Weathering and Erosion

Weathering and Erosion

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=weathering+and+erosion&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jywkvf0X2VaO0M&tbnid=SsAf5iy4lOLsfM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/photos/weathering-erosion-gallery/&ei=GtKkUYz4FuTq0wGFgoG4Cw&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHyh3BeBkOpSC32WqAsq6WQ5FCnrA&ust=1369842582348440

Rock Cycle Revisited

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=rock+cycle&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=mLUYm9iwuRDgjM&tbnid=LXwjRGNbJqNKwM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html&ei=fdKkUZ-TIafO0QH72IDICg&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHt56OQ9-IvoNBTknyPqp1wAp9zTQ&ust=1369842637330901

What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth?

Mt. Everest is increasing in height by approximately 2 inches each year.

Build it up!

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Mt.+Everest&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=gpUD7z1FtPYJyM&tbnid=Ixm-ewSb-UhhsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.mount-everest.net/summit.html&ei=qtKkUai_GIe-0QHQw4DYDQ&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNEptarwe8YxT7NybtqAaAxkAtYpxA&ust=1369842723040376

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=volcanoe&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=d3CyjFnIqLs1jM&tbnid=O_SJnJjxY5FICM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.volcanoinfo.co.uk/activevolcanoes.html&ei=dtOkUZuDMKLM0AHl0QE&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNG6zM1Mzf6n7VVgtuCcvWQN-c1dVA&ust=1369842918413951

Mechanical Weathering

The breaking down of rock by mechanical means. The smaller pieces retain the characteristics of the larger piece.

• Ice Wedging• Organic Activity• Abrasion

Organic Activity

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ice+wedging&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=LYb5Jrb1NOBXtM&tbnid=r3uGG5VpF6iqoM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mail.colonial.net/~hkaiter/wxerosglacier.html&ei=ZNWkUf3gKcSN0QGcq4GoDQ&psig=AFQjCNGx-_xCNOQluLQJVvYQ2umeLDtVjQ&ust=1369843413115865

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ice+wedging&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=sHzOIiFklGnKUM&tbnid=TnC10vZonyyT5M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.glogster.com/xfatal/weathering-and-erosion-project/g-6negqkqm1vifl1qqpa6399k&ei=e9WkUaOfH-zM0gGf0YGYDg&psig=AFQjCNGx-_xCNOQluLQJVvYQ2umeLDtVjQ&ust=1369843413115865

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=weathering+through+organic+activity&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=DULR8CFyUCms6M&tbnid=Ow8QtxbpHgkiWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.glogster.com/keyston/weathering-pictures/g-6ls74o5l5jcrvb8jgv2sia0&ei=n9akUYu3BPC70AGeo4HgDA&psig=AFQjCNEbtElHsgJ_jointvK2ovwtKY9DCw&ust=1369843714954995

Abrasion

http://www.visitnorway.com/en/Product/?pid=30582

Chemical Weathering

Chemical reactions alter the internal structure of rock breaking it down.

• Hydrolysis• Carbonation• Oxidation• Acid precipitation

Hydrolysis: Chemical reaction between minerals and water

Carbonation: Carbon dioxide and water combine to form a weak acid (carbonic acid)

Oxidation: When elements (especially metals) combine with oxygen

Acid Precipitation: Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen dissolved in water form acids (usually produced in industrial areas)

What factors affect the rate of weathering?

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Chrust&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=kzIUGOS_MyZRsM&tbnid=EAhyK9tj7IBUwM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.stredoslovenskemuzeum.sk/vystkarc2008.htm&ei=2NqkUc-UCePb0QG2g4GIBg&psig=AFQjCNHcfSo17GJu264In6ddRyQklTDpYg&ust=1369844803209641

Factors that Effect Rates of Weathering?

• Rock Composition

Sandstone: Moh’s hardness of 5

Quartz: Moh’s hardness of 7

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Chemical+weathering&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dApNvLXgMy6-eM&tbnid=5zgj0tFK4NX0dM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.marlimillerphoto.com/chemical.html&ei=mtqkUfuUDuKT0QGYh4GQDQ&psig=AFQjCNGS-uhZSU4DD-bEFThNNGk1R5uVtw&ust=1369844738438990

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=quartz&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dWQrsf5NYCXBvM&tbnid=PH-RQqg8rByoHM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quartz_Br%C3%A9sil.jpg&ei=8PykUYq6COiv0AGWgIHgDQ&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGCLsCIOhLWukit52bicY58nUVIWg&ust=1369853468496949

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=sandstone&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=JSTYW7eYQo4JaM&tbnid=cu01ICi0a40F9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://cycleback.wordpress.com/2013/04/17/identifying-standard-stone-in-sculptures-and-construction/&ei=Hf2kUeOdHPKB0QGvm4CQDQ&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNFDhtUoTC3sv1ANmHk9RnvKgKPZNQ&ust=1369853586888560

More Factors

• Amount of Exposure • Climate – what climate conditions or combination of conditions increase weathering?

• Warm moist climates• Variable temperatures

for freezing and thawing

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=surface+area+of+rock+weathering&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=5Fx_ngufsfcgqM&tbnid=wkuHBGCeqb-NbM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/chapter-16-weathering-erosion/deck/1492813&ei=hvukUcHcG-fX0QHZ2oCoDA&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGYucdjZfaxRga7KbOwQMrPX7FhQw&ust=1369851414856121

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=pyramids&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=YsN-3XlkTfopgM&tbnid=YeJiC1-qMPRttM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://architecture.about.com/od/greatbuildings/ig/New-Wonders/Pyramids_of_Giza-lge2.htm&ei=1wClUcHwE4P40gGBrYHABw&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNH9UnyyWfOg9Z6KG4xZUYLnRuz8PQ&ust=1369854538819742

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=mt+washington+winter&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Et0zFJKlGFqqNM&tbnid=hxGgKNeWDT38kM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://outdoorsbycracky.blogspot.com/2013/02/mt-moosilauke-breaking-moose.html&ei=bQGlUbq7A6bp0QH2vYHACw&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHUNP32AJTMmz4MIR23CEtg8pOZ-Q&ust=1369854664117092

Bill Nye - Erosion

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyDkDSqQJLM&safe=active

SoilThe top 6 elements in the human body are

• Nitrogen• Carbon• Hydrogen• Oxygen• Phosphorous• Sulfur

Where do we get them from?

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=human+family&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=FVgeOrrxUuTidM&tbnid=ERhcT2_bidaqWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://home.honolulu.hawaii.edu/~pine/Phil100/evolpics2.htm&ei=PgSlUfjqLKXL0gGqsIC4DA&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHM_IKCHiOCF7azMmXQWaq7G4QVVg&ust=1369855406397772

Soil is a combination of…

• Mineral matter• Organic matter• Water • Air

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=soil+pie+chart&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=9o4cQotIsi3SqM&tbnid=h-I927qAMekwUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/mauisoil/a_comp.aspx&ei=UgWlUfzBOPG60AHmxYHACw&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGGkOqLzKxA49haejCW_Ir2GN_ASQ&ust=1369855624504167

Humus = Organic Matter

Decayed plant & animal matter provides nutrients and helps with water retention

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=humus&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=IAyyjBDXVKLX9M&tbnid=N59amlUwoVuYbM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://ezeedictionary.com/forum/showthread.php/5915-Image-Mnemonic-For-The-Word-HUMUS&ei=UAalUZidF8TR0wH09oCYBw&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHoXAFEQ5fipJ-ifQo31wQB3AlaXA&ust=1369855885894696

Not to be confused with Hummus

What influences the rate of soil production?

• Time• Climate• Plants & Animals• Slope

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=soil+slope&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=t_4GE-ilksnKgM&tbnid=d_KA95unx8mqaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://spot.pcc.edu/~kleonard/G202/Lecture4.html&ei=oGqnUb2rMKj00gHJnoDgDg&bvm=bv.47244034,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNF6Fpdrr_dguk2QnSEqWGVuBPrFWQ&ust=1370012692214032

Soil,It’s Impoprtant!

soil

O = Organic LayerA = TopsoilB = SubsoilC = Parent Material

Below that = bedrock

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LSRmFSKBypI&safe=active

Soil texture is important for…

• Agriculture• Engineering

Soil Texture TriangleThe rock material in soil is made up of• Clay (<0.002mm)

• Silt (0.002 – 0.6 mm)

• Sand (0.6 mm – 2 mm)

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=soil+texture+diagram&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tiWCOaXZVVPFlM&tbnid=X1uDWQRuGz7CUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SoilTexture_USDA.png&ei=kgSlUebNBtKu0AHt0oCAAg&bvm=bv.47008514,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNEMRVpjZAnF94fOivPy0P62QmMPDQ&ust=1369855490756223

Documents

Weathering and Erosion