Water Quality Management PPT

7/30/2019 Water Quality Management PPT

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Water Quality Management

Seperation Engineers Pvt. Ltd.,

www.balasubramanian.org

LECTURE
http://www.balasubramanian.org/http://www.balasubramanian.org/


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Consultant:P.BALASUBRAMANIAN B.E.,

M.Sc.(Engg.) F.I.E.(Ind)

Chairman & Managing Director

SEPERATION ENGINEERS PVT.LTD.Chennai


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Water-General,resources,management

Water and waste water Treatment

Water Parameters

Water quality control

Discussion

OVERVIEW


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Normal=140 lpdCity = 110 lpd

Town = 70 lpd Rural = 30-40 lpdChennai city=700-900 MLD Telugu ganga =100 MLD,


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Poondi=3230 MCFT=323 kodi kanaadi

Cholavaram=880 MCFT

Chembarambakkam=3650 MCFTRedhills =3300 MCFT

Total =11057 MCFT

IVCRL,Minjur=500 crore,Desal,100MLD,200days,0.5 TMC,Rs.48.66/m3,2008,TN Newyr,15MLD ready

Chembarambakkam=530 MLD plant

Chennais water position


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Environment Sustainability Index

ESI for India water:-0.96

Tap water quality is less than Int. Stds.High no of water borne diseases in India

Our W.T.P. is old and not upgraded

Water quality is bad in Delhi and Chennai

Excessive growth of algae in lake 2100-sea water=30 cm rise

Temperature of atmosphere=4.1C rise

Environment Pollution


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Pollution-outer ecology

Internal use

Scarce commodity

Six children/min due to polluted drinking water

Why treat water and

waste water


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Types of waste water

Refinery

Petrochemical

Chemical Steel

Paper

Sewage

Food

Rain

Fire water

Service water

Process waterDrinking water

Cooling water

Boiler Feed water

Softwater

Polished water


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Temperature

Colour

Odour

Turbidity

Physical quality of waste

water


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BOD=Oxygen required to consume bio-degradable organics

COD=Oxygen required to consume both organicand inorganic compounds

TS = TSS+TDS

pH

AlkalinityD.O

Terminologies


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Total Solids-375 to 1800 mg/l

BOD -110 to 400 mg/l

COD -200 to 780 mg/l

pH -6.7 to 7.5

Alkalinity -50 to 200 mg/l

Hardness -180 to 350 mg/l

Quality of Raw Domestic Wastewater


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Alkalinity as caco3,mg/lit=150

Chloride = 35

Sulfate = 11

EMA = 46

Total Hardness = 150

Silica = 25

Raw water analysis


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Major unit operations

Screening

Grit Removal

Suspended growth

biological reactor

Attached growth

biological reactor

Secondary clarifier

Disinfection

Coagulation

Remove objects

Remove material

Remove organics

activated sludge

Remove organics

trickling filter

Sedimentation

Pathogens

S.S,BOD,P


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pH =7.5-8.5

Hardness = Nil

Oil and fat = Nil Turbidity = Nil

Silica = 0.2

Total solids,ppm =1.0

Conductivity =3.0 Free chlorine =nil

D.M.Water Analysis


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Substance/Test Unit Desirable Limit

Physical Turbidity NTU 5

Chemical pH Number 6.5-8.5

Hardness As (CaCo)

Mg/1

300

Chloride (asCl)mg/1 250

Iron (as Fe)mg/1 0.3

Nitrate (as No)mg/1 45

Fluoride (as F)mg/1 1.0

Residual Chlorine Mg/1 0.2-0.5

Arsenic (as A) mg/1 0.05

Bacteriological Coliforms MPN/100ml 10

E Coli MPN/100ml 0


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Total solids mg/lit =500Colour units = 5

Turbidity units = 5Taste and odour =nilFe =0.3Ca =75

Mg =50So4 =200Cl2 =200pH =7.5-8.5

WHO Standards


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pH=7.8

TSS=


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Major unit operations

Screening

Grit Removal

Suspended growth

biological reactor

Attached growth

biological reactor

Secondary clarifier

Disinfection

Coagulation

Remove objects

Remove material

Remove organics

activated sludge

Remove organics

trickling filter

Sedimentation

Pathogens

S.S,BOD,P


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Common Effluent treatment Plants-

Tanneries Treatment methodolgy

Take care of:

Sodium Chloride Chromium Salts

S.S

BOD

FOUR STEPS:

Segregate waste

Py.Treatment Sy.biological treatment

Disposal of solid waste


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Chloride waste to solar pond

Other stream to inlet chamber

Screen and grit chamber Lime dosing

Clarifier units

Anaerobic lagoon

Aerobic lagoon Sludge drying beds

Vaniyambadi tannery


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pH=7.5-10

Total solids=10000-25000

Suspended solids=1250-6000

BOD=2000-3000

Typical analysis of

tannery effluent


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Suspended solids=100Dissolved solids =2000 pH =5.5.-9Oil =10 BOD =5COD =30Cr =2

Lead =1Ni =3 Sulpate =1000Chloride =1000

Tolerance limits-TNPCB


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Primary treatment

Secondary treatment

Tertiary treatment (or advanced treatment)

Stages of Treatment


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Oil Separation

Screening

EqualizationSedimentation

Neutralization

Flotation

Primary treatment


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Activated Sludge Process Extended Aeration Process

Contact Stabilization Aerated Lagoons Wastewater Stabilization Ponds Trickling Filters

Anaerobic treatment

2 Secondary treatment


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Integration of biological treatment & membraneseperation

High turbidity waters,>20NTUHigh organic loads,TOC>10mg/l

High biological contamination

No conventional pretreatment

98% BOD is removed

UF mebranes pore size=0.45 microns

MBR-Membrane bio-

reactor


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SLUDGE TREATMENT

1.Thickening1. Gravity

2. 2.Flotation3. Centrifugation

2. Stabilization1. Chiorine oxidation2. Lime stabilization

3. Heat treatment4. Aerobic digestion5. Anaerobic digestion

3. Conditioning1. Chemical2. Heat treatment

Sludge from Treatment Process


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4. Dewatering1. Vacuum filter

2. Filter press

3. Horizontal belt filter4. Centrifugation

5. Drying beds

5. Disposal1. Land application

2. Composting3. Land filling

4. Incineration

5. Recalcination

Sludge Treatment


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Satisfactory service to customers

Keep wastage to minimum

Efficient control of manpower and supplies

Efficient and economical maintenance

Good and smooth operation

Approved plans to meet emergencies

Training of human resources

Keep quality within approved norms

Water Quality

management


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1 U.S.Gallon=3.785 litres=0.833 Imp. Gallon 1 M3=35.31 cft=264.2 U.S.Gallon=220 Imp Gallon 1 ppm=1 mg/lit

1 hp=0.746kw Al2(So4)3.18H2o,Na2Al2o4,Fecl3 Quick lime 90% Cao PolyelectrolytesAnionic-ionize to form negative sitesCationic-ionize to form positive sitesNon ionic-slight ionization

Jar TestDosage,pH,floc size,settling characteristics,floc forming time,water

clarity

Units and Formulae


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Jar Test

Dosage

pH

floc size

settling characteristics

floc forming time

water clarity

Jar Test


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Thanks

Documents

Water Quality Management PPT