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Watershed Hydrology Tools
Anju Gaur, Senior Water Resources Specialist
October 27, 2021
www.worldbank.org/water | www.blogs.worldbank.org/water | @WorldBankWater
India: National Hydrology Project
47 Implementing Agencies
HP-I (1995-2003)
HP-II (2006-2014)
NHP (2017-25)
http://nhp.mowr.gov.in/HomeNew/NHPIndexnew.aspx
– Technology is now making it possible to have data at the national platform automatically
Reliable
One Data One Nation
Open data
India: National Hydrology Project
Historical and Real time data at National Platform (IndiaWRIS)
Surface water> 10,000 locations Ground water> 70,000 locations Water Budget/Audit
http://www.india-wris.gov.in
India: National Hydrology Project
Hydro-met Sensors
Water Level Recorder
Digital GW Recorder
Automatic Weather Stations Water Quality Station
River FlowSnow Pillow
India: National Hydrology Project
https://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/nhp/
Advanced applications:
➢ VIC water budget model is operational
➢ Online SWAT model is under development
0
1200 mm
0
600 mm
0
600 mm
Rainfall Runoff Evapotranspiration
Cumulative Water Balance Components from 01st June – 30th Sept 2020
West Bengal: ArcGIS online tool
Prioritization of watersheds
1. Ratio of existing water bodyarea to cropped area, and
2. Socio-economic factors
3. Red and yellow ones areprioritized watersheds inorder to address criticalrainfed area
Western Zone: Watershed Model
Open wells
Ponds
Check Dams
Plantation
Flow Accumulation Line
PUMP DUGWELL
Check Dam
Socio Economic Rank Map of CatchmentChecking meandering
stream through highresolution satellite image
GIS Online Tools: Planninghttps://wbadmip.org/GISWEB/map1.htm
POURPOINT
Area (Ha) 1439.75
Max Flow length (m) 6665.28
Runoff Coefficient 0.53
Time of Concentration(hr)
2.23
2 Yr 24 hr Avg Rainfall (mm)
90
Ic (mm/hr) 43.61
Return Period 25
Run Off (cum/sec) 93.12
Afflux 1
Weir Height (m) 47.68
Perimeter (m) 20161.32
Interactive Tool - To demarcate Catchment area and generate associated Hydraulic data
Landuse/Landcover
GIS Online Tool: Check Dam Design
Catchment area elevation: Scroll the mouse, it wlll show the
elevation
Bottom bar has: Imagery date, Lat/Long/ Elevation
WDS pondage area should be at lowest point of catchment and
should not be existing water body
Command area: Not cropped during December or later it mean
in absence of irrigation facility only kharif crop is grown
GIS online tool: Pond
Source: Biradar, ICARDA
0.9
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
fitted
EVI
NDVI
fitted NDVI EVI
Linear (fitted EVI) Linear (fittedNDVI)
NASA
GEE tools:
Water Body area analytics (Since 1980)based on Landsat (30)
https://codes.users.earthengine.app/view/gsw
GEE tools:
Water Body area analytics (Since 2016)based on Sentinel (10 m)
Sentinel 10 m for very small water bodies: https://code.earthengine.google.com/da9a6c153a6631df6d4dd90a374345da
GEE tools:
Prioritizing cascade of tanks for improvement in a watershed
GEE tools:
Watershed performance assessment Tool
Google Earth Engine tools:
Watershed performance parameters
Rainfall
Waterbody area
Rabi crop area
Crop productivity
Crop water use
Conclusion
Planning and monitoring tool
Water Budgeting Tool
Cloud computing tools
for Planning and
monitoring to guide
the investment
Area (Ha) 1439.75
Max Flow length (m)
6665.28
Runoff Coefficient
0.53
Time of Concentration(hr)
2.23
2 Yr 24 hr Avg Rainfall (mm)
90
Ic (mm/hr) 43.61
Return Period 25
Run Off(cum/sec)
93.12
Afflux 1
Weir Height (m) 47.68
Perimeter (m) 20161.32
POURPOINT
Interactive tool To demarcate Catchment area and generate associate data
Flow Accumulation Line
PUMP DUGWELL
Check Dam
Landuse/LandcoverMap of the catchment
Socio-Economic rank Map of Catchment
Contour map of the catchment
Check Dam After Construction
Check Dam During Construction Elevation Profile
Checking meandering stream throughhigh resolution Satellite image
Planning, Selection & Monitoring of Schemes through WEB GIS
