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We will explore:
Human Structure and OrganizationThe Importance of the Systems Within
the Body
Anatomy study of the structure & shape of the body and it’s parts & their relationship to one another PhysiologyStudy of how the body works (function) Anatomy & Physiology Structure & Function
Atoms and Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism
Chemical Level—simplest; atoms combine to form molecules of sugar, water & proteins
Cellular Level—arranged by combinations of molecules
Cells—smallest unit of all living things Tissue Level—groups of similar cells
performing similar functions Organ Level—2 or more tissue types
that perform a specific function Organ System—groups of organs that
cooperate to accomplish common purpose
Organism—all systems working together
Integumentary System Skeletal SystemMuscular System Nervous SystemEndocrine System Circulatory
SystemRespiratory System Digestive SystemUrinary System
Reproductive SystemImmune System
external covering, waterproofs the body, cushions & protects deeper tissue, regulates body temperature, receptors alert us to what happens on the surface of the skin
Bones / Cartilage / Ligaments / Joints
Framework Protective function ( Skull / Ribs ) Storehouse for minerals ( Calcium ) Hematopoesis---formation of blood
cells
Three types of muscle tissue:Smooth, Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Cells contract to move somethingSmooth –works to move blood or food alongCardiac—found in the heart to move bloodSkeletal—contracts to move the body around
HumanMuscle Tissues:Skeletal Cardiac Smooth
Brain / Spinal Column / Nerves / Sense
Receptors
Body’s control system Brain works to control body processes Stimuli is detected & addressed with
impulses that run along “pathways”
Composed of Glands and Hormones
Endocrine Glands release Hormones into the blood
Hormones reach Target Cells and act to modify or change cellular activity
Hormones are carriedin the bloodstream to the places where they are needed
Cardiovascular Division:heart, arteries, capillaries,
veins
*Blood carries substances to & from the body’s tissues
*Heart = Blood pump*Arteries and Veins = Tubes that carry blood*Capillaries= Connect arteries to veins
= Place of Gas Exchange in blood
Lymphatic Division: Excess fluid is taken out of the blood Excess fluid is cleaned and returned
lymph vessels / lymph nodes / lymph organs (such as the spleen, thymus gland & tonsils)
Respiratory pathway leading to the lungscomprised of: Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Bronchi
Function Gas Exchange inside the lungs Oxygen in // Carbon Dioxide out
Function Break down food into smaller piecesand deliver nutrients to the body
Comprised of:Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach and
the Intestines (with help from the Liver and
Pancreas)
Comprised of the Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder and Urethra
Function Filter blood through the kidneys and eliminate liquid wastes out of the body
Function Continue the human race**The sole purpose of the reproductive
system is to produce new organisms
Male testicles produce sperm Components: Penis, Scrotum, TestesFemale ovaries produce eggs
Components: Ovaries, Uterus, Uterine Tubes,
Vagina
Female Reproductive Male ReproductiveStructures Structures
This system functions to defend the body from foreign substances (internally)
White blood cells are very important for
protection
Viruses and Bacteria can be detrimental to health
**Antibodies are produced to help fight these**