Warm-up List 10 lab safety rules.

Do you have the proper heading on your paper? REMEMBER: You will keep this paper ALL

week. Put it somewhere you won’t lose it!

Process Skills

*Observation

A fact learned directly from the senses.

Sight Smell Touch Hearing Taste

When observing, always: Write the time and date of

the observation Record observations at the

time they were made; Make both quantitative and

qualitative observations.

Quantitative and Qualitative observations. Quantitative—

observations involving measurements

Qualitative—observations of properties such as texture (comparing to known).

*Measuring

using metric units to describe objects or observations

*Inferring

Using past experience to make a reasonable guess to explain observed events

*Predicting—

Using prior knowledge to make a forecast about a future event.

*Classifying

Group objects or events based on similarities or differences

*Defining Operationally

State information about an object or event based on experience with it.

What it IS What it ISN’T

observable Dictionary definition

synonym

*Communicating

Use words, pictures, and diagrams to share information

*Making Models Construct real

or mental representations to explain ideas, objects, or events

*Investigating Performing a set

of steps to answer a specific question or problem.

Scientific Process

A series of steps that is used to find answers to questions about the world around us.

Problem The problem must be written as one QUESTION The problem must identify the variables. The question must be testable and measurable.

Variables Things that can be changed are

called variables. Every investigation should have 2

variables. Manipulated (Independent) variable

– the thing the researcher is changing

Responding (Dependent) variable – the thing the researcher is measuring.

Research Gather more information

You can look for prior research in the library

You can ask people who know about the topic (teacher)

Use the information to form a hypothesis – you don’t always write down your research.

Hypothesis Should be written as an if/then statement

Example: If food coloring is added to the water, then the flowers petals will change colors.

This is a prediction of what will happen in an experiment and should be based on your research and observations

Experiment List materials needed in a column (no numbers,

capitalize name brands only)capitalize name brands only) Develop a numbered procedure. Use complete

sentences.

Experiment Follow the steps in your

procedure Record data and observations

using the Metric System

Analyze Data Is the data

reliable? Does it support

your hypothesis? Record your data

on graphs and charts.

Draw Conclusions Claim Evidence Reasoning

Claim~ A statement that answers the problem.

Your hypothesis is a prediction of what the answer to the problem is. The claim is the answer to the problem.

Evidence~ scientific data that supports

the claim~data can be numbers

(quantitative data) or observations using the five senses (qualitative data)

Reasoning

~ the explanation that shows why the data counts as evidence to support the claim

~ the explanation often includes scientific principles or background knowledge of the topic

Practice

On your paper, write a statementexplaining whether or not any of

the liquids are the same substance.

Density Color Mass Melting Point

Liquid 1 0.93 g/mL no color 38g -98°C

Liquid 2 0.79 g/mL no color 38g 26°C

Liquid 3 13.6 g/mL silver 21g -39°C

Liquid 4 0.93 g/mL no color 38g -98°C

0 points 1 point 2 points

ClaimNo claim Claim is incorrect

States that liquid 1 & 4 are the same.

Evidence No evidence

Missing numbers or units for 1 or

more substances

Gives the density with units of all

substances

Reasoning

No reasoning or

repeats claim /

evidence

Incomplete – missing

explanation of using properties for

identification.

Explains properties can be used to

identify a substance and substances 1 & 4

have the same properties which

means they are the same thing.

How did you do?