Warm Up1. Sort the following cars into groups:

Essential Questions

EQ: How is the PToE organized?

HOT Q1: What are the properties of the alkali metals? Noble gases? Halogens?

HOT Q2: What are “valence electrons”?

HOT Q3: How do we draw electron configurations?

Agenda

• Warm Up/Objective• Test Return/Tracking• Meet the Periodic Table!• Valence Electron Re-Loop• Exit Ticket

Test Return / Tracking

• Averages:

Video: Elements and The Periodic Table

Background Info:Element: The “building blocks” of matter – cannot be broken down by physical or chemical means

Video: Elements and The Periodic Table

Grab PToE and colored pencils!

1. Why do companies put rubber handles on metal pots?

Metalloids

Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium , Astatine

Concensus

• The elements can be sorted into three groups: metals, non-metals, and metalloids.

• Metals have luster, malleability and conduct heat and electricity

• Nonmetals are brittle and poor conductors• Metalloids have properties of both metals and

nonmetals

Videos: Alkali Metals, Halogens, and Noble Gases

Background Info: Groups (Also called “Families”): Columns (go up and down) on PToEPeriods: Rows (go across) on PToE

Video: Alkali Metals

Bananas are a great source of ________.

Video: Halogen Group

1. What chemical goes in pools?

Video: Noble Gases

1. What’s inside Neon signs?

Consensus• Elements in the same group have similar chemical

properties• Elements on the far right (the Noble gases) are the

least reactive• Elements on the far left (the alkali metals) are the most

reactive.

• Elements are sorted into groups or families (vertical columns) based on their chemical properties

… but what determines these chemical properties?

• Consensus (cont’d)• The specific properties of an element are

caused by the number of VALENCE ELECTRONS it has

• Valence electrons = electrons on the outermost shell

• Wait… what?! What are electron shells???

The shell closest to the nucleus is PRIME real estate. Only two electrons get to live there.

As you go farther from the nucleus, shells get less exclusive.

Electron ShellsElectrons will the fill the shells nearest to the

nucleus first!!!How shells fill:

BUT you cannot have more than 8 electrons in the outermost shell!!!

Electrons in the outermost shell = valence electrons

ELECTRON SHELL

MAX NUMBER OF ELECTRONS

1ST 2

2ND 8

3rd 18

4th 32

NOTES

Let’s look at an example on WS 5.1

Beryllium Atomic number:

Protons:Neutrons:Atomic mass: 9Valence

Electrons:

Another example…

Magnesium Atomic

number:Protons:Neutrons:Atomic mass:

24

Partner Practice

• Draw the electron configuration for a Argon atom with a mass number of 40 amu. State the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons and VALENCE ELECTRONS

• Remember…ELECTRON SHELL

MAX NUMBER OF ELECTRONS

1ST 2

2ND 8

3rd 18

4th 32

Partner Practice

• Draw the electron configuration of a Neon atom with a mass number of 20. State the number of protons, electrons, and VALENCE ELECTRONS.

Partner Practice

• Draw the electron configuration of an oxygen atom with a mass number of 16. State the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons and VALENCE ELECTRONS.

• Get out your PToE!

Group 1 (alkali metals) have 1 valence electronGroup 1 (alkali metals) have 1 valence electron

Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) have 2 valence electronsGroup 2 (alkaline earth metals) have 2 valence electrons

Group 13 elements have 3 valence electronsGroup 13 elements have 3 valence electrons

Group 14 elements have 4 valence electronsGroup 14 elements have 4 valence electrons

Group 15 elements have 5 valence electronsGroup 15 elements have 5 valence electrons

Group 16 elements have 6 valence electronsGroup 16 elements have 6 valence electrons

Group 17 (halogens) have 7 valence electronsGroup 17 (halogens) have 7 valence electrons

Group 18 (Noble gases) have 8 valence electrons, except helium, which has only 2

Group 18 (Noble gases) have 8 valence electrons, except helium, which has only 2

Transition metals (“d” block) have 1 or 2 valence electronsTransition metals (“d” block) have 1 or 2 valence electrons

Lanthanides and actinides (“f” block) have 1 or 2 valence electrons

Lanthanides and actinides (“f” block) have 1 or 2 valence electrons

Valence electrons

12 3 4 5 6 7

81 or 2

1 or 2

Worksheet 5.1

• Fill it out. Fill it out.

Exit Ticket

Fluorine Atomic number:

Protons:Neutrons:Atomic mass: 19Valence Electrons: