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20-04-2015 18:02

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"We are closer than ever ecological disaster"THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE TRAGEDY IN THE GULF OF MEXICO

From an environmental disaster after oil rig explosion BP in the Gulf of Mexico, it's been

five years. Without major changes in the oil industry, every day brings us closer to the next

- experts.

Five years ago uncontrolled release of oil andgas in the Gulf of Mexico caused the explosion.On an oil rig Deepwater Horizon killed elevenworkers. However, the damage was evengreater. The explosion caused the biggestenvironmental disaster in US history. In 2010,the oil gushing from the well continuously foralmost three months. More than 666,000 of itstons of polluted beaches and marshes fromTexas to the Florida.

Today, on the fifth anniversary of the outbreak,the effects are still being felt.

Dolphins die

Cynthia Sarthou, executive director of a projectaimed at restoring the natural conditions in theGulf, says that after five years, more questionsthan answers about what the lasting effects ofthe spill could mean for the environment. Theballs of tar can still be found on the beach ofGrande Terre, an island off the coast ofLouisiana. - Dolphins are still dying, oil is still

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The explosion on an oil rig Deepwater Horizon. In the film

- leakage from the perspective of satellites

Fig .: The United States Coast Guard, the movie: NASA

The giant oil spill on the shores of

Nigeria. The stain is almost 200 km -

23-12-2011

Oil spill, which was formed after the spill,

which occurred on the platform Tuesday,

spread to about 100 nautical miles (approx.

185 km). - It's the biggest leak in this area for

10 years - said on Thursday Peter Idabor,

head of the Nigerian management agencies

leaks.

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on the bottom of the ocean, tar balls continue to be lifted by the water - says Sarthou. - And noone is able to tell you what else we can find in the next five or ten years. It is really sad. Sarthouadds that the pollution is not visible to people, but there is in the marine environment and itspotential consequences can haunt us for decades.

Research

Scientists from the Institute of Oceanography atthe University of Florida conducted a series oftests to determine the impact of the disaster onthe lives of marine organisms, such as oysters,shrimp, corals and marine plankton, which arethe basis of the marine food chain. The resultswere published in 2014 in the "Journal ofShellfish Research" and "Bulletin ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology".- The oil spill could affect marine organisms onmany levels. Can produce carcinogenic andmutagenic effects - said Susan Laramore, amolecular biologist at the Institute ofOceanography at the University of Florida. -Deepwater Horizon spill coincided with thespawning of many of these animals - sheadded. Fishermen say that the oysterpopulation has not returned to the level beforethe spill. It also affects the coastal food chainand coastal ecosystems. In addition, studieshave shown that dispersed oil affects thegrowth of algae, which can have a negative impact on the stability of the food chain.

Changes are necessary

Five years after the accident on the BP platform oil and gas industry did not decrease itsimpact on the environment. On the contrary - the degree of technological sophistication hasincreased, making it difficult to predict the complex interactions between the variousprocesses of drilling, the inevitable human errors and the deep-sea environment.

How to write for "The Guardian" András Tilcsik, an employee of the University of Toronto andChris Clearfield, director of consulting company that focuses on risk management, analysis ofthe causes of the accident, which initiated an ecological disaster, pointed out three reasons:the complexity and necessity risky drilling systems, human error and organizational andsupervision. In the last five years there has been some progress, but still risks of a spill in thisarea is greater than ever before.

The largest ecological disaster in history

According to the information contained in thesummary of an internal BP report and thereport of the committee formed to investigate ,on the night of the accident, operators ofcritical misread the results of safety tests. Theyassumed that they would see what they wantedto see. In addition, when the false assumptionthat everything is fine, BP employees missedthe previous test to save in this way, $130,000. As you can see accidents do nothappen without a reason. There are placeswhere people are focused on minimizinglosses at the expense of safety.

What's more - sea drilling platforms aresusceptible to unpredictable technologicalglitches. Drilling works have a very limitedmargin for error - the failure of one part of the

Video

Photo

Warehouses

The evacuation of platforms in the Gulf

of Mexico. A powerful tropical storm is

approaching - 02-10-2013

The company British Petroleum evacuates

from its platforms in the Gulf of Mexico all

employees who are not indispensable in the

production. The reason? He goes on them a

powerful storm.

read more

Dead turtles, whales in crude. It will be

a film about the greatest ecological

catastrophe - 20-08-2014

To the ocean received approx. 700 thousand.

tons of crude oil, which tainted the southern

coast of the United States. Then came the oil

rig explosion and fire. Killed 11 people. In

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Source: The Guardian, npr.org, sciencedaily.com Author: ab / map

system can quickly spread to others. Operatorscan not simply disconnect the machine whilesearching for a solution. Unfortunately, as long-term studies indicate sociologist CharlesPerrow, serious accidents are inevitable insuch systems.

The rush for oil

Before sinking, the platform BP had access toone of the deepest oil and gas wells. This limit has already been exceeded and continuesefforts are made to exceed the next. You do not have to look far. In an area where five yearsago erupted, now the Royal Duch Shell creates the largest underwater oil field in history. Inturn, the Caspian Sea was created a huge mining project on Kashagan oil field, which is anextremely difficult undertaking. Even in the Arctic are still carried out oil exploration, despitethe fact that these are the most inhospitable waters in the world.

Ongoing danger

Recent incidents paint a dark picture. In November 2012 there was a deadly explosion andfire on the platform in the Gulf of Mexico. A few weeks later, Shell drilling rig ran aground offthe coast of Alaska. Also in 2013 there was an accident. The rig collapsed on the shore ofLouisiana.

- No major changes in the oil industry, every day brings us closer to another disaster - thinkTilcsik and Clearfield.

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