WASHINGTON ANIMAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY · Snekvik, Kevin Associate Professor, Section Head, ACVP Diplomate Thompson, Jim Laboratory Manager Lecoq, Merri Microbiologist 1

WASHINGTON ANIMAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY

Annual Report

FY 2013

July 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013

Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine Bustad Hall 155N P.O. Box 647034 Pullman, WA 99164-7034

Avian Health and Food Safety Laboratory Washington State University 2607 W. Pioneer Way Puyallup, WA 98371-4990

WASHINGTON ANIMAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY - ANNUAL REPORT FY 2013

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SUMMARY OF DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY WORK

July 1, 2012 – June 30, 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS WADDL Mission and Values 3 WADDL Annual Highlights 4-7 Definitions 8 WADDL Faculty, Staff, and Graduate Students 9-10 5-Year Total Accession Information (FY2009 - FY2013) 11 5-Year Total Laboratory Test Information (FY2009 - FY2013) 12 WADDL Accessions by State and by WA County 13 WADDL Budget and Budget Sources 14-15 5-Year WADDL Accessions by Laboratory Section (FY2009-FY2013) Total WADDL Tests by Species of Animal (FY2012 - FY2013)

16 16

Laboratory Examinations by Laboratory Section (FY2012 - FY2013) 17-22 Avian Health and Food Safety Laboratory Pathology Parasitology Aquatic Health Virology Molecular Diagnostics Bacteriology Serology Immunohistochemistry Antigen Detection (Infectious Agent) Toxicology

17 17 18 18 18 19 19 20 21 21 22

WADDL Quality System Highlights and Proficiency Tests 23 Publications

Presentations (Poster Sessions, Letters, Invited Addresses) Book Chapters, Books, Book Reviews Peer-reviewed Journal Articles

24-31 24-26 26-27 27-31


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Mission

Our mission is to provide accurate, state-of-the-art, timely, and cost-effective diagnostic services, consultation, disease surveillance and outreach in order to safeguard animal health, the food supply and public health and to contribute to the academic mission of the University and College of Veterinary Medicine through discovery, scholarly activity, and education.

Values As a combined service and educational unit within a land grant University, the Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (WADDL) occupies a unique position that links the University to public and private stakeholders. We recognize and value the importance of our role in providing a positive, responsive interface between Washington State University and the animal and public health community, and between our stakeholders and the academic community. We value collegial service and outreach to our constituents, which include the practicing veterinary community, the agricultural animal industry, animal and public health regulatory agencies, companion animal owners, and the general public. We also place a very high value on quality, both in service to and communication with our clientele. In addition to general diagnostics, we endorse and highly value the critical role we play in surveillance and detection of emerging and exotic diseases, whether introduced accidentally or deliberately with intention to disrupt the nation’s food supply. We value our role as a reference laboratory, our role in helping to assure a safe food supply, our vital contribution to maintaining international trade of agricultural animal products, our critical role in public health, and our ability to contribute to the discipline of diagnostic medicine through education and training of professional veterinary diagnosticians and discovery of new knowledge. The Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory is guided by a commitment to excellence, and endorses the core values of Washington State University, including Quality and Excellence, Integrity, Trust and Respect, Discovery, Innovation and Creativity, Land-Grant Ideals, Diversity and Global Citizenship, Freedom of Expression, & Stewardship and Accountability.


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WADDL Highlights

1. Animal Health and Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Testing (Animals Tested):

Aquatic Health Viral Culture screening

Epizootic hematopoietic necrosis virus

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus

Oncorhynchus masou virus

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus

Infectious salmon anemia virus

Spring Viremia of Carp

8,190

Aquatic Health Bacterial screening 6,892

Aquatic Health Bacterial Kidney Disease 3,626

Aquatic Health PCR

Avian influenza

1,560

8,102

Bovine anaplasmosis 5,926

Bovine brucellosis 13,198

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) 7,512

Bovine trichomoniasis 2,183

Bovine Virus Diarrhea Virus-Persistent Infection–Cattle 7,472

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus 16,544

Caseous Lymphadenitis (sheep and goats) 8,670

Johne’s disease (Bovine, Ovine, Caprine) 7,811

Leptospirosis (multiple species) 7,557

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Bighorn and Domestic Sheep) 3,235

Selenium (multiple species) 1,688

Sheep Scrapie 1,371

Trace Element and Metals (multiple species) 1,516


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Program surveillance testing at WADDL is done through WSU-WADDL programs, specific state or regional interagency agreements or contracts, and WADDL participation in the federal laboratory networks for animal health (National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) of the United States Department of Agriculture (map below)), public health (Laboratory Response Network of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention) and animal foods and feeds (US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Veterinary Response Network (FDA Vet LRN).


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2. New or Continued Surveillance Programs/Contracts/Agreements

USDA National Animal Health Laboratory Network Disease Surveillance Program (African Swine Fever, Avian Influenza, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Classical Swine Fever, Chronic Wasting Disease, Exotic Newcastle’s Disease, Foot and Mouth Disease, Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus, Pseudorabies, Rinderpest, Scrapie)

FDA-Center of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Investigation and Response Network for Contamination Events in Animal Foods and Feeds

FDA-Center of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Agreement for Surveillance of Salmonella Carriage in Dogs and Cats

Washington Department of Agriculture (WSDA)-WADDL Interagency Agreement o Disease Surveillance (Bovine and cervid brucellosis, Porcine

pseudorabies, Bovine trichomoniasis, Bovine tuberculosis) o Foreign Animal Disease Outbreak Investigation

Washington Horse Racing Commission Postmortem Examination Program

Washington State Department of Health o CDC Laboratory Response Network for Bioterrorism o West Nile Virus Testing Program

Aquatic Health o California Department of Fish and Game o Montana Whirling Disease Testing Program o Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory Aquatic Diagnostic

Program o Nebraska Game and Parks Commission Fish Health Inspection Program o New Mexico Fish and Game Department o Wyoming Game and Fish Department

Arizona National Poultry Improvement Plan Surveillance

California Department of Fish and Game Bighorn Sheep Surveillance

Nevada Department of Agriculture Diagnostic Services

Nevada Department of Wildlife: Bighorn Sheep Surveillance

Arizona Department of Game and Fish: Bighorn Sheep Surveillance


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3. Personnel Changes (New or Lateral Hires): Retired Staff Dennis Schaberg, Avian Health & Food Safety Lab Departures Talia Blair, Molecular Diagnostics

Holly Hudspeth, Aquaculture Joe Sayler, Immunodiagnostics

Sara Schlee, Immunodiagnostics Kelli Williams, Molecular Diagnostics

New Staff Jennifer Babcock, Histology Judy Boe, Business Office Beth Pepper, Aquaculture

Nadine Timm, Sample Receiving Rebecca Wolking, Molecular Diagnostics

Jeannine Wooten, Molecular Diagnostics & Bacteriology

4. Capital and Equipment Improvements Capital Improvements

Avian Health and Food Safety Laboratory o Necropsy and Biowaste Renewal Project

Avian Health and Food Safety Laboratory o Animal Housing Facility Renewal Project

5. Discovery: Scholarly Activity

WADDL faculty and staff in FY2013 wrote 47 peer-reviewed publications and 18 book chapters, and made 34 presentations at regional, state, or national / international meetings (details in “Publications in WADDL by Faculty and Staff, pages 24-31).


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DEFINITIONS:

Accession: specimen(s) of one animal species or miscellaneous substances

belonging to one owner, and submitted at one time Aquatic Laboratory Exams : each fish or tissue pool tested Bacteriologic Examinations: each tissue sample cultured or examined CY: calendar year (January 1 – December 31) Examination: individual laboratory test or slide examined Fixed Tissue: biopsy or necropsy tissue submitted in a fixed state FY: Fiscal year (July 1 – June 30) Pathology slides: number of slides examined histologically Pathology tissues: number of tissues examined histologically Immunohistochemistry slides: number of slides examined immunohistochemically Laboratory Animal: rabbits, mice, hamsters, monkeys, rats, guinea pigs, etc. Molecular Diagnostics: each test performed Necropsy: each whole animal examined Parasitology: each test performed Serology: each test performed Toxicology: each analysis performed Virus Isolation: each specimen cultured


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WADDL Personnel Faculty and Staff

Laboratory Section Name Position

Administration

McElwain, Terry Professor, Executive Director

Baszler, Tim Professor, Director

Leathers, Charles Professor, Associate Director

Administration Support Hagen, Kathleen Administrative Manager

Finance Weber, Judy Fiscal Specialist Supervisor

Aukerman, Denise Office Assistant 2

Front Office Olson, Diana Patient Services Supervisor

Boe, Judy

Everett, Erica

Medical Transcriptionist 2

Office Assistant 2

Quality System Lukens, Pat Quality Manager

Alexander, Trevor Quality Assistant

Avian Health and Food

Safety Laboratory

Crespo, Rocio

Associate Professor and Branch Chief

Masse, Jon Laboratory Technician 1

Meyer, Lynn Office Assistant 3

Perry, Stu Microbiologist 1

Warren, Claire Microbiologist 2

Weber, Sylvia Microbiologist 3

Williams, Cheryl Microbiologist 1

Aquatic Health

Snekvik, Kevin

Associate Professor, Section Head,

ACVP Diplomate

Thompson, Jim Laboratory Manager

Lecoq, Merri Microbiologist 1

McMenamin, Katie Microbiologist 2

Reno, Jo-Lynn Laboratory Technician 1

Rockefeller, Joe Microbiologist 2

Bacteriology / Central

Processing/Parasitology

Diaz-Campos, Dubra

Assistant Professor, Section Head,

Teitzel, Charlene Microbiologist 3 / Supervisor

Alexander, Trevor Microbiologist 2

Baisley, Jennifer Laboratory Technician 2

Maddox, Timberly Microbiologist 1

Mellick, Dena Microbiologist 2

Wooten, Jeannine Microbiologist 1

ImmunoDiagnostics /

Virology

Evermann, James

Professor, Section Head

Evans, Lusha Laboratory Manager

Merritt, Catherine Microbiologist 1

Noble, Kathy Microbiologist 2

Tanaka, Lorraine Microbiologist 2

Wang, Tao Scientific Assistant


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Graduate Students

Microbiology Pathology

Hammac, Kenitra Balmer Bethany Munoz, Juan

Huntsberry, Claire Boland, Kathryn Ochoa, Jennine

LeCuyer, Tessa Fry, Lindsay Pastenkos, Gabrielle

Rogovskyy, Artem Macias, Melissa Ramsey, Josh

Sondgeroth, Kerry Magunda, Foregivemore Schmidt, Carrie

Schubiger, Carla

Laboratory Section Name Position

Information Systems Reichardt, Niles Head, Medical Informatics

Wetzel, Jason Info Systems Coordinator

Whiteman, Aaron Info Systems Coordinator

Histology /

Immunohistochemistry Leathers, Charles Professor, Section Head

Leonard, Cassie Laboratory Manager

Babcock, Jennifer Histologic Technician 1

Bailey, Gisela Histotechnologist

Beier, Joesph Histologic Technician 1

Smith, Lon Histotechnologist

Molecular Diagnostics Besser, Tom Professor, Section Head,

ACVM Diplomate

Bradway, Dan Laboratory Manager

Blair, Talia Microbiologist 1

Bjorklund, Nicole Microbiologist 1

Wooten, Jeanne Microbiologist 1

Necropsy / Pathology

Baszler, Tim Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Haldorson, Gary Associate Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Lahmers, Kevin Assistant Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Leathers, Charles Professor, ACLAM Diplomate

Nelson, Danielle

Potter, Kathleen

Assistant Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Associate Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Snekvik, Kevin Associate Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Stanton, James Assistant Professor, ACVP Diplomate

Prahinski, Kip Laboratory Technician 2

Sample Receiving Baszler, Timothy Professor, Director, Section Head

Timm, Nadine Laboratory Manager

Yager, Patricia Laboratory Technician 1

Toxicology Talcott, Patricia Professor, Section Head

ABVT Diplomate


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Annual Total Accession (Case) Information

The 5-year trend from FY2009 - FY2013 in WADDL accessions (client cases processed) was upward, increasing from 17,675 in 2009 to 18,566 in 2013 (+5.0%). In FY 2013 WADDL-Pullman received 82.6% of total accessions and WADDL-AHFSL received 17.4% of total accessions. Compared to FY 2012, FY 2013 total WADDL accessions decreased 5.0% (-989 accessions), reflecting a 2.4% decrease at Pullman (-382 accessions) and a 15.8% decrease at AHFSL (-607 accessions).

17,675 18,106 20,324 19,555 18,566

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total WADDL Accessions FY2009 - FY2013 (WADDL-Pullman and WADDL AHFSL)

16,053 15,569 15,994 15,723 15,341

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Accessions-Pullman FY2009- FY2013

1,622

2,537

4,330 3,832

3,225

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Accessions-AHFSL FY2009 - FY2013


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Annual Total Laboratory Examination (Test) Information The 5-year trend from FY2009 - FY2013 in WADDL laboratory tests conducted decreased from 272,168 to 245,396 (-9.8%). In FY 2013 WADDL-Pullman conducted 86.8% of total laboratory tests and WADDL-AHFSL conducted 13.2% of total laboratory tests. Compared to FY 2012, FY 2013 total WADDL laboratory tests decreased 1.4% (-3,490 tests), reflecting a 0.7% decrease at Pullman (-1,447 tests) and a 5.9% decrease at AHFSL (-2,043 tests).

272,168

341,914 364,335

248,886 245,396

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total WADDL Laboratory Tests FY2009 - FY2013 (WADDL-Pullman and WADDL-AHFSL)

196,261 204,191 207,362 214,544 213,097

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Labortory Tests-Pullman FY2009 - FY2013

75,907

137,723 156,973

34,342 32,299

0

40,000

80,000

120,000

160,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Laboratory Tests-AHFSL FY2009 - FY2013


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Total WADDL Accessions by State

Total Washington Accessions by County

Whitman County includes WSU Veterinary Teaching Hospital

County Accessions % County Accessions % County Accessions %

Adams 62 0.50% Island 42 0.34% Skagit 139 1.13%

Asotin 229 1.86% Jefferson 307 2.50% Skamania 89 0.72%

Benton 357 2.90% King 859 6.98% Snohomish 651 5.29%

Chelan 72 0.59% Kitsap 107 0.87% Spokane 769 6.25%

Clallam 64 0.52% Kittitas 122 0.99% Stevens 168 1.37%

Clark 195 1.59% Klickitat 254 2.07% Thurston 1040 8.46%

Columbia 28 0.23% Lewis 130 1.06% Wahkiakum 18 0.15%

Cowlitz 16 0.13% Lincoln 145 1.18% Walla Walla 347 2.82%

Douglas 0 0.00% Mason 36 0.29% Whatcom 631 5.13%

Ferry 23 0.19% Okanogan 152 1.24% Whitman 2058 16.73%

Franklin 520 4.23% Pacific 23 0.19% Yakima 335 2.72%

Garfield 155 1.26% Pend Oreille 372 3.02% Not reported 911 7.41%

Grant 183 1.49% Pierce 290 2.36%

Grays Harbor 21 0.17% San Juan 378 3.07% TOTAL 12,298 100%

State Accession % State Accession %

Alaska 374 2.01% Nebraska 165 0.89%

Alabama 26 0.14% Nevada 174 0.94%

Arkansas 7 0.04% New Hampshire 29 0.16%

Arizona 175 0.94% New Jersey 25 0.13%

California 490 2.64% New Mexico 106 0.57%

Colorado 73 0.39% New York 129 0.69%

Connecticut 28 0.15% North Carolina 44 0.24%

Delaware 1 0.01% North Dakota 4 0.02%

District of Columbia 7 0.04% Ohio 65 0.35%

Florida 71 0.38% Oklahoma 25 0.13%

Georgia 45 0.24% Oregon 948 5.11%

Hawaii 21 0.11% Pennsylvania 76 0.41%

Idaho 1,487 8.01% Rhode Island 2 0.01%

Illinois 34 0.18% South Carolina 8 0.04%

Indiana 50 0.27% South Dakota 30 0.16%

Iowa 280 1.51% Tennessee 53 0.29%

Kansas 19 0.10% Texas 71 0.38%

Kentucky 21 0.11% Utah 100 0.54%

Louisiana 19 0.10% Vermont 18 0.10%

Maine 111 0.60% Virginia 31 0.17%

Maryland 20 0.11% Washington 12,298 66.24%

Massachusetts 60 0.32% West Virginia 12 0.06%

Michigan 136 0.73% Wisconsin 28 0.15%

Minnesota 31 0.17% Wyoming 17 0.09%

Mississippi 6 0.03% Other 29 0.16%

Missouri 28 0.15%

Montana 459 2.47% Total 18,566 100.00%


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FY 2013 WADDL Budget and Budget Sources

In FY 2013, the total WADDL budget from all budget sources (State, Revenue, Grants and Contracts, and other) was $4,661,623. The majority of the WADDL Budget (62.9%) was provided by non-State sources and includes revenue generated from general fees for service (44.6%), and Grants and Contracts (18.3%) for state and federal surveillance testing programs. WADDL receives no state funding for operations. All state funding is expended for faculty and staff salaries; state funding covers approximately 60% of total personnel expenses. Every state dollar invested in WADDL results in approximately $3 output from WADDL through revenue generation or extramural grants and contracts (300% return on investment).

Fiscal Year 2013 WADDL Funding Sources

Total = $4.66 Million

34.9%

44.6%

18.3%

1.6% 0.7%

State

Self-Sustaining(Revenue)

Grants / Contracts

WICHE/WOI

Other


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5 Year Trend for WADDL Budget and Budget Sources (FY2009 - FY2013)

The 5-year trend in total WADDL budget from FY2009 – FY2013 in actual dollars was relatively flat, a decrease of $9,673 (-0.2%). Compared to FY 2012, FY 2013 total self-sustaining revenue decreased 12.7% ($302,608). On a percentage of total budget basis, the 5-year budget trend is relatively flat for state support (blue bars), increasing for self-sustaining revenue (red bars), and relatively flat for direct grants and contracts (light green bars).

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

FY 2009

FY 2010

FY 2011

FY 2012

FY 2013

1,729,631

1,673,325

1,627,020

1,602,039

1,628,054

1,785,985

1,934,593

2,143,728

2,382,002

2,079,394

1,143,349

875,936

1,006,642

862,982

851,136

State Self-Sustaining Grants WICHE/WOI/Ross Other


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Total WADDL Tests by Laboratory Section (FY2009 - FY2013)

Total WADDL Accessions by Species of Animal (FY2012 - FY2013)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Avian Health Food Safety Lab 75,907 137,723 156,973 34,342 32,299

Aquaculture 26,236 24,424 27,502 25,209 24,507

Bacteriology 12,536 11,691 10,042 11,346 10,775

BSE Lab (BSE and CWD) 7,117 8,607 5,617 8,727 7,639

Histopathology (Necropsy and

Surgical Biopsy) 5,252 5,164 5,307 4,760 4,423

Immunohistochemistry 1,945 2,753 1,762 1,386 1,774

Molecular Diagnostics 14,985 11,415 15,557 12,520 14,379

Necropsy 1,164 982 1,022 1,004 977

Parasitiology 3,228 3,570 2,910 2,288 2,548

Pathology Tissues 60,476 63,087 68,343 67,095 67,264

Serology 56,485 65,700 62,652 75,090 74,182

Toxicology 3,903 4,474 3,721 3,487 3,531

Virology (Electron Microscopy,

Isolation and ELISA) 2,934 2,324 2,927 1,632 1,098

Total 272,168 341,914 364,335 248,886 245,396

Total WADDL-Pullman

Accessions by Species

2013

(FY)

2012

(FY)

Total WADDL-AHFSL

Accessions by Species

2013

(FY)

2012

(FY)Avian 340 320 Avian 1079 1551

Bovine 2680 2834 Domestic Cow 149 748

Camelid 288 307 Domestic Goat 7 9

Canine 4986 5228 Environmental 274 260

Caprine 2419 2353 Food Product 1277 777

Equine 1312 1523 Pig 20 39

Feline 837 791 Water 249 273

Fish 614 602 Other 170 175

Ovine 499 812 Total 3225 3832

Porcine 74 56

Wildlife/Other 1292 897

Total 15341 15723


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Laboratory Examinations by Individual Branch / Section

WADDL Avian Health and Food Safety Laboratory-Puyallup 2013 2012

Bacteriology 2,980 2,793 Food Safety 17,942 16,023 Histopathology 158 106 Molecular Diagnostics 1,303 3,695 Necropsy 158 669 Parasitology 16 37 Serology 9,741 11,017

Virology 1 2

TOTAL 32,299 34,342

WADDL Pullman Laboratory

PATHOLOGY SPECIES NECROPSIES

HISTOPATHOLOGY FROM NECROPSIES SURGICAL BIOPSIES

Avian 64 6.6% 29 4.8% 36 0.9% Bovine 132 13.5% 78 13.0% 61 1.6%

Canine 195 20.0% 151 25.2% 2,968 77.6% Caprine 43 4.4% 26 4.3% 18 0.5% Equine 79 8.1% 44 7.3% 244 6.4% Feline 132 13.5% 100 16.7% 398 10.4% Lab Animal 155 15.9% 46 7.7% 14 0.4% Ovine 87 8.9% 66 11.0% 13 0.3% Porcine 35 3.6% 18 3.0% 5 0.1% Other 55 5.6% 41 6.8% 67 1.8%

FY 2013 Totals 977 100% 599 100% 3,824 100%

PATHOLOGY SPECIES NECROPSIES

HISTOPATHOLOGY FROM NECROPSIES SURGICAL BIOPSIES

Avian 72 7.2% 43 6.8% 27 0.7% Bovine 116 11.6% 60 9.5% 130 3.1%

Canine 244 24.3% 186 29.6% 3,080 74.6% Caprine 41 4.1% 29 4.6% 26 0.6% Equine 80 8.0% 36 5.7% 269 6.5% Feline 118 11.8% 94 14.9% 405 9.8% Lab Animal 161 16.0% 62 9.9% 36 0.9% Ovine 90 9.0% 60 9.5% 45 1.1% Porcine 27 2.7% 15 2.4% 12 0.3% Other 55 5.5% 44 7.0% 101 2.4%

FY 2012 Totals 1,004 100% 629 100% 4,131 100%


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WADDL – Pullman Laboratory PARASITOLOGY 2013 2012

Baermann 260 223 Fecal Flotation 2,066 1,941 Liver Fluke Sedimentation 58 37 Parasite Identification 164 87

TOTAL PARASITOLOGY 2,548 2,288

AQUATIC HEALTH LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS

2013 2012

Health Inspection Testing Aquatic bacterial screen 6,892 7,081 BKD 3,626 3,688 Piscirickettsia salmonis 1,980 2,024 Aquatic viral culture 8,190 8,543 Diagnostic Testing Aquatic aerobic culture 614 704 Aquatic anaerobic culture 2 0 Aquatic susceptibility 0 0 Aquatic fungal culture 0 5 Aquatic viral isolation 29 61 Pathology Aquatic necropsy 25 12 Aquatic histopathology 939 837 M. cerebralis histopathology 435 977 External parasite (Histo) 0 0 Parasitology M. cerebralis digest 1,691 865 C. shasta smear 84 395 External parasite screen 0 0 Amoebic Gill Disease 0 0

TOTAL AQUACULTURE 24,507 25,209

TERRESTRIAL ANIMAL VIROLOGY 2013 2012

Viral Identification-EM 319 439 Viral Isolation 265 361

TOTAL VIROLOGY* 584 800 *No Viral antigen ELISA, See ImmunoDiagnostics


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WADDL – Pullman Laboratory

MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 2013 2012

BACTERIOLOGIC EXAMINATIONS 2013 2012

Standard and Real time PCR

Cultures & Identifications Anaplasma marginale 593 1,193

Aerobic culture 4,457 4,583

Aquaculture 1,580 125

Anaerobic culture 931 1,219

Bacterial 13 1

Blood culture 100 215

Bluetongue 65 19

Bulk tank culture 2 4

BVDV 6,899 4,209

Campylobacter culture 166 91

C. perfringens 85 85

Cl. difficile culture 42 60

CSFV 16 25

Cl. perfringens culture 171 121

E. coli virulence 73 85

Cold enrichment culture 0 0

Avian Influenza 475 458

Enterococcus culture 9 22

Equine Herpesvirus 1 58 49

Fecal culture 702 791

Exotic Newcastle’ Disease 3 162

Feed culture 7 5

Canine Influenza Virus 1 1

Johne's culture 31 38 EHD 63 5

Listeria culture 25 35

PCR for Influenza 0 0

Mastitis culture 184 51 MCF by PCR 44 41

Mycobacterium culture 51 46

Miscellaneous PCR

Mycology culture 222 442 Mycobact. avium spp. paratb. 147 121

Mycoplasma culture 1,210 1,030

Mycoplasma spp. 30 36

Salmonella culture 235 5

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae 1,695 3,047

Tritrichomonas culture 22 84

Neospora 10 9

Ureaplasma culture 13 7

Nested PCR 4 9

Tissue PCR 114 91

Susceptibilities

Rhodococcus equi 8 0

K/B Susceptibility 0 0

Toxoplasma 19 16

MIC Susceptibility 714 1,007

Tritrichomonas foetus 2,183 2,544

West Nile Virus 61 61

Other Bacteriology Bacteriologic stains 1,182 1,227

Organism id/sequencing

Cl. difficile toxin test 39 55

DNA sequencing 67 58

Clostridium F/A 12 15

Fungal ID by sequencing 25 37

Leptospirosis F/A 186 166

Mycobacterium ID by sequencing 44 28

Salmonella serotyping 62 27

TOTAL BACTERIOLOGY 10,775 11,346

Select Agent PCR African Swine Fever 0 0

Foot and mouth disease 2 0 Francisella tularensis 2 5 Rinderpest virus 0 0

TOTAL MOLECULAR DIAG. 14,379 12,520


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IMMUNODIAGNOSTICS / SEROLOGY 2013 2012

Anaplasma marginale 5,333 8,018

Bluetongue Virus 2,602 1,756 Bovine Leukosis Virus 3,186 2,374

Bovine Parainfluenza-3 553 433

BRSV 546 438

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 1,190 935

Brucella abortus 13,198 14,676

Brucella canis 0 45

Brucella ovis 115 246

Canine Adenovirus 59 104

Canine Coronavirus 47 3

Canine Distemper Virus 349 487

Canine Herpesvirus 22 25

Canine Parainfluenza 21 103

Canine Parvovirus 316 0

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus 16,544 13,592

Caseous Lymphadenitis 8,670 6,938

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease 561 168

Equine Herpes Virus 52 75

Equine Infectious Anemia Virus 731 1,387

Equine Viral Arteritis 346 1,599

Feline Calicivirus 20 67

Feline Coronavirus/FIP 51 51

Feline Herpesvirus 60 29 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus 5 0

Feline Panleukopenia Virus 46 56

Infect. Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus 655 719

Johne's Disease 7,811 9,289

Leptospira MAT 7,557 6,809

Malignant Catarrhal Fever Virus 104 254

Mycobacterium bovis gamma interferon 81 0

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae 1,540 1,818

Neospora caninum 1,000 1,204

Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus 611 1,176

Porcine Parvovirus 10 2

Pseudorabies Virus 0 0

Toxoplasma gondii 125 151

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus 38 28

West Nile Virus 27 35

TOTAL SEROLOGY 74,182 75,090


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IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY PROCEDURES 2013 2012

IMMUNODIAGNOSTICS / ANTIGEN DETECTION 2013 2012

Infectious agents-Viruses

BSE 7,512 8,489

IHC for Adenovirus 0 6

BRSV-Ag 121 68 IHC for Bovine Coronavirus 0 0

BVD-Ag 573 998

IHC for BRSV 6 4

Bovine Enteric Virus 0 0

IHC for BVD 24 14

Canine Distemper Virus 349 487

IHC for Canine Coronavirus 1 0

Chlamydophila 43 50

IHC for Canine Distemper Virus 14 36

CWD Ag ELISA 127 238

IHC for Canine parvovirus 6 19

Feline Leukemia Virus 12 29

IHC for EHV-1 0 1

TOTAL 8,737 10,359

IHC for IBR 5 3 IHC for Feline coronavirus (FIP) 18 9 IHC for Feline parvovirus

(Panleukopenia) 7 1 IHC for PI3 0 0 IHC for Prions (CWD) 95 74 IHC for Prions (Scrapie) 1,371 1,049 IHC for West Nile Virus 0 0

Infectious agents-Bacteria & Protozoa IHC for Chlamydiaceae 0 0

IHC for Coxiella 1 16 IHC for Leptospira 24 5 IHC for Listeria 7 1 IHC for Sarcocystis 0 0 IHC for Toxoplasma 0 0

Tumor Cell Markers IHC for B-lymphocyte 53 34

IHC for Chromatogranin 1 0 IHC for Collagen IV 0 0 IHC for Cytokeratin 17 22 IHC for Desmin 9 5 IHC for Factor VIII 10 7 IHC for GFAP 1 0 IHC for Lamda Light Chain 5 2 IHC for Lysozyme 0 0 IHC for Mac 387 0 0 IHC for Melan A 16 15 IHC for Muscle Actin 8 5 IHC for Neurofilament 0 0 IHC for Synaptophysin 1 0 IHC for T-lymphocyte 55 32 IHC for Vimentin 19 26

TOTAL 1,774 1,386


22


University of Idaho Analytical Sciences Laboratory

TOXICOLOGY 2013 2012 2013 2012

Acetylcholinesterase - blood 2 0 Manganese 0 2

Aflatoxin 11 1 Melamine 0 1

Ammonia 6 2 Mercury 19 18

Anticoagulant rodenticide screen -blood* 0 6 Metaldehyde 1 2

Anticoagulant rodenticide screen -tissue* 10 8 Micro elements 3 19

Arsenic - blood/serum 2 4 Moisture percent 0 4

Ash % 1 0 Molybdenum 7 2

Carbamate pesticide screen 1 12 Nitrate - feed 15 13

Carbon & Nitrogen 0 7 Nitrate - ocular fluid / serum 20 44

Chloride - Nitric 0 1 Nitrate/nitrite - water 0 3

Chlorinated Herbicides - Limited 0 1 Nitrite - feed 3 0

Cyanide 0 1 Nitrite - ocular/serum 1 0

Dry & Grind & other sample prep 18 33 Organochlorine pesticide screen 12 19

Water metals - ICP - Dissolved 1 2 Organophosphorus/nitrogen pest.

screen

8 15

Water metals - ICP - Total 0 4 PCB Congener 8 12

Water metals - ICPMS - Dissolved 0 1 pH 3 1

Water metals - ICPMS - Total (Extended) 0 0 Phosphine gas [Zn-Mg-Al phosphide] 2 5

Glutathione peroxidase 8 9 Plant / Mushroom identification 12 11

Glycol - ethylene/other 0 10 Selenium 1688 1565

Heavy metals screen -ICP - tissue 114 170 Special request analysis 31 28

Heavy metals screen-ICPMS 40 37 Strychnine 12 6

Heavy metals -ICPMS -single analyte 9 18 Toxicology organic [GCMS] screen 13 16

Ion Screen 1 0 Trace elements - serum 1149 1063

Ionophores 5 4 Trace elements - ocular fluid 11 6

Lead - blood 19 28 Trace elements, Na + K only 5 29

Macro Element Screen 10 22 Trace elements - soil 0 1

Macro/Micro Elements 156 148 Urea 1 2

Vitamin E - serum 93 71

TOTAL 3,531 3,487


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WADDL Quality System

External Audits Successfully Passed

USDA audit for approval of CEM testing in Bacteriology laboratory, April 2013

Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) desk audit of AHFSL, Fall 2012

Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) National Poultry Improvement Plan audit of Molecular Diagnostics PCR AI testing in February 2013

Aquaculture laboratory audit (also looked at Molecular Diagnostics) by USDA, October 2012

Internal WSU Biosafety and Select Agent program inspection of Select Agent program, 2013

Select Agent Inspection, CDC and USDA, February 2013

Successful WADDL Proficiency Testing

Test Agency Lab Section Anaplasmosis cELISA USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology

Avian Influenza PCR USDA Molecular Diagnostics and AHFSL

Avian Paramyxovirus PCR USDA Molecular Diagnostics and AHFSL

Bluetongue USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology

Bovine Leukosis (BLV) USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology

BSE USDA Immunodiagnostics – TSE Lab

Brucellosis Serologic Tests (SPT, BAPA, STT, Rivanol and Card)

USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology and AHFSL

Bovine Tuberculosis Gamma Interferon USDA Immunodiagnostics - Serology

Classical Swine Fever Virus USDA Molecular Diagnostics

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology

Foot and Mouth Disease PCR USDA Molecular Diagnostics

Johne’s Disease Milk ELISA USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology

Johne’s Fecal PCR (individual) USDA Molecular Diagnostics

Johne’s Fecal PCR (pooled) USDA Molecular Diagnostics

Johne’s Disease Fecal Test (Solid media) USDA Bacteriology

Johne’s Disease Serologic USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology

Leptospira MAT USDA Immunodiagnostics - Serology

Newcastle’s Disease Virus (NDV) PCR USDA Molecular Diagnostics and AHFSL

Pseudorabies gB USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology and AHFSL

Pseudorabies gI USDA Immunodiagnostics – Serology and AHFSL

Salmonella Group D NPIP AHFSL

Salmonella V-Clasp (Bacteriology) FDA Bacteriology

Scrapie / Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) by IHC

USDA Pullman Pathologists

Swine Influenza Virus (SIV) PCR USDA Molecular Diagnostics


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PUBLICATIONS BY WADDL FACULTY, RESIDENTS and STAFF

Presentations

Campioni, F., K. Chiok, C. Warren, R. Crespo, and D. H. Shah: Development of a multiplex real-time PCR for the serotype-specific detection of Salmonella enteritidis. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. Dec 3, 2012 Cassirer EF, Plowright RK, Manlove KR, Potter K, Cross PC, Hudson PJ: The short and long of it: Pneumonia in a bighorn sheep metapopulation. Northern Wild Sheep Council, March, 2012 Chiok C, Warren C, Crespo R, Shah DH: Evaluation of a multiplex real-time PCR for the serotype-specific detection of Salmonella enteritidis. 113rd General meeting of the American Society of Microbiologists. Denver, Colorado. Poster: 853, 2013 Crespo R, Chiok K, Warren CA, Shah DH: Development of a multiplex real-time PCR for the Serotype-specific Salmonella enteritidis. Proceedings of the 148th AVMA/AAAP Annual Convention, Chicago, Illinois, 2013 Crespo, R: Common Health Conditions in Poultry – Country Living Expo & Cattlemen’s Winterschool. Washington State University, Extension. Stanwood, WA, 2013 Crespo, R: Laboratory Diagnostic Support for Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness and Response. Live Bird Market Meeting- USDA-APHIS, Seattle, WA, 2013 Crespo, R: My Chickens Do Not Look Good – Mother Earth News Fair. Puyallup Fair Grounds, Puyallup. WA, 2013 Crespo, R: Overview of the Poultry Industry in US and the Avian Health and Food Safety Laboratory. Fulbright-DIKTI Indonesian Senior Scholar Recharging Program. University of Washington. Seattle, WA, 2012 Crespo, R., I. Gimeno, S. A. Dhillon, and G. Zavala: Natural Outbreak of Lymphoma in a Commercial Quail Flock. Sixty-second Western Poultry Disease Conference. Sacramento, California, 2013 Johnstone A, Dittmer K, Potter K: Polycystic kidney disease in sheep (Meckel-Gruber syndrome) Case #30, Western Conference for Veterinary Diagnostic Pathologists, Calgary, Alberta, Oct 12-13, 2012 Joyce PA, Stanton J, and Alderete JF: “Optimization of protocols for detection and preliminary findings of Trichomonas vaginalis proteins in prostate tissue of men with prostate cancer”, WSU Showcase for Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities, March 29, 2013 Muñoz JF, Schneider DA, Baszler TV, and Stanton JB: “An immortalized, sheep microglial cell line capable of accumulating natural and experimental prions.” Animal TSEs Workshop at PRION 2013, May 26, 2013


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Muñoz JF, Schneider DA, Baszler TV, and Stanton JB: “Persistent accumulation of experimental and natural scrapie prion protein in hTERT-immortalized ovine microglial cells.” WSU Wiley Research Exposition, February 1, 2013 Muñoz JF, Schneider DA, Baszler TV, and Stanton JB: “Persistent accumulation of experimental and natural scrapie prion protein in hTERT-immortalized ovine microglial cells.” American College of Veterinary Pathologists, Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, December 1–5, 2012 Muñoz-Gutiérrez JF, Schneider DA, Baszler TV, and Stanton JB: “Persistent accumulation of experimental and natural scrapie prion protein in hTERT-immortalized ovine microglial cells.” Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine Student Research Symposium. October 24, 2012 Nelson DD, Haldorson GJ, Stanton JB, et al: “Tularemia in Washington State squirrels.” American College of Veterinary Pathologists, Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, December 1–5, 2012 Noh S. M: Interstrain competition alters fitness of Anaplasma in the tick. Research in Progress seminar series, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology. Pullman, WA, 2013 Noh S. M: Principles of vector-borne disease. APHIS Smith-Kilborne Transboundary and Emerging Animal Disease course. Cornell, University, Ithaca, NY, 2013 (invited) Noh S. M: Turse J. E., Brown W. C., Ueti M. W., Norimine J,. Palmer G. H: Cross-linking of A. marginale outer membrane proteins enhances immunogenicity, but is not required for protection from challenge. American Society for Rickettsiology, Park City, UT, Aug. 2012 Ochoa JN, Stanton JB, Bradway DS, and Mansfield K: “Cryptococcus gattii in a Yakima County, WA elk”. American College of Veterinary Pathologists, Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, December 1–5, 2012 Potter KA, Cassirer EF, Plowright RK, Manlove K, Cross PC, and Hudson PJ: Effects of pneumonia on bighorn sheep populations in Hells Canyon. Abstract #N-1, American College of Veterinary Pathologists, Seattle, WA, Dec 1-5, 2012 Potter, KA: Transitional cell papilloma of the ureter in a dog. Case #41, Western Conference for Veterinary Diagnostic Pathologists, Calgary, AB, Oct 12-13, 2012 Sondgeroth K, Schlee S, Davis M, Allen A, Evermann J, McElwain T, Baszler T: Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in Washington state domestic goats herds. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Greensboro, NC October 18-22, 2012 Stanton JB, Schneider DA, Dinkel KD, Balmer BF, Baszler TV, Mathison BA, Boykin DW, and Kumar A: Cationic small molecule inhibitors of scrapie prion accumulation. American College of Veterinary Pathologists, Seattle, WA, December 1-4, 2012 Swanson B, Stanton J: “Cultured sheep microglial cells are permissive to a diverse set of ruminant viruses” Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine Student Research Symposium. October 24, 2012


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Talcott PA: “Common Drugs That Companion Animals Ingest”, “Toxicants Associated with the Homebound Pet”, “Toxicants Associated with the In-Town Pet”, “Tasty Treats Pets Should Avoid”, “Plants Your Loved One Should Reconsider”, “Decontamination Procedures in Poisoned Patients: Fact or Fiction”, 71st OMVQ Annual Meeting, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada, November 8-10, 2012 Talcott PA: “Plants and Pesticides Problematic to Animals”, Pesticide Management in Cattle and Rangeland Operations, Ritzville, WA, May 14, 2013 Talcott PA: “Plants Poisonous to Livestock”, Southwest Idaho Weed Control Association Annual Meeting, Caldwell, ID, November 14, 2012 Talcott PA: “Plants Problematic to Animals – Identification and Control of Poisonous Plants in Range and Pasture”, 13th Annual Washington Country Noxious Weed Tour and the Noxious & Invasive Weed Identification and Integrated Pest Management Program, Weiser, ID, June 12-13, 2013 Talcott PA: “Plants Problematic to Animals and People”, Paradise Creek Regional High School, Moscow, ID, May 24, 2013 Talcott PA: “Poisonous Plants in Hayfields: Their Effects on Livestock”, Weed Free Hay Inspector Training, Poisonous Plants, Moscow, ID, March 25, 2013 Talcott PA: “Toxicology is Everywhere”, Tri-County Veterinary Medical Association, Bellingham, WA, September 18, 2012 Warren, C., S. Weber, and R. Crespo. Modified technique for hatcher and environmental fluff testing. Sixty-second Western Poultry Disease Conference. Sacramento, California, 2013 Wattegedera S, Pearce J, Wheelhouse N, Baszler T, McInnes C, Entrican G: ISO Expression and Tissue Tropism of Chlamydia abortus. Immunology 137 (S1): 176-177, 2012

Book Chapters

Baszler TV and Graham T: Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories and Necropsy. In Biological Safety: Principles and Practices, 5th edition, Ed. Diane Fleming and Debra Hunt, American Society of Microbiology Press, Washington, DC. In Press 2013 Crespo, R: Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures In Poultry. In: Illustrated Manual of Poultry Disease, 2nd edition. Jeanne Brugere-Picoux (ed.). In press, 2013 Crespo, R: Urate Deposition (Gout). In: The Merck Veterinary Manual, 10th edition. Merck & Co. Inc, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey. In press, 2013 Crespo, R. and H. L. Shivaprasad: Diagnostic Lab Sampling. In: Backyard Poultry Medicine and Surgery: A Guide for Veterinary Practitioners. C. B. Greenacre and T. Y. Morishita (eds). Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, New Jersey. In press, 2013


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Crespo, R. and H. L. Shivaprasad: Interpretation of Laboratory Results and Values. In: Backyard Poultry Medicine and Surgery: A Guide for Veterinary Practitioners. C. B. Greenacre and T. Y. Morishita (eds). Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, New Jersey. In press, 2013 Crespo, R. and H. L. Shivaprasad: Miscellaneous diseases. In: Diseases of Poultry, 13th edition. D. Swayne et al (eds). Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa, 2013 Crespo, R. and H. L. Shivaprasad: Velogenic Newcastle-slide study set. American Association of Avian Pathologists, 2013 Gwaltney-Brant, SM and Talcott PA: “Nonsteroidal antiinflammatories”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 687-708, 2013 Murphy MF, Talcott PA: “Anticoagulant rodenticides”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 435-445, 2013 Talcott PA: Co-editor, Small Animal Toxicology, Elsevier – Third Edition (Ed. Peterson ME and Talcott, PA), 2013 Talcott PA: “Copper”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 517-521, 2013 Talcott PA: “Effective use of a diagnostic laboratory”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 125-132, 2013 Talcott PA: “Miscellaneous herbicides, fungicides, and nematocides”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 401-408, 2013 Talcott PA: “Mycotoxins”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 677-682, 2013 Talcott PA: “Perennial Ryegrass Staggers”. In: Clinical Veterinary Advisor: The Horse, Ed. D.A. Wilson, Saunders, Elsevier Inc., St. Louis, MO, pp. 432-433, 2012 Talcott PA: “Strychnine”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 827-831, 2013 Talcott PA: “Zinc”. In: Small Animal Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Ed. M.E. Peterson and P.A. Talcott, Saunders/Elsevier, pp. 847-851, 2013 Wills T, Haldorson G: Adrenal Gland. In Cowell and Tyler's Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat, 4 edition, Ed. Valenciano AC and Cowell RL, Mosby Inc., 2013


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Publications

Al-Adwani, S. R., R. Crespo, and D. H. Shah: Production and Evaluation of Chicken Egg-Yolk-Derived Antibodies Against Campylobacter jejuni Colonization-Associated Proteins. Foodborne Pathogen and Disease. 10: 624-631, 2013 Besser, T.E., Cassirer, E.F., Highland, M.A., Wolff, P., Justice-Allen, A., Mansfield, K., Davis, M.A., & Foreyt, W.J.: Bighorn sheep pneumonia: Sorting out the cause of a polymicrobial disease. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 108:85-93, 2013 Besser, T.E., Cassirer, E.F., Yamada, C., Potter, K.A., Oaks, J.L., Herndon, C., Foreyt, W.J., Shanthalingam, S., Knowles, D.P., & Srikumaran, S.: Survival of bighorn sheep commingled with domestic sheep in the absence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 48:168-172, 2012 Besser, T.E., Highland, M., Baker, K., Cassirer, E.F., Anderson, N.J., Ramsey, J.M., Mansfield, K., Bruning, D.L., Wolff, P., Smith, J.B., & Jenks, J.A.: Causes of pneumonia epizootics among bighorn sheep, western US, 2008-2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases 18:406-414, 2012 Bono, J.L., Smith, T., Keen, J., Harhay, G., McDaneld, T., Mandress, R., Jung, W., Besser, T.E., Gerner-Schmidt, P., Bielsazewska, M., Karch, H., & Clawson, M.: Phylogeny of Shiga Toxin producing Escherichia coli O157 isolated from cattle and clinically ill humans. Molecular Biology and Evolution 29:2047-2062, 2012 Boonyayatra, S., Fox, L., Besser, T.E., Sawant, A., Gay, J.M., & Raviv, Z.: A PCR assay and PCR-RFLP combination identifying the three primary Mycoplasma species causing mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science. 95:196-205, 2012 Boonyayatra, S., Fox, L., Gay, J.M., Sawant, A., & Besser, T.E.: Discrimination between Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma species of bovine origin using digitonin disk diffusion, nisin disk diffusion, and conventional PCR. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24:7-13, 2012 Cassirer EF, Plowright RK, Manlove K, Potter KA, Cross PC, and Hudson PJ: Spatio-temporal dynamics of pneumonia in bighorn sheep. Journal of Animal Ecology, Feb. 8. 2013, doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12031 [Epub ahead of print] Churgin SM, Garner MM, Swenson J, Bradway DS, and West G: Intestinal Coccidioidomycosis in a Coachwhip Snake in a Red Coachwhip Snake (Maticophis flagellum piceus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, In Press, 2013 Crespo, R., D. Schaberg, and C. Warren: Detection of Salmonella enteritidis bacterin in environmental samples from poultry houses using the RapidChek SE immunoassay. Avian Diseases. 56: 621-624, 2012 Crespo, R., S. Hopkins, D. Shah. Outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes in an urban poultry flock. BMC Veterinary Research 9:204, 2013, October 11 [Epub ahead of print]


29

Cummings, K., Warnick, L., Davis, M.A., Grohn, Y., Hoelzer, K., Root, T., Siler, J., Wiedmann, M., & Besser, T.E.: Farm Animal Contact as Risk Factor for Transmission of Bovine-associated Salmonella Subtypes. Emerging Infectious Diseases 18: 1929-1936, 2012 Dassanayake RP, Shanthalingam S, Subramaniam R, Herndon CN, Bavananthasivam J, Haldorson GJ, Foreyt WJ, Evermann JF, Herrmann-Hoesing LM, Knowles DP, Srikumaran S: Role of Bibersteinia trehalosi, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza-3 virus in bighorn sheep pneumonia, Veterinary Microbiology162:166-172, 2013 Eberhart, L.J., Deringer, J.R., Brayton, K.A., Sawant, A., Besser, T.E., & Call, D.R.: Characterization of a novel microcin that kills enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 and O26. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78:6592-6599, 2013 Gardner H, Fidel J, Haldorson G, Dernell W, Wheeler B. Canine oral fibrosarcomas: a retrospective analysis of 65 cases (1998-2010): Veterinary Comparative Oncology, Feb 18, 2013 [Epub ahead of print] Gieseker CM, Oaks JL, Pyecroft M, Teitzel C, Wu CC et al: Quality control ranges for testing broth microdiultion susceptibility of Flavobacterium columnare and F. psychrophilus in nine antimicrobials. Dis. of Aquatic Organisms 101:207-215, 2012 Gliniewicz K, Plant K, LaPatra S, LaFrentz B, Cain K, Snekvik K, Call D: Comparative proteomic analysis of virulent and rifampicin-attenuated Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Journal of Fish Diseases 35:529-539, 2012 Hammac G.K., Ku P., Galletti M.F., Noh S.M., Scoles G. A., Palmer G. H., Brayton K.A.: Protective immunity induced by immunization with a live, cultured Anaplasma marginale strain. Vaccine. 31:3617-3622, 2013 Herndon D.R., Ueti M.W., Reif K.E., Noh S.M., Brayton K.A., Agnes J.T., Palmer G.H.: Identification of multi-locus genetic heterogeneity in Anaplasma marginale ss. centrale and its restriction following tick-borne transmission. Infection and Immunity. 81:1852-1858, 2013 Irshad, H., Cookson, A., Hotter, G., Besser, T.E., On, S., & French, N.: Epidemiology of Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli O157 in very young ("bobby") calves in the North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 60:21-26, 2012 Jencek JE, Beaufrère H, Tully TN, DVM, MS, Garner MM, Dunker FH, and Baszler TV: An Outbreak of Chlamydophila psittaci in an Outdoor Colony of Magellanic Penguins (Sphenisccus magellanicus). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 26:225-331, 2012 Justice‐ Allen A, Fry L, Bradway D, Snekvik K, Darveau D, Holt T: Bluetongue virus and infection in two desert bighorn sheep. Journal of Wildlife Disease, In Press, 2013 Kolarevic J, Selset R, Felip O, Good C, Snekvik K, Takle H, Ytteborg E, Bæverfjord G, Asgard T, Terjese BF. Influence of long term ammonia exposure on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr growth and welfare. Aquaculture Research 44:1649-1664, 2012 Krause KJ, Reavill D,Weldy SH, and Bradway DS: Mycobacterium genavense in an African penguin (Spheniscus demersus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, In Press, 2013


30

McBride MP, Murray M, Wojick K, Georoff T, Kimbro J, Garner MM, Wang X, Childress AL Wellehan Jr JF, Bradway D: Evaluation of fungal dermatitis in eleven wild timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) from Massachusetts. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, In Press, 2013 Mellor, G.E., Besser, T.E., Davis, M.A. et al: Multilocus genotype analysis of E. coli O157 from Australia and the USA provides evidence of geographic divergence. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Jun 14, 2013 [Epub ahead of print] Nelson DD, Haldorson GJ, Stanton JB, Noh SM, Bradway DS, Mansfield KG, Baszler TV: Tularemia without lesions in grey tree squirrels: A diagnostic challenge. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, In Press, 2013 Nelson DD, Taus NS, Schneider DA, Davis WA, Brown WC, Li H, O’Toole D, Oaks JL: Fibroblasts express OvHV-2 capsid protein in vasculitis lesions of American bison (Bison bison) with experimental sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever. Veterinary Microbiology. In Press, 2013 Noh S.M., Turse J.E., Brown W.C., Norimine J, Palmer G.H. 2013. Linkage between Anaplasma marginale outer membrane proteins enhances immunogenicity, but is not required for protection from challenge. Clinical Vaccine and Immunology. 20:651-656, 2013 Oidtmann B, Lapatra S, Verner-Jeffreys D, Pond M, Peeler E, Noguera P, Bruno D, St-Hilaire S, Schubiger C, Snekvik K, Crumlish M, Green D, Metselaar M, Rodger H, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Galeotti M, Feist S. Differential characterization of emerging skin diseases of rainbow trout – a standardized approach to capturing disease characteristics and development of case definitions. Journal of Fish Diseases Mar 1, 2013. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12086 [Epub ahead of print] Plowright, R., Manlove, K., Cassirer, E.F., Cross, P.C., Besser, T.E., & Hudson, P.: Use of exposure history to identify patterns of immunity to pneumonia in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). PLoS One 8(4):e61919, 2013 Potter KA, Oaks JL, Bradway D, and Besser TE. Histopathology of Clostridium perfringens type AE enteritis in foals: 2000-2010. Veterinary Pathology, In Press, 2013 Rimoldi G, Speer B, Wellehan K, Bradway D, Richard P Chin RP, Reavill D, Barr BC, Shivaprasad HL, and Wright L: An outbreak of Sarcocystis calchasi in multiple psittacine species within an enclosed zoological aviary. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, In press, 2013 Rogovskyy AS, Baszler TV, Besser TE, Bradway DS, Bruning DL, Davitt CM, Evermann JF, Mansfield KG, Haldorson GJ: A novel papillomavirus isolated from proliferative skin lesions of a wild North American beaver (Castor canadensis). Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24:750-754, 2012 Shringi, S., Garcia, A., Lahmers, K.K., Potter, K.A., Muthupalani, S., Swennes, A., Hovde, C., Call, D.R., Fox, J., & Besser, T.E.: Differential virulence of clinical and bovine biased enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 genotypes in piglet and Dutch belted rabbit models. Infection and Immunity 80:369-380, 2012


31

Shringi, S., Schmidt, C., Baker, K., Brayton, K.A., Hancock, D.D., & Besser, T.E.: Carriage of stx2a Differentiates Clinical and Bovine-Biased Strains of Escherichia coli O157. PLoS One 7(12), e51572, 2012 Sondgeroth K, Schlee S, Davis M, Evermann J, McElwain T, Baszler T: Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in Washington state domestic goats. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, In Press, 2013 Sondgeroth KS, McElwain TF, Allen AJ, Chen AV, Lau AOT: Loss of neurovirulence is associated with reduction of cerebral capillary sequestration during acute Babesia bovis infection. Parasites & Vectors 6:181, 2013. Stacie Gould, Vicky L. Cooper, Niles Reichardt, and Annette M. O’Connor: An evaluation of the prevalence of Bovine herpesvirus 1 abortions based on diagnostic submissions to five U.S.-based veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 25:243-247, 2013 Stanton JB, Schneider DA, Dinkel KD, Balmer BF, Baszler TV, Mathison BA, Boykin DW: Discovery of a novel, monocationic, small-molecule inhibitor of scrapie prion accumulation in cultured sheep microglia and Rov cells. PloS ONE 7: e51173. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051173, 2012 Stidworthy M, Garner MM, Bradway DS, Westfall BD, Joseph B, Repetto E, Guglielmhi E, Schmidt‐ Posthaus H, and Thornton SM: Systemic scuticociliatosis (Philasterides dicentrarchi) in sharks. Veterinary Pathology June 17, 2013 [ePub ahead of Print] Suarez CE, Laughery JM, Schneider DA, Sondgeroth KS, McElwain TF: Acute and persistent infection by a transfected Mo7 strain of Babesia bovis, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 185:52-57, 2012. Subbiah, M., Shah, D.H., Besser, T.E., Ullman, J., & Call, D.R.: Urine from Treated Cattle Drives Selection for Cephalosporin Resistant Escherichia coli in Soil. PLoS One 7(11):e48919, 2012 Terrazas M, Rosenthal L, Staigmiller K, Snekvik K, Bradway D: Mycobacteriosis in a Bull Trout from Hungry Horse Reservoir, Montana. Intermountain Journal of Sciences 18:20-25, 2012 Wong S, Waldrop T, Summerfelt S, Davidson J, Barrows F, Kenney PB, Welch T, Wiens GD, Snekvik K, Rawls JF, Good C: Aquacultured Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Possess a Large Core Intestinal Microbiota That Is Resistant to Variation in Diet and Rearing Density. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79:4974-4984, 2013. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00924-13. [Epub ahead of print]. Wood JS, Campbell G, Johnson Eileen, Rezabek G, Pittman L, Little S, Panciera, Allen, K, and Bradway DS: Merogonic stages of Theileria cervi in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, In Press, 2013 Ziegler J, Parish S, Snekvik K, Barrington G: Traumatic gastroperitonitis (hardware disease) in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 44:163-166, 2013.


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Documents

WASHINGTON ANIMAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY · Snekvik, Kevin Associate Professor, Section Head, ACVP Diplomate Thompson, Jim Laboratory Manager Lecoq, Merri Microbiologist 1