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Battle at Valley Forge Image SheetRemote Sensing Test

Battle at Valley Forge School Name ______________________________Remote Sensing Test January 14, 2017

Complete all answers on the answer sheet. Only legible answers on the answer sheet will be graded.

Multiple Choice worth 1 pt each. (total 33 pts) Free response worth 5 pts each. (total 70)

Tie Breaker Questions are #9, 47, 42, 38, then 27

1. What is remote sensing?a. Ability to gather information about a distant or unseen target using paranormal means

or extra-sensory perceptionb. Small or large-scale acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon not in

physical or intimate contactc. Electrical impedance measuring technique that uses separate pairs of current-carrying

and voltage-sensing electrodes to make more accurate measurementsd. Allowing graphical applications to be run remotely on a server, while displayed locallye. Any system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that are linked

to location2. Remote sensing produces two types of data, observational and inferred. Most of NASA’s A train

products are inferred. Inferred data is also calleda. interferencesb. remotes c. unobservabled. retrievalse. A trains

3. What is the name of the scattering that makes the sky appear blue?a. Rayleigh Scatteringb. Mie Scatteringc. Nonselective Scatteringd. Raman Scatteringe. None of the above

4. Which famous French photographer first practiced aerial photography and made photographs of Paris from his balloon in the mid-18th century?

a. Charles Nègreb. Jean-Marie Périerc. François-Simon-Alphonse Girouxd. Félix Nadar

5. Electromagnetic waves are defined to behave in the same way of which of the following waves?a. Longitudinal wavesb. Transverse wavesc. Compressional wavesd. Mechanical wavee. Sound waves

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6. Which of the types of waves below has the longest wavelength?a. X-raysb. Gamma Raysc. Radio Wavesd. Near Infrared Waves

7. What is the most prevalent greenhouse gas in the earth’s atmosphere? a. Carbon Dioxide b. Water Vapor c. Methane d. Nitrous Oxide e. Ozone

8. Which of the following choices shows the correct order of decreasing wavelength from the electromagnetic spectrum?

a. Microwave, UV, Infrared, Visible, Radiob. Radio, Microwave, UV, Visible, Infraredc. Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, UVd. Infrared, Microwave, Radio, UV, Visiblee. None of the above

9. The albedo of the earth's surface is small is comparison to the combined albedo of the earth and the atmosphere. Which set of conditions below best explains why this is so?

a. high albedo of clouds, low albedo of water b. high albedo of clouds, high albedo of water c. low albedo of clouds, low albedo of water d. low albedo of clouds, high albedo of water

10. Which of the following remote sensing technologies use sound?a. RADARb. Color Infraredc. SONARd. LORANe. LIDAR

11. What color does living vegetation appear as on false color IR images?a. Greenb. Redc. Blackd. Bluee. Yellow

12. What is redirection of electromagnetic energy by suspended particles in atmosphere or gas molecules of atmosphere called?

a. Reflectionb. Scatteringc. Absorptiond. Emittance

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13. What range of colors are used is for the sensing, representation, and display of images in modern electronic systems and photography?

a. Cyan, Magenta, Yellowb. Red, Green, Bluec. Cyan, Green, Yellowd. Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Blacke. Red, Green, Yellow

14. An object with an emissivity less than 1 is called a:a. Blackbodyb. Graybodyc. Selective Radiatord. All of the above e. None of the above

15. According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, the radiative energy emitted by one square meter of an object is equal to a constant multiplied by its temperature raised to the _______ power.

a. negative third b. zeroeth c. fourth d. tenth

16. Which of the following two plants has a higher reflectance for its spectral response curve?a. Coniferb. Deciduous

17. What is the name of the following equation: NIR - Red / NIR + Red?a. Enhanced Vegetation Indexb. Normalized Difference Vegetation Indexc. Vegetation Indexd. Plant Stress Index

18. The combined albedo of the earth and the atmosphere is approximately: a. 10% b. 30% c. 50% d. 90%

19. What is passive sensing?a. Where information is recorded just from the sunlight bouncing off objects. b. Where the satellite or aircraft produces or beams a signal towards the object or land.c. Where images are produced by computer, not actively by humans. d. Where you don't have to move to produce an image

20. The earth's atmosphere is divided into layers based on the vertical profile of:a. air pressure b. air temperaturec. air density d. wind speed

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21. What are wavelength, frequency, amplitude, phase categorized as?a. relation of wavelength and energyb. properties of electromagnetic energyc. products of electromagnetic energy creation

22. According to Wein’s displacement law, the wavelength at which maximum radiation occurs a. is inversely proportional to the temperature b. is proportional to the temperature c. is inversely proportional to the pressure d. is proportional to the pressure

23. What is active sensing?a. Where information is recorded just from the sunlight bouncing off objects.b. Where the satellite or aircraft produces or beams a signal towards the object or land.c. Where images are produced by computer, not actively by humans.d. Where you don't have to move to produce an image.e. None of the other answers are correct.

24. What is redirection of electromagnetic energy by suspended particles in atmosphere or gas molecules of atmosphere called?

a. Reflectionb. Refractionc. Scattering d. Absorptione. Emittance

25. How does the satellite Topex/Poseidon map ocean features?a. ultraviolet raysb. radarc. visible lightd. X rays

For questions 26-28 using the following scenario: A sensor using LIDAR orbiting 79.5 km above the Earth sends a pulse of light toward Earth. The pulse is intended to measure the height of a mountain at its summit.

26. What does LiDAR stand for?a. Light Detection Aerial Radarb. Light Determinate Aerial Reachc. Light Integrated Detection Ariel Radard. Light Detection Aerial Ranginge. Light Detection And Ranging

27. If the pulse takes 4.9 x 10-4 seconds to reach the mountain and get back (to the sensor), how high is the mountain? c = 3.0 x108 m/s

a. 0.8 kmb. 2.0 kmc. 3.0 kmd. 5.0 kme. 6.0 km

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28. Which mountain in the US could this be from the choices below?a. Mount Rainierb. Denalic. Mount Everest

29. What does GPS stand for?a. Geographic Positioning Systemb. Global Potential Satellitec. Global Positioning Systemd. Geodial Position Satellite

30. How does a Landsat satellite differentiate between objects on Earth's surface?a. Landsat satellites take pictures using visible light.b. Landsat uses a single detector to measure the intensities of energyc. Landsat measures the longest frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from Earth.d. Features on Earth radiate warmth at different frequencies, which show up as different

colors on Landsat images31. What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

a. frequencies measured by satellitesb. energy emitted from Earthc. visible lightd. the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation

32. The process of collecting data far above Earth's surface is called __________.a. electromagnetic sensingb. topographic studiesc. mapmakingd. remote sensing

33. How many satellites are in the GPS?a. 50b. 24c. 4d. 6

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Free Response Section

34. What are the three types of scattering that occur in the Earth atmosphere and their wavelength and directional dependencies?

35. In the figure below, correctly identify the three curves.

36. Describe the three key components of a radiative transfer (RT) model for vegetation in the shortwave domain (400-2500 nm).

37. A person at the South Pole gets out of a sauna (hot tub) with a body temperature of 311K . The person encounters the outside air, at a temperature well below the freezing point of water. How much energy per second does the person lose by radiation cooling if their surface area is 1m2?

38. Identify what the following colors represent in the image label Figure 1 on image sheet

a. Shades of red and orange_________________________

b. Greenish yellow and blue_________________________

c. Pink and white_________________________________

d. Dark blue black_________________________________

e. Greenish blue__________________________________

39. Identify the circled area in figure 2 on image sheet and explain your rationale for this identification.

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40. Use the graph labeled figure 3 on the image sheet to answering the following: Interpret the following graph and explain its relevance to global warming.

41. Derive an equation relating the orbital period T, of a satellite in a stable orbit to its altitude above the Earth’s surface, h. Use this equation to determine the altitude of a geostationary satellite. MEarth=5.98 x 1024kg G = 6.67 x 10-11Nm2kg2 REarth=6.38 x 106

42. Sketch a graph of wavelength versus frequency.

43. Fill in the blank : “Scientists know that the melting of Greenland is accelerating. As the temperature rises, large lakes form on the surface of the ice, which in turn create a network of rivers “The rivers melt down faster than the surrounding ice, like a knife through butter,” Dr. Smith said. The rivers then flow down into giant holes in the ice, called _______________ which drain through tunnels in the ice sheet and out into the ocean.”

44. What does NEON stand for?

45. Airborne LiDAR detection normally uses which types of light to detect vegetation?

46. Identify 2 common CO2 sources and 2 common “sinks”.

47. Explain the relationship between TCCON and OCO-2.

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Figure 1

Figure 2 CALIPSO LiDAR

Figure 3

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Figure 4

Figure 5

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