Waste statistics in the Framework for the Development of ... · Environment statistics on waste provide important information to policymakers to support the protection of the environment.*

National Workshop on Environment Statistics and Climate Change Statistics

St. George’s, Grenada, 12-14 November 2019

2. Environmental Resources and

their Use

3. Residuals

4. Extreme Events and Disasters

6. Environmental

Protection, Management and

Engagement

5. Human

Settlements and Environmental

Health

1.Environmental Conditions and

Quality

Waste statistics in the Framework for the Development

of Environment Statistics

2. Environmental Resources and their Use

3.

Residuals


6. Environmental Protection, Management and Engagement

5. Human Settlements and Environmental Health

1.

Environmental Conditions and Quality

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Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

This presentation has been elaborated by the Environment Statistics Section of the United Nations Statistics Division.

It is based on segments of Chapters 3 of the…


their Use

3. Residuals


6. Environmental


Engagement

5. Human


Health


Quality


3.

Residuals




1.



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Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

1. Describe why waste and waste statistics are important2. Demonstrate demand for waste statistics via two processes

at international level (UNSD/UNEP Questionnaire on Environment Statistics; Sustainable Development Goal Agenda).

3. Show how waste statistics feature within the Framework for the Development of Environment Statistics (FDES).

4. Request your participation in a breakout group exercise where you are invited to compile waste-related Sustainable Development Goal indicators.


their Use

3. Residuals


6. Environmental


Engagement

5. Human


Health


QualityOutline…


3.

Residuals




1.



Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

* Source: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environment/FDES/MS_3.3.1_3.3.2_Waste.pdf page 2.

Environment statistics on waste provide important information to policymakers to support the protection of the environment.*

Issues arising include: air pollution, water and soil contamination; increasing volumes of hazardous waste, such as electrical and electronic waste, and other wastes such as plastics.*

Waste management policies are moving towards a focus on prevention and minimisation of waste under the concept of the circular economy.*

https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environment/FDES/MS_3.3.1_3.3.2_Waste.pdf

* Source: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environment/FDES/MS_3.3.1_3.3.2_Waste.pdf page 2.

Circular economy concept* (as opposed to “cradle to grave”)

https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environment/FDES/MS_3.3.1_3.3.2_Waste.pdf

Source: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/questionnaire

https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/questionnaire

The Sustainable Development Goals

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Target 11.6: By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management.

Indicator 11.6.1: Proportion of urban solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge out of total urban solid waste generated, by cities

Related to table UNSD/UNEP Questionnaire on table R5 on Municipal Waste Management in Cities

Indicator 11.6.1: Proportion of urban solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge

out of total urban solid waste generated, by cities (tier II)• Custodian Agencies: UN-Habitat and UNSD; partner agencies: UN Environment Programme• UNSD participating in UN Environment and UN-HABITAT Joint Expert Group Meeting on

Waste SDG indicators 11.6.1, 12.4.2, 12.5.1 (participating in refinements to methodologies)• Issues:

• No internationally agreed definition of urban solid waste • What is adequate final discharge? Could it be (recycling) + (composting) +

(incineration with energy recovery)?• Denominator: Waste "collected" or "generated" ? => Difficult to estimate

municipal waste generated.• OECD/Eurostat do not collect data at the city level. Eurostat did a pilot at the

European regions level => No city level for "developed" countries.• Available metadata are here: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-11-06-01.pdfTable R5, line:

Category Unit

2 Total amount of municipal waste generated

1000 t7 Recycling8 Composting10 Incineration with energy recovery

Indicator = (Lines 7 + 8 + 10)/Line 2

https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-11-06-01.pdf

Table R5: Management of Municipal Waste – City DataLine Category Unit1 Total population of the city 1000 inh.2 Total amount of municipal waste generated 1000 t3 Percentage of city population served by municipal waste collection %4 Municipal waste collected from households5 Municipal waste collected from other origins6 Total amount of municipal waste collected (=4+5)

7 Amounts going to: Recycling8 Composting9 Incineration10 of which: with energy recovery11 Landfilling12 of which: controlled landfilling13 Other, please specify in the footnote

1000 t

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

Indicator 12.4.2: Hazardous waste generated per capita and proportion of hazardous waste treated, by type of treatment (Table R2: Management of Hazardous Waste)

Indicator 12.5.1: National recycling rate, tons of material recycled (Table R1: Generation of Waste by Source; Table R2: Management of Hazardous Waste; and Table R3: Management of Municipal Waste)

Indicator 12.4.2: Hazardous waste generated per capita andproportion of hazardous waste treated, by type of treatment (tier III)

• Custodian Agencies: UN Environment Programme (more specifically the BRS Secretariat) and UNSD; partner agencies: OECD and Eurostat

• UNSD involved in the methodology and data collection• Issues:

• Terminology of the UNSD/UN Environment Programme Questionnaire and national reports under the Basel Convention not harmonized.

• Definition of treatment: recycled and incinerated or incinerated with energy recovery? (The Basel Convention does not have a definition of treatment)

• Year of treatment can be different from year of generation.• Work plan available here: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/tierIII-indicators/files/Tier3-12-04-02.pdf

Table R2, line: Category Unit

2 Hazardous waste generated during the yeartonnes6 Recycling

7 Incineration

Indicator c = Line 7/Line 2

Indicator b = Line 6/Line 2

Indicator a = Line 2/Population

https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/tierIII-indicators/files/Tier3-12-04-02.pdf

Indicator 12.5.1: National recycling rate, tons of material recycled (tier III)

• Custodian Agencies: UN Environment Programme and UNSD; partner agencies: OECD and Eurostat

• Difficult to have statistics representing all waste, and other types of waste (hazardous waste) already monitored by other indicators => use of municipal waste as a proxy.

• Discussion with respect to municipal waste “collected” as opposed to municipal waste “generated” is also a feature (as in indicator 11.6.1).

• Should “composting” and “incineration with energy recovered” be excluded or included?

• Inclusion of imports-exports of municipal waste?• Work plan available here: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/tierIII-

indicators/files/Tier3-12-05-01.pdf

Table R3, line: Category Unit

1 Total amount of municipal waste generated

1000 t4 Total amount of municipal waste collected7 Municipal waste managed in the country8 Recycling

Indicator = Line 8/Line 1

Indicator = Line 8/Line 7; or Indicator = Line 8/Line 1; or

https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/tierIII-indicators/files/Tier3-12-05-01.pdf

Contents of Component 3: Residuals Contains statistics on the amount and characteristics of residuals generated by

human production and consumption processes, their management, and their final release to the environment.

Residuals: are flows of solid, liquid and gaseous materials, and energy, that are

discarded, discharged or emitted by establishments and households through processes of production, consumption or accumulation.

may be discarded, discharged or emitted directly to the environment or be captured, collected, treated, recycled or reused.

Component 3: Residuals

The FDES covers the main groups of residuals that are emissions of substances to air, water or soil, wastewater and waste, and the release of residuals from the application of chemical substances.

Generally, emissions are analysed by the type of receiving environment (air, water or soil) and type of substance.

Statistics on residuals must be broken down according to the economic activity that generated them, based on ISIC.

Component 3Residuals

Sub-Component 3.1Emissions to Air (3 topics, 20 statistics)

Topic 3.1.1: Emissions of greenhouse gasesTopic 3.1.2: Consumption of ozone depleting substancesTopic 3.1.3: Emissions of other substances

Sub-Component 3.2Generation and Management of Wastewater (3 topics, 11 statistics)

Topic 3.2.1: Generation and pollutant content of wastewaterTopic 3.2.2: Collection and treatment of wastewaterTopic 3.2.3: Discharge of wastewater to the environment

Sub-Component 3.3Generation and Management of Waste(2 topics, 20 statistics)

Topic 3.3.1: Generation of wasteTopic 3.3.2: Management of waste

Sub-Component 3.4Release of Chemical Substances(1 topic, 7 statistics)

Topic 3.4.1: Release of chemical substances

Component 3: Overview

This topic includes statistics describing the amount of waste generated before any collection or treatment, by waste type, and by generator (by economic activity (by ISIC) and households).

Statistics on waste generation are usually estimated from the records of the economic units engaged in waste collection, treatment and disposal.

Hazardous waste is a special group of waste that, due to its toxic or other hazardous character, requires special management and is controlled by law in many countries.

The Basel Convention, a multilateral environmental agreement, focuses on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous waste across international borders and establishes criteria for the environmentally sound management of such waste.

Reporting needs under this convention include the generation of hazardous waste, as well as the imports and exports of hazardous waste covered in Topic 3.3.2: Management of Waste.

Sub-Component 3.3: Generation and Management of Waste

Topic 3.3.1: Generation of waste

Sub-Component 3.3: Generation and Management of WasteTopic 3.3.1: Generation of waste

Includes statistics on: (i) the amount of waste collected and transported to treatment

facilities or final disposal; (ii) the amount of waste treated and disposed of by type of

treatment and disposal (e.g., reuse, recycling, composting, incineration, landfilling, other);

(iii)the physical infrastructure for waste treatment and disposal, including the number and capacity of treatment and disposal plants; and

(iv)other relevant information.


Topic 3.3.2: Management of waste


Topic 3.3.2: Management of waste

Reference document for compiling waste statistics…

https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/fdes/manual_bses.cshtml


Exercise in three breakout groups…Going from waste statistics to indicators

•Group A: Calculating SDG indicator 11.6.1: Proportion of urban solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge out of total urban solid waste generated, by cities

•Group B: Calculating SDG indicator 12.4.2:Hazardous waste generated per capita and proportion of hazardous waste treated, by type of treatment

•Group C: Calculating SDG indicator 12.5.1: National recycling rate, tons of material recycled

By calculating these indicators, what practical issues did you encounter?

How can countries ensure that the sources of data can be communicated to those international agencies (e.g. UNSD) who are collecting the data?

I hope this demonstrated that:1. once statistics are achieved, indicators may be

achievable very soon thereafter.2. Proxies (with footnotes or descriptions attached)

are far better than no indicators. E.g. “Data refer to city X only.”

Questions to consider:• Issues with definitions?• Check SDG metadata/workplan?• Adding footnotes

27

Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8The Sustainable Development GoalsMake cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainableIndicator 11.6.1: Proportion of urban solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge out of total urban solid waste generated, by cities (tier II)Table R5: Management of Municipal Waste – City DataEnsure sustainable consumption and production patternsIndicator 12.4.2: Hazardous waste generated per capita and�proportion of hazardous waste treated, by type of treatment (tier III)Indicator 12.5.1: National recycling rate, tons of material recycled (tier III)Contents of Component 3: ResidualsComponent 3: ResidualsSlide Number 18Slide Number 19Sub-Component 3.3: Generation and Management of WasteSlide Number 21Sub-Component 3.3: Generation and Management of WasteSlide Number 23Slide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27

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Waste statistics in the Framework for the Development of ... · Environment statistics on waste provide important information to policymakers to support the protection of the environment.*