What do you want to do when you leave high school? WARM UP
#2
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Proteins that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms
ENZYMES
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What are some functions of proteins? What is the monomer of a
protein? What is the structure of a protein? What does ase mean?
(Latin and Greek!) The order of amino acids is important! Consider
this: Grandma and I ate dinner for my birthday. And for my birthday
dinner I ate grandma. PROTEINS A REVIEW
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What lowers the energy needed? WHICH GRAPH SHOWS LESS ENERGY
BEING USED?
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Cleaners Cheesemaking Proteases, lipases, carbohyrases EXAMPLES
OF ENZYMES
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Enzymes are more important than food, water, or air! Why?
Without enzymes, you wouldnt be able to breathe or use the water
you drink or food you eat. -Digest our food -Help make new cells
-Maintain/repair tissues (skin, bones, muscle, etc) ENZYMES DO WHAT
JOBS IN OUR BODIES?
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Very specific Do not react with the substrates Do their job
over and over again ENZYMES AS PROTEIN ROBOTS
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HOW DO ENZYMES WORK?
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How do Enzymes Work? A substrate(s) fits into the active site
on the enzyme. The enzyme lowers the energy required to complete
the reaction. The product no longer fits the binding site and is
released.
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Induced fit model Active site is reshaped each Time a molecule
binds ANOTHER MODEL
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Lock and key model EACH ENZYME IS SPECIFIC TO A SINGLE
REACTION
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Enzymes: Protein catalysts found in living things Catalyst:
decreases the energy needed to start a reaction Reactions: a change
in chemical structure Denature: A change in the shape of an enzyme
that makes it useless. The substrate no longer fits into the active
site. Specific: Each enzyme does a certain job Substrate: Each
enzyme binds to a specific reactant, or substrate Active site:
Where the substrate fits into the enzyme Products: What the
substrate becomes AFTER it interacts with an enzyme ENZYME
VOCABULARY
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What did your hands represent? What did the whole toothpick
represent? Where was the active site? What did the broken toothpick
represent? TOOTHPICKASE
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Think about toothpickase, what affected how fast the enzyme
could work? Temperature Competition with inhibitors Concentration
(amount in a certain area) Of enzyme Of substrate pH HOW FAST CAN
ENZYMES WORK?
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COMPETITIVE INHIBITION What would happen if something else
binds with the enzyme? The is competition.
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DENATURED ENZYME What happens when something changes the shape
of the Enzyme? The substrate no longer fits into its Active Site.
The key is the same, but the lock has been changed. What would this
do to your body and its energy?
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DO ENZYMES BUILD OR TAKE APART? Take ApartBuild AND
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Made of proteins Speed up reactions Are specific NOT used up
during the reaction Require specific conditions to work They become
denatured when they are at high temperatures or the wrong pH Reduce
the energy needed for a reaction PROPERTIES OF ENZYMES
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Can you describe What is happening Here? PAIR/SHARE
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All enzymes work best at a neutral pH TRUE OR FALSE?
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The names of all enzymes end in -ase TRUE OR FALSE?
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Enzymes are packaged and sold in stores TRUE OR FALSE?
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Brain cells contain enzymes TRUE OR FALSE?
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Cooked food is made of cells and therefore contains enzymes.
TRUE OR FALSE?
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The enzymes in cooked food work the same way as enzymes in raw
food. TRUE OR FALSE?
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All cells contain the same enzymes TRUE OR FALSE
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The human body has an estimated 75,000 different enzymes TRUE
OR FALSE
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Enzymes are used up during a reaction TRUE OR FALSE
Slide 32
Single celled organisms have enzymes TRUE OR FALSE