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• Washington was inaugurated in NY – Set precedents on how to run our country
• Congress set up departments within the branch
• Constitution did not establish names or limit number of departments
• Washington set up first three departments in summer 1789
• Washington appointed the department leaders who became his advisors
Handle relations with other
nations/foreign affairs
1st Secretary
Current – John Kerry
Deal with national
financial matters
1st SecretaryCurrent - Jacob Lew
1st SecretaryProvide for
national defense
Current – Chuck Hagel
President’s legal advisor & responsible for enforcement of national laws
Current – Eric Holder, Jr.
• Became known as the President’s “Cabinet”
• Constitution does not say the President must use them to advise him on decisions – Washington used these men to make critical national decisions
Departments of the President’s Cabinet• Agriculture• Commerce
– Trade/sales & purchases• Defense (formerly War)• Education• Energy• Health & Human Services
– Protects health & offer those services to Americans
• State• Transportation• Veteran Affairs
– Works for veterans of America
• Homeland Security– Protects America & its people
• Housing & Urban Development– Home ownership &
community growth• Justice
– Enforce law• Labor
– Welfare of job seekers• Interior
– Protects natural & cultural heritage of U.S.A.
• Treasury
Court System• Judiciary Act of
1789– Create a federal
court system
• Sup. Court assigned 6 justices– John Jay appointed
as Chief Justice
• 3 courts of appeals• District court in each
state
• Began the year of Washington’s inauguration– Originally seen as a good
thing in America
• By 1793, the Revolution turned bloody
• Many Americans were offended by the violence, attacks on religion, disregard of individual liberties
• Britain went to war with France in 1793
SUSTAIN NEUTRALITY• France wanted us to
help in war with Britain– They were our allies in the
Revolution
• Washington encouraged neutrality – Discouraged American
involvement
• Proclamation of Neutrality– Prohibited Americans fighting
in overseas war– Barred warships in American
ports
American Treaties• Washington sent John Jay,
chief justice of the Supreme Court, to negotiate a treaty
• Jay’s Treaty– British withdraw from America, pay
damages, & allow some ships to trade in the Caribbean
• Many Americans wanted trade with British West Indies, which it did not open
• Thomas Pinckney created a treaty with Spain to resolve trade on the Mississippi
• France was outraged & saw this as dealing with the devil