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UNIT 5 REVIEWAGRICULTURE
Agriculture = deliberate modification of Earth’s surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain
Origins of Agriculture
Vegetative Planting Seed AgricultureDefinitio
n
Origin
Carl Sauer, a cultural geographer, believed that the earliest form of plant cultivation was vegetative planting.
Subsistence Farming Commercial Farming
Definition
Purpose of Farming
Percentage of Farmers in Labor Force
Use of Machinery
Farm Size
Relationship to other businesses
Events in the History of Agriculture
Event Description/ImpactFirst Agricultural Revolution Neolithic Revolution
Second Agricultural Revolution
Columbian Exchange
Third Agricultural RevolutionGreen Revolution
Fourth Agricultural Revolution
Agriculture Types in LDCs
Type Characteristics Climate Other Info
Shifting Cultivation
Region/Countries
Type Characteristics Climate Other Info
Pastoral Nomadism
Region/Countries
Type Characteristics Region/Countries Other Info
Intensive Subsistence
Type Characteristics Climate Other Info
Plantation Region/Countries
Agricultural Types in MDCs
Type Description Location Other Info Mixed Crop &
Livestock
Dairy Farming
Grain Farming
Livestock Farming
Mediterranean Agriculture
Commercial Gardening & Fruit Farming
VON THUNEN MODEL
Describe the Von Thunen Model.
What happens at each ring?
First Ring –
Second Ring-
Third Ring-
Outside Ring –
Assumption of the model:
Isolation
Site Factors/Ubiquitous land characteristics
Transportation
Did not consider:
Will there be a food crisis?
Ester Boserup’s Theory:
Climate Change: describe the relationship between agriculture and climate change
How climate affects agriculture How agriculture affects climate
MODERN AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE:
BENEFITS: DRAWBACKS:
Agribusiness:
Sustainable agriculture:
Organic farming:
Challenges for Farmers
Challenges for Subsistence Farmers:
Challenges for Commercial Farmers:
Challenges for Farmers in LDCs and MDCs:
Both subsistence and commercial farmers face a complex challenge: to produce more food for a growing world while preserving Earth’s agricultural resources for the future.
Losing Agricultural Land =
Desertification =
FAMINE & MALNUTRITION
According to the UN Hunger Report, hunger is the term used to define periods when populations are experiencing severe food insecurity—meaning that they go for entire days without eating due to lack of money, lack of access to food, or other resources.
Malnutrition:
Food desert:
Food oasis:
Strategies to increase food supply:
Women in Agriculture
Discuss the relationship between women and agriculture, especially in LDCs. How does empowering women impactfood security?