Upload
darcy-dixon
View
220
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Temperature Most important factor governing life processes and the distribution of organisms High Specific heat of water allows it to absorb or lose lots of heat without changing temperature much
Citation preview
Water• Properties
– Surface Tension
– Viscosity
– Changes in State
Temperature
• High Specific heat of water allows it to absorb or lose lots of heat without changing temperature much
• Most important factor governing life processes and the distribution of organisms
Temperature
• SST (Sea Surface Temperature) varies with latitude and ranges between -1.9 º - 40 º C
Temperature
• Surface Mixed Layer (Redish Color): water layer of almost uniform temperature caused by mixing from wind and waves
• Thermocline (Green): area where temperature changes rapidly with depth
• Deep Ocean (Blue): gradual temperature change (water temp between 0 - 4 º C)
Temperature
• Depth profile of temperature from South to North in Atlantic Ocean
Temperature
• SST can be used to designate biogeographic zones• Organisms adapted to specific temp ranges
– Ectotherm– Endotherm
Salinity• Weight (grams) of inorganic salts dissolved in 1 kg of
water– Units are ‰ or psu (Practical Salinity Units)
Salinity• Where do Salts come from?
Salinity
Salinity
• What impacts salinity in the oceans?
• Ocean Salinity ranges between 32 - 38 psu (34.7 psu average)
Salinity
Salinity Profile of the Atlantic Ocean
Salinity• Why do we care about salinity as biologists?
– Salinity will impact the salt content inside organisms bodies
– Affects the buoyancy of pelagic organisms
– Partly impacts the density of water
Salinity
Diffusion: molecules tend to migrate away from regions of higher concentrations to areas of lower concentrations
Salinity
Osmosis: movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from areas of low salt content to areas ofhigh salt content
• Osmoconformer• Osmoregulator
Salinity