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Wash Water Sanitizers and their MeasurementVerification of Validation
Presented by:Karan KhuranaPulse Instruments
Process Stability
Credit: Trevor Suslow; UC Davis
Specification: As per Validation CriteriaControl Point: When to take action
Process Variables• Sanitizer Choice• Equipment Design• Temperature• Type of Product Commodity• Organic Load, Turbidity and COD Levels• Throughput Rate• Operator Variation• Calibration and Maintenance
Sanitizer Options• Chlorination
– Form Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl)– Chlorine Gas– Sodium Hypochlorite– Calcium Hypochlorite
• Chlorine Dioxide • Peroxyacetic Acid• Acid Surfactant• Ozone
ORP Measures Effectiveness
Oxidation is a Transfer of Electrons
Microbes lose electrons and are oxidized
Oxidizer disrupts the cell function and integrity
E. Coli Kill Time
ORP Kill Time450 mV Infinite500 mV 1 hour550 mV 100 seconds600 mV 10 seconds650 mV 0 seconds
Hydrogen Peroxide cannot penetrate Biofilm
T im e (s e c )0 6 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 8 0 0 2 4 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 6 0 0
Hyd
roge
n Pe
roxi
de C
once
ntra
tion
(mM
)
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
b a s e o f b io f i lm
b u lk f lu idBulk fluid
Base of biofilm
Time (seconds)
Hyd
roge
n Pe
roxi
de C
onc.
(mM
)
Ste
war
t et a
l (20
00) A
ppl.
Env
iron.
Mic
robi
ol.6
6:83
6.
www.pulseinstrument.com
Chlorine Harmful Byproducts
• Tri Halo Methane (THMs)– Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
Oxidizer PotentialOxidation Strength describes the strength of the reaction and reactivity. A higher number means it reacts with more things.
Oxidizer Oxidation Strength
Oxidation Capacity
Ozone (O3) 2.07 2 e-
POAA (Peroxy Acetic Acid) 1.81 2 e-
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) 1.78 2 e-
Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) 1.49 2 e-
Hypobromous Acid (HOBr) 1.33 2 e-
Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) 0.95 5 e-
www.pulseinstrument.com
Chlorine Dioxide ClO2
Oxidizer 2.5x more effective than Chlorine
10x more soluble in water than chlorine
Low Sodium, Low Chlorite No hydrophilic substitution reactions
Does not form THMs Does not form Chloramines Effective at wide pH ranges
www.pulseinstrument.com
Ozone (O3) Advantageso Powerful oxidizing gaso Broad spectrum antimicrobial activity
Peroxyacetic Compounds
H2O2 + CH2COOH H3COOHHydrogen Acetic PeroxyaceticPeroxide Acid Acid
Broad Spectrum Anti‐Microbial Tolerant to organic matter ‐ Low Foam Combine sanitizing and acid rinse No residue & Environmentally responsible Less corrosive than chlorine to stainless steel
Oxcide® Electro Chemically Activated (ECA) Solution Electrochemical conversion of brine solution Complex ionic mixtures of: Oxy‐Chloro Compounds Hypochlorous & Hypochlorite Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2)
Peroxide Compounds hydroxyl radical (HO●) peroxide anion (HO2
‐) superoxydeanion O2
‐
ozone O3
Product Specific Sanitizer DemandProduct Demand Turbidity (NTU)
Chopped Onions 50% 20Salad Mix/Carrots 41% 36Shred Lettuce 35% 108Spinach Line 35% 39Spinach Tank 1 31% 59Romaine 26% 2Broccoli/Slaw 25% 82Red Cabbage 24% 81Broccoli 20% 23Cauliflower 18% 3Spinach Tank 2 15% 8Spinach Tank 3 9% 1
Automation System Free Chlorine Chlorine Dioxide POAA, Ozone pH, ORP, Temperature Conductivity or Turbidity Chemical Level Inventory Chemical Injection Pumps Chemical Injection Verification Data Recording and Reporting Built‐in Alarm
Free Chlorine Measurement
Electrode for Free Chlorine, Chlorine Dioxide POAA or Ozone
Potentiostatic and Amperometric
ORP Measurement
Unique ORP Electrode Platinum Element Built‐in Amplifier & Ground Cartridge Design with a Fast Response
pH Measurement
Unique Design Non Glass Isfet pH Electrode
Transistor Chip Non Clogging Amplified Automatic Temperature Compensation
Conductivity Measurement
Electrodeless Conductivity Non Coating suited for water with organic load
Automatic temperature Compensation
Low Maintenance Fast Response
Chemical Injection Verification
Waterproof Chemical Injection Pumps IP67
Positive Displacement verification
When Chemical pump is running, the verification sensor ensures chemical was injected
Injection verification feedback to alarm
Alarm Notification
Local Audio Visual Alarm Remote Audio Visual Alarm Email to multiple addresses SMS Text Message to Cell Phone Sequential dial to multiple phones Website Alarm
Data Recording & Management
Process Monitoring Real Time Access Data Recording and Reports
Data Management
Communications
Alarm Notification
o Local Audio Visual Alarmo Remote Audio Visual Alarmo Email to multiple addresseso SMS Text Message to Cell Phoneo Sequential dial to multiple phoneso Website Alarm
Treatment Conclusions
Identify the Water Process
Identify your Wash Product
Select your Chemistry
Select a Spot Check Device
Select Monitoring System
Select Recording Method
Maintain Records !!!!