WatershedReduced1

Buttercup ValleyWatershed

Study&

Plan

Cincinnati StateEVET-7628

LF 2012

David Hartke

Table of Contents

ResourcesStakeholders 1-2

CharacteristicsHistory 3Boundaries 4Geology 5Topography 6Climate 6Native Floodplain Plant Species 7Invasive Plant Species 8Land Use 9Demographics 10Housing 11Sewershed 12Water Quality 13Nature of Stream 14Existing Best Management Practices 15

StressorsConcept Map 16Map of Stressors 17Outfalls 18Channel Modification 19Impacted Buffer 20Utilities in Corridor 21Trash and Debris 22Misc. Impacts 23-24Stream Crossings 25

Best ManagementWatershed Action Plan 26-27Goals 27Non-Structural BMP's 28-30Structural BMP's 31-32BMP Map 33Construction View 34Sources of Funding 35-36

Supporting DocumentsSources 37Appendix

Resources for Buttercup Valley Watershed, Ohio

Stakeholder Role Contact

Homeowners Volunteering, Support, Advising

Renters Volunteering, Support, Advising

Northside Business Association Funding, Advising www.northside.net

Keystone Flora Donations, Advising www.keystonefloar.com

The Comet Fund Raising, Outreach www.cometbar.com

Northside Tavern Fund Raising, Outreach www.northside-tavern.com

Sidewinder Coffee and Tea Fund Raising, Outreach www.sidewindercoffee.com

Happen Inc. Fund Raising, Outreach www.happeninc.com

Northside Farmer's Market Fund Raising, Outreach, Support www.northside.net

Mobo Bike Coop Fund Raisng, Outreach, Support http://mobobicyclecoop.org

Boy Scouts Volunteering www.troop161.com

Girl Scouts Volunteering www.girlscoutsofwesternohio.org

Northsed-College Hill Kiwanis Volunteering, Fund Raising, Support 513-853-4865

Northside Arts Fund Raising, Outreach www.northsidearts.org

Community Groups

Business

Local

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Resources for Buttercup Valley Watershed, Ohio

Stakeholder Role Contact

Churches Active In Northside (CAIN) Volunteering, Outreach www.cainministry.org

Cincinnati Northside Community Urban Redevelopment Corporation (CNCURC)

Support, Outreach www.cncurc.org

Northside Greenspace Inc. Advising, Support, Funding www.northsidegreenspace.org

Mill Creek Watershed Council Advising, Support www.millcreekwatershed.org

Greater Cincinnati Rain Garden Alliance Advising, Support www.millcreekwatershed.org

Green Umbrella Advising, Support www.greenumbrella.org

Government

Northside Community CouncilAdvising, Support, Funding, Fund

Raising, Outreachwww.northside.net

City of Cincinnati Advising, Funding www.cincinnati-oh.gov

Metropolitan Sewer District (MSD) Advising, Support, Education, Funding www.msdgc.org

Hamilton County Soil and Water Conservation District (HCSWCD)

Advising, Support, Education www.hcswcd.org

Ohio EPA Advising, Support, Funding www.epa.state.oh.us

US EPA Advising, Support, Funding www.epa.gov

Conservation Groups

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Characteristics of Buttercup Valley Watershed, Ohio

History

The area was originally surveyed by Isreal Ludlow, who had replaced the original surveyor of Losantville after he disappeared on a surveying expedtion. He was compensated for his efforts with a parcel of land by the Mill Station, where he settled. Mr. Ludlow went on to survey Hamilton, Dayton, Fort Wayne, and a host of other towns about the midwest.

People were settling in the area known as Mill Station, by the Mill Creek at the intersection of two old Indian trails, since around 1790. But as they were occupying Indian lands, life was not too safe. Real settling did not occur till after the Treaty of Greenville was signed, bringing an end to the Indian wars.

The settlers renamed the Indian trails after Generals Arthur St.Clair and Anthony Wayne. St.Clair’s Trace followed the path of what is now Hamilton Ave, and Wayne’s Trace followed along the Mill Creek down to the Ohio and Licking rivers on what is now Spring Grove Ave.

There originally were only a few residents, several homes, a tavern, and a few businesses. It was not till the 1820’s and the introduction of the Miami-Erie Canal that real population started to develop. Growth continued wih the installation of the CH&D (Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton) railroad.

Cumminsville started to gain a reputation as a place where Cincinnati-ans could get away from the city. Depending on your idea of a good time, it was either called Happy Valley or Hell Town. The latter name was generally reserved for the area around the canal on the western side of Cumminsville.

In the mid-1800’s there was a great influx of immigrants to America as people left the social turmoil in Europe for America’s promise. Germany, having weathered a failed revolution, lost almost 10% of its population. In the census of 1870, 48% of the residents of Cummins-ville listed their nationality as German.

In 1873 Cumminsville was annexed by the city of Cincinnati.

Cumminsville grew and prospered in the coming years, experiencing steady growth up through the 1920’s. A wealthy citizenry supported high quality shops, merchants, and manufacturing, and Cumminsville continued to be a place for Cincinnatians to escape to. At one point, the business area called Knowlton’s Corner was one of the busiest commercial areas in Cincinnati.

After World War II there was a boon in industry. the housing and automobile markets exploded in conjunction with the development of the highway system. People no longer had a reason to live near work and shopping. They were able to travel independently and conve-niently in their automobiles across well paved roads. The passenger rail market waned. Where people had once escaped to the suburbs of Cumminsville, they now left for more rural neighborhoods and villages. As the demand for housing declined in Northside, so did property values. The overall income level of the residents of Northside dropped and therefore they could no longer support the merchants who had once populated the business district.

By the 1960’s most of the industry that had been in Northside finally left.

In the 1980’s Northside began to experience a resurgence in popularity. Its undervalued home prices and central location appealed to a large group of first time home buyers. The city designated the part of the business district around Hoffner Lodge as a historic district. The city has invested in several improvement projects in the last ten years.

Today, there is a healthy business environment, an active community council, and a unified religious community. Northside boasts a business association that is more than a century old.

The history of Northside is still unfolding.

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Native Floodplain Plant Species

Source: ODNR

Type Common Name Scientific Name

Deciduous-Shrub Sandbar Willow Salix interiorBladdernut Staphylea trifolia

Deciduous-Tree Box Elder Acer negundoSilver Maple Acer saccharinumOhio Buckeye Aesculus glabraPaw Paw Asimina trilobaRiver Birch Betula nigraDowny Hawthorn Crataegus mollisGreen Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanicaHoney Locust Gleditsia triacanthosBlack Walnut Juglans nigraSweet Gum Liquidambar styracifluaSycamore Platanus occidentalisEastern Cottonwood Populus deltoidesBlack Willow Salix nigraAmerican Elm Ulmus americana

Fern Lowland Fragile Fern Cystopteris protusa

Graminoid Gray's sedge Carex grayiRiver Oats Chasmanthium latifoliumCommon Wood Reed Cinna arundinaceaEarly Wild Rye Elymus macgregoriiStreambank Wild Rye Elymus ripariusDowny Wild Rye Elymus villosusVirginia Wild Rye Elymus virginicusLong Manna Grass Glyceria melicaria

Forb-Perennial Green Dragon Arisaema dracontiumHairy Woodmint Blephilia hirsutaTwo-leaved Toothwort Cardamine diphyllaJoe-pye Weed Eupatorium fistulosumJerusalum Artichoke Helianthus tuberosusTurk's Cap Lily Lilium superbumFringed Lossestrife Lysimachia ciliataBluebells Mertensia virginicaWinged Monkeyflower Mimulus alatusSummer Phlox Phlox paniculataCut-leaf Coneflower Rudbeckia laciniataCup Plant Silphium perfoliatumAmerican Germander Teucrium canadenseTall Meadow Rue Thalictrum pubescensCommon White Violet Viola striata

Type Common Name Scientific Name

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Japanese Knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum)

Common Reed (Phragmites australis)

Invasive Plant Species

Multiflora Rose(Rosa multiflora)

Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus umbellata)

Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea)

Bush Honeysuckles (Lonicera morrowii)(Lonicera maackii)(Lonicera tatarica)

Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica)

Buckthorns (Rhamnus frangula)(Rhamnus cathartica)

Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata)

Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)

Of the approximately 3,000 species of plants known to occur in the wild in Ohio, about 75 percent are native or have occurred in Ohio before the time of substantial European settlement, about 1750. The other 25 percent, around 700 to 800 species, are not native to Ohio, having been introduced from other states or countries. Non-native plants have been introduced for erosion control, horticulture, wildlife foods, as well as by accident. Without natural predators or controls, invasive non-native plants are able to spread quickly and force out native plants. In Ohio, several non-native plants are invading woodlands and wetlands, displacing native plants. Native plant diversity is important for wildlife habitat as many animals depend on a variety of native plants for food and cover.

Source: ODNR

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Water Quality

Source:US EPA WATERS

Designated Use Use Group Status TMDL Status

AQUATIC LIFE USE Fish, Shellfish, and Wildlife Protection and Propogation Impaired

Cause of Impairment

Ammonia, Un-Ionized TMDL Needed

Direct Habitat Alterations TMDL Needed

Flow Alterations TMDL Needed

Nutrients TMDL Needed

Oil and Grease TMDL Needed

Organic Enrichment/Low Dissolved O2 TMDL Needed

Taste and Odor TMDL Needed

Unknown Toxicity TMDL NeededCause Unknown TMDL Needed

HUMAN HEALTH USE Aquatic Life Harvesting Impaired

Cause of ImpairmentCause Unknown TMDL Needed

PUBLIC DRINKING WATER SUPPLY USE Public Water Supply Not Assessed

RECREATIONAL USE Recreation Not Assessed

2010 Water Qualtiy Assessment for Congress Run-Mill Creek

Probable Sources Contributing to Impairment for Reporting Year 2010No probable source data have been reported to EPA for this waterbody.

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Multi-Stage Discharge StructureLocated West of Hassman Ct.5 Year Flood Discharge.10 Year Flood Discharge.Solely stormwater output.Designed to discharge within 72 hours.

Outlet PipeLocated West of Hassman Ct.2 Year Flood Discharge.Solely stormwater output.Designed to discharge within 72 hours.

Catch BasinLocated West of Hassman Ct.Allows percolation of H2O into soil.Natural habitat for wildlife.Evapotranspiration through foliage.Replenish soil nutrients.

RipRap OverflowLocated West of Hassman Ct.25 Year Flood DischargeSolely stormwater.Designed to discharge within 72 hours.

Sediment TrapLocated at South end of Hassman Ct.Area designed to naturall trap and control sediment runoff from construction sites.

Silt FenceLocated at South end of Hass-man Ct.Temporary barrier to keep sediment from washing down hill.

Rain BarrelVarious locations within watershed.Captures rainwater and keeps out of combined sewers.

Repaired Nick PointLocated in Buttercup Valley Park.Fallen tree used as simple and effective repair of nick point.Reduce future erosion.

Existing Best Managment Parctices (BMP)

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Stressors for Buttercup Valley Watershed, OH

Sample Solution

Impacted Buffer (IB)

DescriptionClearcut Riparian Zone and Residential Construction up to Edge of Channel (Located in Reach B, South side of Springlawn Ave, East of Hamilton Ave)

ProblemResidential Land Use has removed 95% of native trees and shrubs in favor of manicured lawn, fences, and sheds. Having no Riparian Zone to buffer storm water runoff and help prevent erosion. Lawn grass has very shallow root systems providing little erosion control, as well as being a less permeable surface allowing for increased water runoff and increasing flood likelihood. (Lawn chemicals can also be a source of pollution due to runoff). Construction on streambanks leaves no room for natural stream processes to occur and most likely ends in damaged property from flooding and erosion.

SolutionsRiparian Buffer -Restore natural meander and stream banks.Wetland Plantings -Plant native trees and shrubs along stream.Invasive Species Removal -Remove HoneysuckleHomeowner Education -Demonstrate good land and lawn practices.

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Utilities in Corridor (UT)

DescriptionBroken Sewer Line Leaking(Located in Reach A, East of Howard Ave in the hillside)

ProblemSewer Line is leaking into valley behind Howard Ave. During rains this sewage will combine with runoff and drain to streams and river, polluting the water.

SolutionCall MSD

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Trash and Debris (TR)

DescriptionTrash and Waste Being Thrown into ChannelDeposition of Yard Waste in Riparian Zone(Located along entire length of stream)

ProblemHomeowners are dumping unwanted garbage (mattresses, tires, oil bottles, water heaters, old brick, brush, leaves, lawn clippings, etc.) into the riparian zone and stream channel. This impairs water quality, chokes out vegetation, and pollutes the environment in general. Provides an increased health risk for anyone playing in the area and for creatures that live in the habitat.

SolutionsStream CleanupStorm Drain MarkingRecycle BinsCompost Bins -Ways to keep pollutants from stream.Outreach to SchoolsHomeowner Education -Demonstrate good land and lawn use. -Educate about proper waste disposal.

Sample Solution

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Misc. Impacts (MI)

DescriptionDownspouts Outputting to Street, Increasing Runoff in CSO'sDownspouts Draining Directly into Storm Sewers (Located throughout Watershed)

ProblemResidential Construction has created many impervious surfaces. It is not possible to remove most impervious surfaces suchs as roads and roofs. Downspouts that have been piped directly into the sewer system, and those that drain to a yard or street, contribute to increased runoff during rain events. The water from house roofs combined with other impervious runoff drain to storm sewers in the street. With a combined sewer system in Cincinnati, when there is too much flow through the sewer extra water is diverted through the CSO’s, elimi-nating both untreated sewage and runoff into the environment.

SolutionsRain BarrelsRain GardensPervious SurfacesBioretention Swales -Ways to limit runoff into the storm sewersHomeowner Education -Teach water conservation techniques. Sample Solution

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Misc. Impacts (MI)

DescriptionNear Stream Construction(Located throughout Reach B)

ProblemResidents have constructed barns/sheds at very edges of the channel. This leaves no room for natural channel fluctuation, increases eosion since there is no buffer zone, and increases likelihood of property damage due to flooding.

SolutionsRiparian Buffer -Reconstruct a naturally meandering channel with a naturally sloped streambank within a 20-50ft Riparian zone on either side and all cinder block, railroad tie, and concrete material removed.Homeowner Education -Demonstrate good land and lawn practices.

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Stream Crossings (SC)

DescriptionBridges over stream.(Located throughout Reach B)

ProblemResidents have created stream crossings over their particular section of stream. Since the channel bisects their property the bridges and walkways allow them access to the other part of their land. These structures go along with Channle Modifications in an attempt to control the stream. Homeowners do not their crossings to fail so the stream has been straightened and bank walls reinforced, all acting as a funnel for heave water flow. This in turn drives erosion and causes these crossings to break. Land has been clearcut to build these structures. Debris from these structures falls into the channel, and they act as places that catch debris and damn up stream.

SolutionsRiparian Buffer -Reconstruct a naturally meandering channel with a naturally sloped streambank within a 20-50ft Riparian zone on either side and all cinder block, railroad tie, and concrete material removed.Homeowner Education -Demonstrate good land practices.

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Best Management for Buttercup Valley Watershed, Ohio

Watershed Action plan

Northside, Cincinnati, OH is a diverse, urban neighborhood hard hit by aging buildings and the urban sprawl of the last half of the 20th century. Northside is an eclectic mix of population with a thriving community spirit. Its this community spirit that we hope to utilize in restoring the Buttercup Valley Watershed.

Separation of the sewer system and removal of the CSO’s is the biggest implementation needed. This would remove the pollu-tion and health risks posed by raw sewage (fecal coliform) and greatly increase land value. It would also allow proper assess-ment of the natural water volume and flow through the water-shed leading to a better understanding of the stream, the riparian buffers, and meander patterns neede to restore it to a natural state.

Creating a wet retention pond will help to capture runoff and slowly discharge water, as well as being an effective implemen-tion to reduce the concentration of fecal coliform found in the CSO discharge and running though the urban stream.

Both requiring MSD, heavy construction, and significant fund-ing; and with the majority of the area’s residents being of lower income, our plan will focus on management strategies that are lower cost and more feasible to the community. Controling runoff to minimize the amount of water entering the storm sewers and thus minimizing flood occurences will be a top priority, along with trash removal and proper waste disposal.

By educating the residents about their watershed, their impacts, the potential threats, and ways to improve their property, com-munity, and quality of life. Ownership in the clean up and maintenance process as a direct impact on their community will make healthy environmental choices beneficial to the watershed as a whole and much more than a just repairing a stream.

The best way to start seems to be with the children of the community. With in school programs being offered by HCSWCD, field trips to local parks and streams, the Zoo to see rain garden and conservation efforts, thay are a source to spread education to their families about proper lawncare practices, hazardous waste disposal, water conservation, recycling, and composting. After school groups and scout programs can be possible volunteer with clean-ups, plantings, invasives removal, rain garden construction, storm drain marking, and compost bin construction and be educated not only on the environment but get hands on and learn some basic horticulture and construction skills.

The local college students and young professionals help foster the eclectic arts community. Northside Arts is the local arts organization offering an annual holiday arts show, and various arts events held throughout the year in local galleries and parks. We see the potential for local visual artists and musicians to make posters, artwork, gallery fund raises, and fund raisers at local bars and coffee shops to help spread education and aware-ness about the Buttercup Valley Watershed and ways to help reduce runoff and pollutants into the local streams.

Likewise, numerous small locally owned businesses ranging from coffeehouses to yoga studies to sign shops dot Hamilton Ave and Northside’s Historic District. The Northside Business Association is over 100 years old and a driving force in the community. As the area struggles to revitalize itself, improving the natural areas and quality of life will draw people into the community and to the businesses. This is why we see it in the best interest of the local businesses such as the Comet, Happen Inc, Mobo Bike Coop, and more to be concerned with the watershed. By acting as supporters of the Watershed Plan they raise awareness in the community and help drive the change that will in the end help their own business thru increasing the quality of life in Northside, increasing property values, and making the area a place people want to live and be.

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Numerous religious organizations located in North-side have formed Churches Active in Northside, focusing on community help. By welcoming and including these organizations we can access the core of the community. Many local activities and func-tions in the community take place at North Presbyte-rian Church or St.Boniface Church which are the hearts of the community. As places to meet, educate, find volunteers, organize activities, we can help the community help themselves with hands on owner-ship of their watershed.

The area is also a hub for conservation and sustain-ability, with a weekly local Farmer’s Market, Keystone Flora (a local nursery for native plants), and other ‘green’ initiatives taking place. This is a great source of like minded individuals, already concerned with their impacts on the environment. They would be a great source of advice and informa-tion on plants, methods, rain gardens, or other efforts that would be helpful to the watershed.

Northside Communtiy Council and Cincinnati Northside Community Urban Redevelopment Corporation are focused on neighborhood redevel-opment with special interest in green design. With growing revitalization of the area and sustainability a focus of the development, BMP’s for future

Goals Assesment

Spread awareness of issues. Overall Quality of Watershed.See community action.Community initiated efforts.See information within community.

Alteration of improper land use practices. Visual ID within watershed.

Less construction up to channel.Less disposing of waste in channel.

Trash free stream channel. Visual ID.

Use of Recycle bins.Less flood events. Track with Homeowners.

Use of Rain barrels.Rain Gardens constructed.Bioretention swales.Water conservation efforts.Downspouts disconnected from sewer.

Less pollutants entering stream. EPA assessment to not be impaired.Fixed sewer line leak.Hazardous waste disposal sites.Limited lawn chemical use.

No yardwaste thrown in channel. Visual ID within watershed.No brush piles near stream.Use of Compost bins.

Riparian zone to be more natural. Visual ID within watershed.Less construction up to channel.Less mowing up to channel.Removal of crossings.

Less invasive species.More trees and shrubs.Artificial bank walls removed.

Separation of sewers and removal of CSO's. Contact MSD, Project Groundwork.

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Outreach to SchoolsCost Priority Feasabilty Time

HCSWCD classroom education. Cost of Materials $$$$$ 1 3 7Field trip oppurtunities. Not a top priority subjectBoy Scouts / Girl Scouts Not a direct impact.

Minority OutreachCost Priority Feasabilty Time

Partner with minority organizations Community centered. Cost of Materials $$$$$ 1 3 7CAIN Boost moral.CNCURC

Simple understandable pamphlets Not a direct impact.Education meetings with food.

Communtiy Outreach Cost Priority Feasabilty Time

Not a direct impact. $$$$$ 1 3 7Lots of organization.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeAddress specific subjects. $$$$$ 1 3 7

TimePamphlets, flyers.Backyard education.

Non-Structural

Benefits

Benefits

Implementation

Implementation

Implementation

Implementation

Benefits

Benefits

Limits

Limits

Limits

Limits

Effective way to pass on information thruoghout the community.

Must be supportive message, not condemning.

Education, language, economic barriers.

Cost of MaterialsEducational meetings.

Homeowner Education

HCSWCD stream walks.Landscaping, lawncare, hosehold hazardous waste, trash management, recycling, water conservation.

Utilize local artists to make posters and informational signage.Have fundraising nights at local bars with local bands.

Effective way to pass on information thruoghout the community.

Involve the local business as resources and advertisers of clean-ups, meetings, and information.

Community involvement and ownership.

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Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeCleans stream. $$$$$ 1 3 7Instant improvement. Possible low level of interest.Habitat improvement.Education oppurtunity.Provides ownership of stream.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeKeeps trash out of environment. Cost of bins if not supplied. $$$$$ 1 3 7Recycles non biodegradables. Getting people to use them.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeInvolvement of community. $$$$$ 1 3 7Habitat improvement.Education oppurtunity.Provides compost for flower beds. Education of composting.

Requires ongoing use.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeMSD sells rain barrels for $55. Direct improvement. $$$$$ 1 3 7Convert old drums to rain barrels.

Create friendly cleaning competitions between churches, schools, scout groups, etc.

Place community recycle dumpsters at churches, schools, civic centers, grocery stores, etc.

Requires maintenance of dumpster sites and continued collection cost.

Benefits

Benefits

Benefits LimitsNeed to advertise.

Limits

Limits

Trash and Debris Removal

Yardwaste Removal

Stream Clean UpImplementation

Organize Clean up events.

LimitsRecycle bins are available to any homeowner who receives city trash collection.

Benefits

Implementation

Implementation

ImplementationRain Barrels

Build compost bins for individuals or community.Scout group project to educate about both composting and bulding.

Labor intense.Cost of materials.Getting people to compost.

CostDecrease flooding by limiting peak runoff.

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Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeEducation oppurtunity. $$$$$ 1 3 7Instant improvement.Provides ownership of stream. Hands on. Needs continued upkeep.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeJump starts habitat. $$$$$ 1 3 7Involvement of community.Habitat improvement. Labor intense.Education oppurtunity.Provides ownership of stream. Hands on. Needs to be maintained.Increases Proprty Value

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeJump starts habitat. $$$$$ 1 3 7Involvement of community.Habitat improvement.Education oppurtunity.Provides ownership of stream. Hands on.Plants can be mulched for use.

Create friendly planting competitions between churches, schools, scout groups, etc.

Create friendly removal competitions between churches, schools, scout groups, etc.

Mulched, composted plants can be used by homwoeners, or sold as a fundraiser.

Benefits

Benefits

Benefits

Limits

Cost of plants if not donated or live cuttings.

Labor intense.Implementation

Limits

LimitsStorm Drain Marking

Implementation

ImplementationOrganize volunteer planting days.

Volunteer oppurtunity for groups, schools, or children.

Wetland Plantings

SuppliesPossible safety issues working around streets.

Invasive Species Removal

Requires property owner permission.

Organize volunteer removal days.

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Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeDirect improvement. $$$$$ 1 3 7Eliminate raw sewage discarge.Increase property value.Improve environment.

Inconvenience.Torn up property.Time.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeDirect improvement. $$$$$ 1 3 7Natural habitat.Increase property value.Improve environment.Decrease flooding.

Inconvenience.Torn up property.Time.

Cost Priority Feasabilty TimeDirect improvement. $$$$$ 1 3 7

Reduces fecal coliform by 90%.Improves visual beauty.Existing basin on site. Time.

Maintenance

Build a retention pond to capture and slowly release storm water runoff, limiting CSO discharge and reducing heath risks.


Requires easements from homeowners.Heavy construction and specialized equipment.

Heavy construction and specialized equipment.

Re-construct stream to have natural meander with a 20-50' buffer zone on either side consisting of erosion resistant native plants.

Riparian Buffer

(After removal of CSO's and sewer separation to determine natural stream volume and flow.)

Requires easements from homeowners.

Wet Retention PondImplementation Benefits Limits

Implementation

MSD separate the sewer and eliminate the CSO's. Requires easements from

homeowners.

BenefitsCost

Heavy construction and specialized equipment.

Limits

CSO Separation Implementation

CostLimitsBenefits

Structural

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LaborMaintenace.

Provides habitat.Improves visual beauty.


Provides habitat. Heavy Construction.Improves visual beauty. Time.

Cost Priority Feasabilty Time$$$$$ 1 3 7

Will be a future benefit.

Limits

Limits

Rain GardensImplementation


LimitsBenefits

Needs to be added to building code.

Bioretention SwalesImplementation


Construct swales along streets to capture storm runoff. Requires easments from

property owners.

Benefits

BenefitsImplementationPervious Surfaces

Require all new construction contain pervious surfaces as opposed to impervious.

Decrease flooding by limiting peak runoff.

Offer rain garden education with support from Keystone Flora (local nursery), Rain Garden Alliance, Cincinnati Zoo, Northside Farmer's Market, etc.

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Government Funding

Stewardship Incentives ProgramType: grantSource: federal fundsAdministration: jointly by Ohio Department of Natural Resources, and the Consolidated Farm Service Agency Eligibility: land owners with riparian property or at least five acres of woodlandAvailability: continuousAllowable uses: tree planting for windbreaks, soil erosion control, riparian corridors and wildlife habitatRequires: forest action plan (prepared by Division of Forestry service forester or consulting forester); 25% cost shareby land ownerDescription: Approximately $450,000 available annually in Ohio.

Wetland Reserve Program (WRP)Type: direct payments/cost-shareSource: federal fundsAdministration: NRCSEligibility: restorable or previously restored wetland areas, including riparian areasAvailability: based on appropriationsAllowable uses: hunting/fishing, non-intensive recreation, and some timber harvesting.Requires: permanent or 30 year easement with right of access for inspection activities.Description: WRP is a voluntary program that offers landowners payments for restoring and protecting wetlands. Itobtains conservation easements from landowners and cost-share payments for wetland restoration.

Section 319 Nonpoint SourceType: grantSource: federal (Water Quality Act of 1987; the “Clean Water Act”)Administration: Ohio EPA, Division of Surface WaterEligibility: non-profit organization or agencyAvailability: annual cycle based on federal fiscal yearAllowable uses: watershed-wide nonpoint source implementation projectsRequires: 40% local match

PL - 566 Small Watershed ProgramType: project grants/direct cost-share payment and technical assistanceSource: federal fundsAdministration: Natural Resources Conservation ServiceEligibility: state agencies, and local governmentsAvailability: based on appropriationAllowable uses: planning and carrying out works of improvement and to protect, develop, and utilize the land and waterresources in small watersheds (<250,000 acres).Requires: Demonstration of meeting statutory requirements; necessary authority by local sponsors; and favorable costbenefitratio. Local sponsors are responsible for obtaining all land rights. Individual land users in watershed protectionprojects are responsible for 35% of the cost for BMPs.Description: NRCS works with local sponsors to plan and implement watershed protection-and flood preventionbasedprojects in small watersheds.

Source: Ohio EPA

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Government Funding

Research and Development GrantType: grantSource: state fundsAdministration: Ohio Water Development AuthorityEligibility: (contact the Authority)Availability: continuousAllowable uses: development of projects and concepts that otherwise might not be possible due to limited resources

Nonpoint Source Watershed Grants Program (319 Grants)Type: small grants to SWCDsSource: state fundsAdministration: ODNR, Division of Soil and Water ConservationEligibility: SWCDs and their local partnersAvailability: ongoingAllowable uses: cost sharing on BMPs, site inspections for erosion control, activities that result in direct implementationof NPS controlsRequires: application by SWCD to Ohio EPA Division of Surface WaterDescription: Small (less than $20,000), one-time grants for innovative NPS controls that are ineligible for other typesof state funding.

Ohio Environmental Education FundType: grantSource: state fundsAdministration: Ohio EPA, Ohio Environmental Education FundEligibility: nonprofit or tax-exempt organizations, educational institu-tions, governmentAvailability: semi-annual funding cycleAllowable uses: environmental education for Ohio residentsRequires: (contact the Ohio Environmental Education Fund)Description: Through 1993, the Ohio Environmental Education Fund provided $225,000 for 21 NPS-related projects.

Nonpoint Source Education GrantType: grantSource: state and federal fundsAdministration: ODNR, Division of Soil and Water ConservationEligibility: nonprofit or tax-exempt organizations, educational institu-tions in collaboration with soil and waterconservation districtsAvailability: annual cycleAllowable uses: nonpoint source educationRequires: (contact the Division of Soil and Water Conservation)Description: The Ohio Soil and Water Conservation Commission has appropriated approximately $120,000 per yearfor education projects since 1991.

Source: Ohio EPA

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Sources

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"EPA WATERS Homepage." US Environmental Protection Agency . Web. 24 Dec. 2011. <http://www.epa.gov/waters/>.

"Zip Code Tabulation Area 45223." Census Bureau Home Page. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. <http://www.census.gov/>.

"CAGIS Online." Map. Cincinnati Area GIS. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. <http://cagisonline.hamilton-co.org/cagisonline/index.html>.

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