Wcdma Hsupa Ran12 Principles Issue 1.01

7/29/2019 Wcdma Hsupa Ran12 Principles Issue 1.01

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Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

WCDMA HSUPA

Principles


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Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1

Foreword

HSUPA: High Speed Uplink Packet Access

HSUPA, as one of important feature from Huawei RAN6,

has been taken as an important enhancement to improve

the network performance


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Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Outline the protocol architecture of HSUPA

Know the key technologies of HSUPA


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Contents

1. Introduction of HSUPA

2. HSUPA Concepts

3. Physical Layer Channels and Processing


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High Speed Uplink Packet Access

Driver force for HSUPA

Data Rate demand for higher peak data rates in uplink

Qos lower latency

Capacity better uplink throughput

Coverage better uplink coverage for higher data rate


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UMTS Data Rate Evolution

GSM GPRS

EDGE

WCDMAR99 HSDPAR5 HSUPAR6

Mobile Network Uplink Peak Data Rate Downlink Peak Data Rate

GSM 9.6Kbps 9.6Kbps

GPRS 20Kbps 40Kbps

EDGE 60Kbps 120Kbps

WCDMA Release 99 384Kbps 384Kbps

HSDPA Release 5 384Kbps 10Mbps

HSUPA Release 6 1.4Mbps/5.76Mbps 10Mbps


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Release 99 Uplink Packet Data

DCH (Dedicated Channel)

Variable spreading factor

Closed loop power control

Macro diversity (soft handover)

RACH

Common spreading code

Fixed spreading factor

No closed loop power control

No soft handover


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Release 99 Uplink Limitation

Large scheduling delay

Radio resource is controlled from RNC

Large latency

Transmission time interval duration of 10/20/40/80ms

RNC based retransmission in case of errors (RLC layer)

Limited uplink data rate

Deployed peak data rate is 384kbps with limited subscriber

number


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High Speed Uplink Packet Access

E-DCH channel has been introduced

Interference is shared by multiple users

NodeB controls all UEs data rate with fast scheduling

E-DCH


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Improved Characters by HSUPA

Higher peak data rate in uplink

Reduced latency

Faster retransmission to improve throughput

Fast scheduling

Optimize the resource allocation to maximize the total

throughput

Quality of Service support

Improve QoS control and resource utilization


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HSUPA Key Technology Overview

HSUPA key technologies

2ms TTI

Fast scheduling

Lower SF

New Channels

Fast L1 HARQ

Improved

Cell Capacity

Higher PeakData Rate

Lower Latency

Improved QoS

Support

Fast ResourceScheduling


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Application Scenarios for HSUPA

VoIP (Voice over IP)

Low latency, Quality of Service control and improved

uplink capacity

Game

Lowe latency, fast resource allocation

Personal blog update

Upload personal essay, video, music and picture


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Contents


2. HSUPA Concepts



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HSUPA vs. HSDPA

HSDPA HSUPA

New high-speed shared channel Dedicated channel with

enhanced capabilities

HARQ with fast retransmission at layer 1

Rate/modulation adaptation

Single serving cell

Fast power control

Soft handover

Fast NodeB scheduler

Shared NodeB power and code

Fast NodeB scheduler

Rise-over-Thermal (ROT)


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Rise-over-Thermal Noise

In order to decode received data correctly, the uplink

interference shall be controlled.

Rise-over-Thermal is a measure of the uplink load.

NodeB monitors uplink interference and tells UE

how much power can be used to transmit uplink data.


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HSUPA Key Technologies NodebB

Scheduling During HSUPA operation NodeB scheduler considers the

trade-off between the following two points:

Several users those want to transmit at high data rate all the

time

Satisfying all requested grants while preventing overloading

and maximizing resource utilization


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HSUPA Key Technologies 2ms TTI

Shorter TTI of 2ms

In HSUPA both 10ms TTI and 2ms TTI are supported.

A shorter TTI allows reduction of the latency and increasing the

average and peak cell throughput.

TTI for HSUPA (E-DCH)

TTI for DCH

2ms

10ms

40ms

20ms

10ms

80ms

HSUPA K T h l i Hi h D t


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HSUPA Key Technologies Higher Data

Rate For a 10ms TTI UE, peak data rate is limited to 2 Mbps.

For a 2ms TTI UE, the theoretical maximum data rate is 5.76Mbps.

The conditions to get 5.76 Mbps

Lower channel coding gain

Effective code rate = 1

Requires very good channel conditions to decode

Lower spreading factor

UE uses SF 2

Multi-code transmission

UE uses 4 codes, 2 with SF2 and 2 with SF4

Calculation of 5.76 Mbps: 2 (3840000 / 2) + 2 (3840000 / 4) = 5.76Mbps

Two codes with SF2 Two codes with SF4


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HSUPA Key Technologies HARQ

Hybrid-ARQ

N-channel stop-and-wait protocol, with 4 HARQ processes for

10ms TTI and 8 HARQ processes for 2ms TTI

Synchronous retransmission Separate HARQ feedback is provided per radio link.


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HSUPA Key Technologies New

Channels Five new physical channels and one new transport channel

are introduced to support HSUPA.

E-HICH: Carry ACK/NACK for HARQ

E-RGCH: Carry relative grant for scheduling

E-AGCH: Carry absolute grant for scheduling

E-DPDCH: Carry uplink HSUPA data (carry E-DCH)

E-DPCCH: Carry control information related to uplink HSUPA data


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HSUPA Key Technologies New

Channels (cont.)

DCCH DTCH

E-DCH

E-DPCCH

E-DPDCH

E-HICH

E-AGCH

E-RGCH

The channel mapping in HSUPA:


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HSUPA Channel Operation

The UE sends a transmission request tothe NodeB for getting resources.

The NodeB responds to the UE with a

grant assignment, allocating uplink band

to the UE.

The UE uses the grant to select the

appropriate transport format for the Data

transmission to the NodeB.

The NodeB attempts to decode the

received data and send ACK/NACK to

the UE. In case of NACK, data may be

retransmitted.

NodeB

1.REQ

UEST

3.DATA

2.GRA

NT

4.ACK

/NACK

UE


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HSUPA Channel Operation (continued)

1. Transmission Request

The UE request data

transmission by the scheduling

information (SI), which is

determined according to the UE

power and buffer data

availability.

The scheduling information issent to the NodeB.

UE

UE Buffer UE Power

Scheduling Information (SI)


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2. Grant Assignment

The Node B determines the UE

grantby monitoring uplink

interference (RoT at he receiver),

and by considering the UE

transmission requests and level of

satisfaction.

The grant is signaled to the UE bynew grant channels.

NodeB

RoT SI

GRANT

Satisfaction


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3. Data Transmission

The UE uses the received grant

and, based on its power and data

availability, selects the E-DCH

transport format and the

corresponding transmit power.

Data are transmitted by the UE on

together with the related controlinformation.

UE

GRANT

UE Power

Data and related

control information

UE Buffer


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4. Data Acknowledgment

The NodeB attempts to decode

the received data and indicates to

the UE with ACK/NACK.

If no ACK is received by he UE,

the data may be retransmitted.NodeB

ACK/NACK

Data and related

control information


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HSUPA Protocol Stack

SM (Session Management)

GMM (GPRS Mobility Management)

RRC (Radio Resource Control)

MAC-es and MAC-d (Medium Access Control)

RLC (Radio Link Control)

MAC-e

Physical LayerIub Interface

Iu Interface

UE NodeB RNC SGSN

AS

NAS


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E-DCH Active Set and Mobility Support

There are three different types ofradio links in the UE E-DCH active

set:

Serving E-DCH Cell: The cell from

which UE receives AGCH.

Serving E-DCH RLS: Set of cells that

contain at least the serving cell and

from which the UE can receive

RGCH

No-Serving RL: Cell that belongs to

the E-DCH active set but not belong

to the serving RLS and from which

the UE can receive a RGCH.

Serving

E-DCH cell

Serving E-DCH

Radio Link Set

(RLS)

Non-Serving

E-DCH Radio

Link (RL)


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HSUPA UE Capabilities

E-DCH

category

Max number

ofE-DPDCH

channels

Minimum

SF

Supported

TTI

Peak rate

for TTI =

10MS

Peak rate

for TTI =

2ms

Category 1 1 SF4 10ms 711kbps --

Category 2 2 SF4 2&10 ms 1448kbps 1448kbps


Category 4 2 SF2 2&10 ms 2000kbps 2886kbps


Category 6 4 SF2 2&10ms 2000kbps 5742kbps


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Contents


2. HSUPA Concepts



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New Channels for HSUPA

Uplink Transport Channel

E-DCH: Carries high speed uplink data

Uplink Physical Channels

E-DPDCH: Carries E-DCH

E-DPCCH: Carries control signal for E-DPDCH

Downlink Physical Channels

E-HICH: Carries HARQ ACK/NACK indicator for E-DCH

E-RGCH: Carries relative grant determined by the scheduler

E-AGCH: Carries absolute grant determined by the scheduler


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New Channels in HSUPA Operation

1. The UE sends a request for resources. The

request includes status of its data buffers and

is sent on E-DPDCH.

2. Based on the request from the UE, the

Node B allocates a resource grant to the UE.

The grant is sent on the E-AGCH channel. 3. This grant can be modified by the Node B

every TTI using the E-RGCH channel.

4. The UE transmits data on E-DPDCH.

Control information needed to decode the

data is sent on E-DPCCH.

5. The Node B decodes the received packet

and informs the UE whether it could decode

the data successfully or not on the E-HICH

channel.

E-DPDCH

E-DPCCH

E-AGCH

E-RGCH

E-HICH

1

4

3 521

4


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E-DCH

E-DCH is mapped to one or more E-DPDCHs.

Control information for E-DCH is sent to E-DPCCH.

One transport block (TB) is transferred in one TTI.

Transmission time interval (TTI) can be 10ms or 2ms.

Support for 10ms is mandatory in the UE.

Support for 2ms is mandatory for UE with E-DCH peak

capability above.


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E-DCH Channel Coding

CRC

A 24 bit CRC is attached to the

transport block.

Channel Coding Turbo coding with 1/3 coding

ratio

Transport block

from MAC

Add CRC

attachment

Code block

segmentation

Channel coding

Physical layer HARQ/

rate matching

Physical channel

segmentation

Interleaving & physical

Channel mapping

Physical channel(s)


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E-DCH HARQ Rate MatchingTransport block

from MAC

Add CRC

attachment

Code block

segmentation

Channel coding


rate matching

Physical channel

segmentation


Channel mapping

Physical channel(s)

Hybrid HARQ/Rate Matching

Hybrid ARQ match the number of

bits at the turbo coder to the total

number of bits available in the E-

DPDCH(s).

Redundancy Version (RV)

controls rate matching.


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E-DCH Segmentation & Interleaving

Physical Channel Segmentation

To distribute bits among multiple E-

DPDCH when more than one E-DPDCH is

used.

Interleaving

The same as UL DCH interleaving

Channel Mapping If more than one E-DPDCH is used, the

bits should be mapped to different E-

DPDCHs.

Transport block

from MAC

Add CRC

attachment

Code block

segmentation

Channel coding


rate matching

Physical channel

segmentation


Channel mapping

Physical channel(s)


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E-DPDCH Spreading Code

Nmax-dpdch E-DPDCHK Spreading Code

0 E-DPDCH1Cch,SF,SF/4 if SF >= 4

Cch,2,1 if SF = 2

E-DPDCH2

Cch,4,1 if SF = 4

Cch,2,1 if SF = 2

E-DPDCH3

E-DPDCH4

Cch,4,1

1 E-DPDCH1 Cch,SF,SF/2

E-DPDCH2Cch,4,2 if SF = 4

Cch,2,1 if SF = 2


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E-DPDCH I/Q Channel Mapping

E-DPDCH1

E-DPDCHK

E-DPCCH

.

.

.

Channelization

codeGain factor

I + jQ

Scrambling

code

IQk

Nmax-

dpdch

HS-DSCH

configuredE-DPDCH

KIQ

k

0 NO/YES E-DPDCH1 I

E-DPDCH2 Q

E-DPDCH3 I

E-DPDCH4 Q

1 NO E-DPDCH1 Q

E-DPDCH2 I

1 YES E-DPDCH1 I

E-DPDCH2 Q

E-DPDCHk is mapped to I brand or

Q brand according to IQk.

E-DPCCH is always mapped to I

branch.


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E-DPCCH

E-DPCCH is always transmitted on uplink with E-DPDCH.

Always transmitted with E-DPDCH simultaneously.

E-DPCCH includes:

RSN: Uplink HARQ transmission number

E-TFCI: E-DCH transport format combination indicator

Happy Bit: for support of scheduling

Channelization code for E-DPCCH is Cch,256,1

Always mapped to I branch


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E-DPCCH Coding

Data in one E-DPCCH subframe

RSN: 2 bits

E-TFCI: 7 bits

Happy bit: 1 bit

For 10ms TTI, the same coded bit

sequence is transmitted in 5 sub-

frames.

Multiplexing

Channel Coding

Physical channel mapping

one E-DPCCH subframe

RSN E-TFCI Happy bit

10 bits

30 bits


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E-DPCCH Coding (continued)

RSN bits in E-DPCCH are used to indicate the type ofredundancy version (RV) of each HARQ transmission and to aid

in soft buffer management at the NodeB.

RSN = 0: First transmission

RSN = 1: Second transmission

RSN = 2: Third transmission

RSN = 3: Additional transmission

RV selection rules:

UTRAN can configure the UE to use RV = 0 for all transmissions.

Or UTRAN can configure the UE to use RSN to change RV.


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E-DPCCH & E-DPDCH Frame Format

Slot 0 Slot 1 Slot 3 Slot i Slot 14

10 bits

Data, Ndata bits

1 subframe = 2ms

1 frame = 10ms

E-DPDCH

E-DPCCH

2560 chips

2560 chips, Ndata = 10*2kbits (k = 07)


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E-AGCH

E-AGCH is a common downlink channel.

Fixed data rate: 30kbps

QPSK modulation

Spreading factor: 256

E-AGCH carries absolute grant for E-DCH for all UEs in the cell.

Transmission on E-AGCH can be 2ms or 10ms.

2ms if E-DCH TTI is 2ms

10ms if E-DCH TTI is 10ms

UE listens to the E-AGCH from the serving cell only.


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E-AGCH Coding Multiplexing

5 bits for the absolute grant values 1 bit (Xags) for the scope of the grant

CRC

16 bits CRC is masked with E-RNTI

E-RNTI is used to address UE.

Channel Coding

Rate 1/3 convolutional coding

Rate Matching

Puncturing to get 60 bits from 90 bits generated after

channel coding

Physical Channel Mapping

60 bits mapped to one subframe (20 bits per slot)

For 10ms TTI, same bits get repeated for all 5

subframe

Multiplexing

ID specific

CRC attachment

Channel coding

Rate matching

Physical channel

mapping

5 bits grant 1 bit scope

One E-AGCH subframe

6 bits

22 bits

90 bits

60 bits


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E-AGCH Frame Format

Slot 0 Slot 1 Slot 3 Slot i Slot 14

20 bits

1 subframe = 2ms

1 frame = 10ms

E-AGCH

2560 chips


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E-HICH

E-HICH is a dedicated downlink channel that carries HARQ

ACK/NACK.

QPSK modulation

Spreading factor is 128 and the channelization code for E-HICH is

same with E-RGCH.

Transmitted from all cells in the E-DCH active set.

ACK/NACK is indicated using a binary indicator.

ACK is +1.

NACK from cells in serving E-DCH radio link set is -1.

NACK from cells not in serving E-DCH radio link set is 0 (DTX).


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E-RGCH & E-HICH Coding

Same channelization code Cch,128,k

Different signature sequences, Css,40,m(i) and Css,40,n(i) for slot i

S

/p

Q

P

S

K

1/0/-1

(UP/HOLD/DOWN)

Css,40,m(i)

40 bits/slot

j

Cch,128,k

Scrambling GRGCH

S

/

p

Q

PS

K

1/(-1 or 0)

(ACK/NACK)

Css,40,n(i)

40 bits/slot

j

Cch,128,k

Scrambling GHICH


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Channel Configuration

E-DCH can be established in combination with the followingdownlink configurations:

Downlink DCH only

HS-DSCH only

Both DCH and HS-DSCH

The following uplink configuration are possible:

Uplink DCH only

E-DCH only

Both uplink DCH and E-DCH

Downlink and uplink configurations can be combined

independently.

C C f


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Uplink Channel Configuration with

HSUPA

Configurations DPDCH HS-

DPCCH

E-

DPDCH

E-DPCCH

DCH only 6 1 - -

DCH + E-DCH 1 1 2 1

E-DCH only - 1 4 1

The maximum number of each type of channels for each possibleuplink channel configuration except for DPCCH


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Wcdma Hsupa Ran12 Principles Issue 1.01