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Warm-Up #6 4/19/131) Label each Pyramid below.
2) Place the following animals into a food pyramid in order: Squirrel, Tree, Fox Bear.
3) Fill in the 2 missing parts on this diagram.
After the Quiz
Turn it in to Mrs. Ison and get your grade
Put your grade on your grade sheet4/19/13 Ecology and Energy Flow Quiz__
Get out your food Web sheets and answer the questions on the back
Biomes
Ecology-Unit 10Chapter 4
BiomesTerrestrial community with similar temperatures, precipitation, plants, and animals
Each biome has a typical
climate diagram with average
temperatures and precipitation
through the year
Climate GraphThe blue bars show the precipitation by month. The precipitation scale is on the left
The red dots on the curved line show the temperature by month. The temperature scale is on the right.
Biomes
Location determines climate
Climate determines plants presentEx. Cacti have water conserving structures
Plants determine animals presentEx. Cactus eating finches
Location+Climate+Plants+Animals=Biome
0o N latitude
Equator
90o N latitude
North Pole
As latitude and altitude increase, temperature and organism
diversity decreases
Biomes
Tropical Rain Forest
Near EquatorHigh precipitationHigh temperaturesPoor soilHigh diversity of lifeDense trees—canopy Very little light gets to the forest floor!!Sparse grass
Tropical Dry Forest
Central America, Africa, & AsiaVariable precipitation Dry & rainy seasons
Mild temperaturesRich soilModerate diversity of lifeDeciduous trees lose their leaves
Tropical SavannaSouth America, Africa, & AustraliaPrecipitation variableMild temperaturesClay soilModerate diversitySparse treesDense grassesLions, zebras, elephants
DesertAfrica, Asia, Australia, N. America, S. America, Low precipitationVariable temperature Hot days Cold nights
Poor soilModerate diversityNO treesSparse grassesCactus, lizards, small mammals
Animal adaptations: Wide feet to give
stability on sandy ground
Large ears to cool off the body
Camouflage coloring for protection from predators
Plant adaptations: Needle like leaves to
reduce water loss
Hot deserts
Cold desert Antarctica
Temperate Grassland
N. America, Europe, Asia, S. AmericaModerate precipitationHot summersRich soilModerate diversityNO treesDense grassesDeer & buffaloFarmland
Temperate Woodland and Shrubland
West coast of N. & S. America, Mediterranean, AustraliaLow precip in summerModerate precip in winterHot summersPoor soilLow diversityMedium trees-spiny shrubsMedium grassesRodents, lizards, coyote, birds
Temperate ForestEastern N. America, Europe, Japan, AustraliaModerate precipitationModerate summersCold wintersRich soilHigh diversityDense trees-Oak, maple, some conifersSparse grassesFox, deer, bear, squirrel, birds, rabbit
Northwest Coniferous Forest
Pacific NorthwestHigh precipitationMild summerCold winterRocky, acidic soilLow diversityDense trees-Conifers!Sparse grassesDeer, elk, wolves, owls, bears, bobcats
Boreal ForestAlso called TaigaNorthern portions of N. America, Europe, AsiaModerate precipMild summersCold wintersPoor, acidic soilModerate diversityDense trees-conifers!Sparse grassesLynx, moose, wolves
TundraExtreme northern areasLow precipitationShort, wet summersCold wintersPoor soilLow diversityNO treesMedium grassesPermafrostLichens-photosyntheticCaribou, wolves, bear
Aquatic Ecosystems¾ of Earth covered by water3% is freshwater
Ecosystems are determined by:Depth—amount
of lightFlowTemperatureChemistry—
amount of salt
Aquatic Ecosystems
Freshwater Flowing water Standing water Freshwater wetlands
Estuaries—fresh water flows into the ocean, influenced by tides Salt marshes
Chesapeake Bay Mangrove swamps
Florida
Marine Photic Zone—
light penetrates to 200m.
Aphotic Zone—no light penetrates
Other zones: Intertidal Coastal
ocean Coral reefs Open ocean Benthic zone
Ten Major BiomesBiome Precipitation Temperature Soil Diversity Trees Grasses
Tropical Rain Forest
high hot poor high dense sparse
Tropical Dry Forest
variable mild rich moderate medium medium
Tropical Savanna variable mild clay moderate sparse dense
Desert low variable poor moderate sparse sparse
Temperate Grassland
moderate summer hot rich moderate absent dense
Temperate woodland and Shrubland
summer low, winter moderate
summer hot poor low medium medium
Temperate Forest
moderate summer moderate, winter cold
rich high dense sparse
Northwestern Coniferous Forest
high summer mild, winter cold
rocky, acidic
low dense sparse
Boreal Forest moderate summer mild, winter cool
poor, acidic moderate dense sparse
Tundra low summer mild, winter cold
poor low absent medium