s-1800s

From the 1600s through the 1800s, Britain took control of the Indian subcontinent, placing it

under the control of the British ______ __________ Company.

The British strengthened India’s transportation system by building ________________, but

also brutally crushed any “mutinies” or _____________s.

1700s-1800sThe British made a fortune trading Indian

goods such as

________________ __________________

_______________ __________________

1885

The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed in 1885. The INC demanded that the

British allow educated Indians to have a greater share of political power. When the British

refused to share power, the INC began fighting for Indian ______________________.

1910s

____________ __________ emerged as a leader of the independence movement. He

urged cooperation between India’s two largest religious groups, ________s and

____________s. He believed that Indians should practice _______ ______________

(peacefully breaking unjust laws) and ___________ _________________ (refusing

to cooperate with British rule). He was so beloved by the Indian people that they called

him “______________,” or “Great Soul.”

1947

In 1947, India was granted independence from __________ rule.

The subcontinent was partitioned into two countries, India and Pakistan. India was

created as a home for the religious majority, the __________s, led by _____________ _______. Pakistan was created as a home for the religious

minority, the ___________s, led by __________ ____ __________. India and

Pakistan fought wars over disputed territory, especially in the mountainous northern region

called _______________.

India Today

Today, India has the world’s second largest population (second only to communist

_______). With over ____ billion people and a system of free elections, that makes India the

world’s largest ________________.

Similar to the United States, India has adopted a ___________ system, giving many powers

to its individual states, while the national government retains supremacy.

Indian Social ClassesFor centuries, Indian society has been organized into a ___________ system, a hierarchy of social classes determined by birth. The top class are the ____________ and the lowest class are the ___________________, who face a great deal of discrimination.

In an effort to make Indian society more fair and democratic, India’s ____________________ of 1950 sought to prohibit discrimination based on social class.

Politics, Economics & Society

_____________ _______, a close associate of Gandhi, helped to develop India’s economy. India began moving away from agriculture

toward ___________________, with factories and urban wage labor.

Although India has struggled with debt, new economic development has helped to ease its

_______________ situation.

India’s unit of currency is called the ____________.

Ethnic and religious differences have caused problems in the development of India as a

democratic nation.

India’s largest religious groups are

______________ ______________ 80% of population 13% of population

______________ _______________ 2% of population 2% of population

Nehru’s daughter, ________ ___________, became the leader of India from 1966-1977

and from 1980-1984. She was prime minister when India tested its first ______________ weapon in 1974. Religious unrest continued during her rule. After ordering an attack on a

Sikh temple in 1984, she was ________________ by her own Sikh

bodyguards.

Political CartoonsDirections

Explain in your own words the meaning of the cartoons below.Cartoon 1

Cartoon 2

Quote from GandhiExplain in your own words what you think Gandhi meant by this quote:

“Be the change you wish to see in the world.”