Warm Up

Story time and visual organizers!Follow along with the story about WWI.Write each nation/territory’s name on white

paperEach act of aggression: connect nations with

red/pink stripEach act of peace or alliance: connect nations

with green stripKeep track of the relationships!

Sample

U.S.

Germany

Great Britain

Free Write

What does your visual aid tell you about the start of WWI? Explain!

MR. PRO

U.S. in WWI

Warm Up

What is this propaganda trying to show/say?

Objective

Students will know the causes of WWI and the role of the U.S. early in the conflict.

MAIN Causes

MilitarismAlliancesImperialismNationalism

Militarism

Aggressive build up of military German Naval build up threatened British

Island nation Naval superiority

Caused Britain to align w. France and RussiaNew weapons caused further arms race

Tanks, machine guns, planes, zeppelins (blimps)

Alliances

Germany unified in 1871 Waged war against France

France lost land = enemies! Germany allied with Italy and Austria-Hungary

Triple Alliance

Russia threatened by alliance 1894: Franco-Russian Alliance Early 1900’s: Triple Entente (GB, France, Russia)

Imperialism

Competition for colonies = more tension Ex. Scramble for Africa

Tension between rulers and the ruled Ex. Bosnians in Austrian-Hungarian Empire

Nationalism

Balkans region in SE Europe Ruled by Ottomans, then

A-H

Serbs, Bosnians, Croats, & SlovenesSerbia declared ind.

Wanted to unite Slavic peoples Supported by Russia

Bosnia annexed by A-H Angered Serbia

The spark!

June 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia

Gavrilo Princip & Black Hand Serbian nationalists Hoped for war to bring down A-H

A-H declared war on Serbia Germany support A-H if Russia supports Serbia

Serbia > Russia > France

Princip & Ferdinand

Germany’s Plan

Defeat French early, move east to RussiaMarched through Belgium > Britain declares

war on GermanySuccessful at first, but Russians invade

GermanyGermany now fighting on two fronts

Opposing Sides

Allied PowersRussiaFranceGreat BritainItaly (offered A-H

territory)

Central PowersGermanyAustria-HungaryOttoman EmpireBulgaria

The U.S.

Led by President Woodrow Wilson, declared neutrality “We must remain

neutral in thought as well as action.”

Neutrality Impossible!

Recent immigrants supported homeland Ex. 8 million German Americans

Common culture, language, political ideals as England

Historic tie to France (help during revolution)Strong business ties to Western Europe

U.S. banks heavily invested in British victory

Britain influenced neutrality Propaganda (information designed to influence opinion) Cut transatlantic cable and controlled news from Europe

Tomorrow

U.S. Neutrality: Opposing Viewpoints

MR. PRO

US HISTORY

U.S. Neutrality

Warm Up

Washington’s Farewell Address

Objective

Students will know the events bringing the U.S. into WWI.

Tension on the High Seas

British naval blockade of Germany Hoped to starve Germany

into submission

German U-boats hoped to cut off Britain from supplies Unrestricted naval warfare” Angered Americans >

feared civilian losses and hurt business profits

Lusitania

British passenger ship entered war zoneU-boat torpedoed ship > 1,200 dead

128 Americans died

Two sides: Act of terrorism! People on foreign ships did so at their own risk!

World's ReactionWilson: The U.S. was “too proud to fight”Sussex Pledge: Germany agreed no more merchant

ship sinking without warning Did not want to bring U.S. into war

Then, the U.S.

intercepted this…

What in the world?!?

Zimmerman Telegram

German telegram to MexicoIntercepted and decodedSought German / Mexican alliance

Encouraged Mexico to join war if U.S. did Mexico would get back land lost to U.S.

Germany sank 6 American ships after ZT

WAR

President Wilson announced that the U.S. must make the world “safe for democracy”. Congress granted his declaration of war.

Homework

Chapter 14 Section 2

MR. PRO

US HISTORY

Mobilization and the Homefront

Warm Up

Enlist!We are in war: How does it impact your life?

Objective

Students will know the mobilization of both U.S. resources and sentiment that takes place after WWI.

Mobilizing for War

Group work with primary source packetsBig idea!

What do these sources tell you about the NEEDS and FEARS of Americans during WWI?

Ex. Many military commercials today. Shows a need for enlistment.

Extra credit! Bake something using a WWI rationing recipe.

US HISTORY

MR. PRO

Trench Warfare

Warm Up

Warning…graphic!

Objective

Students will know the new technologies and styles of fighting that develop during WWI.

HW Review

Selective Service African Americans Women

Mobilization of industry Business more efficient than government War Industries Board Food Administration Board Daylight Savings Time Liberty Bonds

HW Review

Great Migration: African Americans move north

Committee on Public Information “Selling the war”

Limitations on rights Schenck v. U.S:. Freedom of speech

New Technology

PlanesZeppelins (blimps)Machine GunsTanksPoisonous gases

Old FightingOld FightingNew WeaponsNew Weapons

Problems arise…

Trench Warfare

Extensive networks of man made trenchesDevelops as protection against new weaponsMovement of troops difficult

Virtual stalemate

No Man’s Land Area between trenches Filled with barbed wire, bombs, mud Wide open area…bad idea!

High casualties, low success.

No-Man’s Land

Life in the trenches…

Warfare Adaptations

Poisonous Gas (Mustard) Safe way to attack enemy Watch out for strong winds!

Tanks Unreliable and difficult to maneuver Could get through no man’s land Not enough of them to make large impact

Planes At first: spy on enemy Then: Small bombs Next: Dogfights!

Homework

Americans in WWI…doughboys!Pages 464-468Stop at “Flawed Peace”

US HISTORY

MR. PRO

Wilson’s Fourteen Points

Warm Up

Can you resolve a conflict without fixing the problem that initially caused the conflict?

Objective

Students will compare President Wilson’s Peace without Victory speech with his plan for peace in order to determine if Wilson followed through with his plan of making the “world safe for democracy.”

Russian Revolution

Problems: Food and fuel shortages, lack of political and economic equality

Provisional gov’t incapable fixing problemsCommunist revolution led by LeninRussia withdrew from war

Lost land Germany now fighting on only one front

HW Review

Massive German attack on Western frontAmerican troops reinforced AlliesArgonne Forest: Significant battle for US troops

(Sept. 1918) 600,000 troops Heavy losses, but opened German line

Revolutions in A-H, Ottoman Emp. surrenderedGermany alone in conflict

Rebellions in Berlin Emperor stepped down Armistice Nov. 11, 1918

Today

Peace without Victory Graphic Organizer

Fourteen Points Questions

US HISTORY

MR. PRO

Treaty of VersaillesA Flawed Peace

Wilson’s 14 Points

No more secret agreements. Free Navigation of all seas. An end to all economic barriers between

countries. Countries to reduce weapon numbers. All decisions regarding the colonies should be

impartial. The German Army is to be removed from

Russia. Russia should be left to develop her own political set-up.

Belgium should be independent like before the war.

Wilson’s 14 Points (cont.)

France should be fully liberated and allowed to recover Alsace – Lorraine.

All Italians are to be allowed to live in Italy. Italy’s borders are to be “along clearly recognizable lines of nationality.”

Self-determination should be allowed for all those living in Austria – Hungary.

Self-determination and guarantees of independence should be allowed for the Balkan States.

The Turkish people should be governed by the Turkish government. Non – Turks in the old Turkish Empire should govern themselves.

An independent Poland should be created which should have access to the sea.

A League of Nations should be set up to guarantee the political and territorial independences of all states.

Warm Up

Did you find Wilson’s Fourteen Points to be lenient, moderate, or severe?

Objective

Students will analyze the severity of the Treaty of Versailles and make predictions for what consequences the treaty may have.

Paris Peace Conference

January 1919Big Four: President Wilson, Prime Minister

David Lloyd George, Premier Georges Clemenceau, Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando

Germany not invitedWilson seen as too lenient

The Big Four

The Men who determined the fate of the 20th century… unbeknownst to them…

Georges Clemenceau – France

Nicknamed "The Tiger".

Germany should pay for all the damage that France suffered during war.

Punish Germany so strongly that it could never start a war again.

David Lloyd George – Great Britain

Many in Britain were eager for revenge.

However Lloyd-George himself was worried about the dangers of treating Germany too harshly.

Vittorio Orlando – Italy

Italy had declared war on Germany in 1915, and had been promised territory as a reward for changing sides.

Orlando's main aim was to get the extra land for Italy - he wanted his 'fair share' from the spoils of war.

Woodrow Wilson – United States

The USA had only declared war in April 1917 and thus experienced far fewer casualties.

He believed Germany should be treated fairly and that a 'League of Nations' should be set up to settle future disputes between countries.

Treaty of Versailles

Germany… Severe limitations on armed forces

Less then 100,000 men in Army Navy reduced to 6 ships – no U–Boats

$33 billion in reparations Take blame for war Lose land to France, Russia, Belgium Loss of colonies to League of Nations

Ended Empires: German, Ottoman, Russian, Austria-Hungary

9 new countries (Yugoslavia, Poland)League of Nations accepted

Treaty of Versailles in the U.S.

Treaty highly criticized, especially League of Nations“Irreconcilables “

“entangling alliances” WashingtonReservationists

Would ratify treaty with changes to League of Nations Wilson refused

Wilson sought public support, but stress damaged health (stroke)

U.S. did not ratify treaty > made separate peace with Central Powers

Isolationist Perspective

What do you thin k the cartoonist meant by this cartoon?

Homework

Chapter 14.4

US HISTORY

MR.PRO

Lasting Impact

Warm Up

How did the United States differ from other nations involved in WWI?

Objective

Students will know the status of the United States as a world power after WWI.

After the War

Reading and QuestionBig Idea: How did the war impact the status

of the U.S. on a global scale?

Germany

France

Great Britain