WaterWater

Water’s chemical formula is Water’s chemical formula is HH22OO

made of two hydrogens atoms made of two hydrogens atoms and 1 oxygen atomand 1 oxygen atom

formed by covalent bondsformed by covalent bonds

The water molecule is not The water molecule is not symmetricalsymmetrical

hydrogens bonds at an 104.5 hydrogens bonds at an 104.5 angle angleWater is a polar moleculeWater is a polar molecule

Electrons are shared unevenlyElectrons are shared unevenlyspend more time around spend more time around the oxygenthe oxygen

giving the oxygen a weak giving the oxygen a weak negative charge and the negative charge and the hydrogen a weak positive hydrogen a weak positive chargecharge

Water molecules have Water molecules have distinctive regions “pole” with distinctive regions “pole” with opposite electric chargesopposite electric charges

Hydrogen BondsHydrogen Bonds

Water forms Water forms bonds between bonds between two water two water molecules molecules called called hydrogen hydrogen bond.bond.

Unique properties of Unique properties of waterwater

Universal solventUniversal solvent – – will dissolve ionic will dissolve ionic compounds easily compounds easily because their because their opposite charges opposite charges are attracted to are attracted to different parts of different parts of the water moleculethe water molecule

Water sticks to other polar Water sticks to other polar moleculesmolecules

cohesioncohesion – – attraction between attraction between two water molecules giving water two water molecules giving water a high surface tensiona high surface tension

adhesionadhesion – – attraction between attraction between water and another polar moleculewater and another polar molecule

water stores heat efficiently-water stores heat efficiently- water heats more slowly and water heats more slowly and retains heat longerretains heat longer

Water is Water is lessless dense as a dense as a solid than a liquidsolid than a liquid

the crystal structure of ice takes up the crystal structure of ice takes up more space than liquid watermore space than liquid water

solid water (ice) floatssolid water (ice) floats