Weathering and Erosion Weathering and Erosion Review Review

Which of the following is not an example of Which of the following is not an example of mechanical weathering?mechanical weathering?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Actions of animalsb. Waterc. Abrasiond. Freezing and

Thawing.

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What are the 2 types of What are the 2 types of weathering?weathering?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Mechanical and chemical

b. Mechanical and kinetic

c. Chemical and erosion

d. Erosion and deposition.

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The movement of rock particles by The movement of rock particles by ice, wind, water, or gravity is: ice, wind, water, or gravity is:

a. b. c. d.

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a. Weatheringb. Depositionc. Abrasiond. Erosion

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True or False: True or False: After chemical weathering, the After chemical weathering, the

chemical make-up of the sediments chemical make-up of the sediments is the same as the original rock.is the same as the original rock.

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1. True

2. False

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Which layer of soil has the greatest Which layer of soil has the greatest amount of humus? amount of humus?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Horizon B; subsoil

b. Horizon C; weathered rock

c. Horizon A; topsoild. Bedrock

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What type of soil conservation What type of soil conservation plants crops along the curve of a plants crops along the curve of a

slope?slope?

1 2 3 4

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1. Contour farming

2. Conservation plowing

3. Terracing

4. Windbreaks

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What type of mass movement What type of mass movement causes a large chunk of Earth to causes a large chunk of Earth to slip downhill in one large mass?slip downhill in one large mass?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Landslide

b. Mudslide

c. Creep

d. Slump0

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What are the 2 processes by which What are the 2 processes by which glaciers erode the land?glaciers erode the land?

a. Deflation and abrasion

b. Plucking and Deflation

c. Plucking and Abrasion

d. Deflation and Deposition.

True or FalseTrue or FalseThe stronger the wind, the larger The stronger the wind, the larger

the sediments that can be moved.the sediments that can be moved.

1. True

2. False

Which of the following does not Which of the following does not influence the speed of running influence the speed of running

water?water?

1. The shape of the stream channel

2. The age of the river.

3. The slope of the river.

4. The amount of water in a river.

What do we call the sediment that What do we call the sediment that is carried in a river?is carried in a river?

a. Load

b. Till

c. Sediment

d. Dust

Freezing and thawing can weather Freezing and thawing can weather rocks through a process called:rocks through a process called:

a. Deposition

b. Ice wedging

c. Deflation

d. Plucking

A rock containing iron becomes soft A rock containing iron becomes soft and crumbly as it begins to rust. It and crumbly as it begins to rust. It

has probably been chemically has probably been chemically weathered by:weathered by:

a. Plants

b. Carbon dioxide

c. Oxygen

d. Acid Rain

What do we call the solid layer of What do we call the solid layer of rock beneath all soil horizons?rock beneath all soil horizons?

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b. Gravel

c. Subsoil

d. Granite

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The decayed organic material The decayed organic material found in topsoil is referred to as:found in topsoil is referred to as:

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a. b. c. d.

a. Silt

b. Litter

c. Humus

d. Clay

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Why is soil considered to be a Why is soil considered to be a valuable resource?valuable resource?

a. b. c. d.

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a. It is important to all living things on land.

b. It contains sand and gravel.

c. It protects Earth’s crust.

d. All of the above.

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What event occurred in the 1930s What event occurred in the 1930s and was responsible for the and was responsible for the creation of soil conservation creation of soil conservation

techniques?techniques?

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1. The great depression

2. WW II

3. The advent of the motorized plow

4. The Dust Bowl

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What is the order of Earth’s What is the order of Earth’s destructive forces?destructive forces?

1 2 3 4

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1. Deposition, erosion, weathering.

2. Erosion, weathering, deposition.

3. Weathering, erosion, deposition.

4. Weathering, deposition, erosion.

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Which soil particle is the largest?Which soil particle is the largest?

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a. b. c. d.

a. Gravelb. Sandc. Clayd. Silt

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True or False:True or False:Weathering is the process by which Weathering is the process by which

sediment is laid down in a new sediment is laid down in a new location.location.

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1. True

2. False

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Landslides, Mudflows, Creep, and Landslides, Mudflows, Creep, and Slump are all examples of what Slump are all examples of what

force?force?

1 2 3 4

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1. runoff

2. soil formation

3. deflation

4. mass movement

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Glaciers can only form when:Glaciers can only form when:

a. b. c. d.

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a. More snow falls than melts

b. There is an ice age

c. The amount of snow exceeds the amount of rain.

d. None of the above.

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What do we call the water that What do we call the water that moves over Earth’s surface?moves over Earth’s surface?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Runoff

b. Watershed

c. Groundwater

d. Ice

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A _________is a ridge of till left A _________is a ridge of till left behind by a glacier.behind by a glacier.

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a. b. c. d.

a. Kettle

b. Fiord

c. Moraine

d. Drumlin

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True or False:True or False:The process by which wind The process by which wind

removes surface materials is called removes surface materials is called deflationdeflation

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1. True

2. False

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Which of the following Which of the following characteristics influence the characteristics influence the

percolation rate of a sediment?percolation rate of a sediment?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Type of rock

b. Sediment size

c. Climate

d. The color of the sediment.

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What characteristic of a material What characteristic of a material describes the ability of water to describes the ability of water to

flow through that material?flow through that material?

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a. b. c. d.

a. Percolation rate

b. Porosity

c. Permeability

d. Deposition. 30

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Which soil conservation technique Which soil conservation technique helps to conserve soil by planting helps to conserve soil by planting

bushes or trees along the edges of bushes or trees along the edges of a field to prevent wind erosion?a field to prevent wind erosion?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Terracing

b. Windbreaks

c. Gully reclamation

d. Contour farming

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What are the 2 factors that What are the 2 factors that determine the rate of weathering?determine the rate of weathering?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Climate and ageb. Type of rock and

agec. Type of rock and

locationd. Type of rock and

climate.

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What is the major agent of erosion?What is the major agent of erosion?

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a. b. c. d.

a. Wind

b. Water

c. Ice

d. Gravity30

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What force is responsible for What force is responsible for creating mass movement?creating mass movement?

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0% 1. Ice

2. Wind

3. Gravity

4. water

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When wind blows sand up around When wind blows sand up around an obstacle, it can create a:an obstacle, it can create a:

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a. b. c. d.

a. Sand duneb. Loess depositc. Morained. mudslide 30

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True or False:True or False:

The mixture of sediments deposited The mixture of sediments deposited by a glacier is called loess.by a glacier is called loess.

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1. True

2. False

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What do we call the periods in What do we call the periods in history in which Earth was covered history in which Earth was covered

in glaciers? in glaciers?

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a. b. c. d.

a. Epochs

b. Bronze Age

c. Ice Age

d. Jurassic period

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What are the 2 types of glaciers?What are the 2 types of glaciers?

a. b. c. d.

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a. Valley and Arctic

b. Valley and Mountain

c. Continental and Arctic

d. Continental and Valley

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