Warm Up1. Explain the difference between delegated powers and

reserved powers.2. The 10th amendment gave powers to…3. Which Article in the Constitution defines the Legislative

Branch?4. Which Article in the Constitution defines the Executive

Branch?5. Which Article in the Constitution defines the Judicial

Branch?6. What is the main role of the Legislative Branch?7. What is the main role of the Judicial Branch?8. What is the main role of the Executive Branch?9. Which branch of government can override a Presidential

veto?10. Which branch of government includes the President, Vice

President, and the Cabinet?

The Bill of RightsThe Bill of RightsThe Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights

Amendments and Landmark Amendments and Landmark Supreme Court CasesSupreme Court Cases

Vocabulary• Judicial review: The power to

declare a law unconstitutional

• Supremacy Clause: States that the Federal Gov’t is more powerful than the State Gov’ts

Vocabulary• Constitutional: when a law and

the Constitution agree

• Unconstitutional: when a law conflicts with the Constitution

Vocabulary• Majority opinion: the ruling of

the Supreme Court

• Concurring opinion: a justices add-on to the majority opinion

Vocabulary• Dissenting opinion: the opinion

of justices that disagree with the majority opinion

• Writ of certiorari: when the Supreme Court agrees to hear a case from a lower court

Vocabulary• Unanimous: when all 9 justices

agree

1st Amendment: Freedom of RAPPS (p.3)

• R – Religion• A – Assembly• P – Press• P – Petition• S – Speech

Landmark Supreme Court Cases

Texas vs. Johnson (1989)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– The act of burning the U.S. flag is

a form of symbolic speech protected by the First and Fourteenth Amendment

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended the rights of the 1st

Amendment

Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– Students do not shed their First

Amendment rights in schools if they are not causing a disturbance during the school day.

– Schools do have the authority to regulate clothing, aggressive, disruptive actions, and demonstrations

• Extend or Limits Rights– Extended the 1st Amendment

Bethel School District v. Fraser (1986)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– School officials may limit the

free speech rights of students in a public school in order to prevent disruptions of the schools education mission

• Extend of Limit Rights– Limited the 1st Amendment

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier

(1988)• Lasting Impact on

Americans– Public school administrators

and teachers may restrict the content of a school newspaper in order to serve a valid educational purpose

• Extend or Limit Rights– Limited rights of the 1st

Amendment

Freedom of Religion

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– Reciting a daily prayer in

schools is an unconstitutional violation of the First Amendment’s establishment clause

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended the First Amendment

rights

Closure• How has the Supreme Court used its

power of judicial review to ensure equality for all citizens?

• In what ways has the U.S. Supreme Court protected unpopular speech?

• Should criminals have the same rights as law-abiding citizens?

Warm Up• Which court case established the

precedent that…– Schools can filter or limit information

that is placed into a school newspaper– Schools may limit the profane, obscene

lewd speech of a student– A school cannot require students to pray.

This court case upheld separation of church and state

– The judicial branch has judicial review

9/30/2013• Objective 2.06: Analyze court

cases that demonstrate how the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights protect the rights of individuals.

Activity• In your groups you are going to

research 6 different court cases.• Group Roles

– Leader – keeps everyone on track– Reader – reads each court case carefully– Time Keeper – make sure the group keeps

up with the time remaining – Recorder – will make sure everyone

completes all assignments and helps answer any questions your group may have

• 1st – You will fill out your KWL chart.

• 2nd – You will read the first Supreme Court Case and fill in your graphic organizer

• 3rd – You will have 10 minutes for each case.

• 4th – Finally you will complete the KWL chart

Warm Up• Complete your KWL chart from

the cooperative group activity yesterday

Rights of the Accused

4th Amendment

• Protection from unreasonable searches and seizures, unless a warrant is issued or probable cause exists.

Mapp v. Ohio (1961)• Lasting Impact on

Americans– Evidence obtained without a

warrant is unlawful and must be excluded from use in state as well as federal criminal cases

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended 4th Amendment

rights

New Jersey v. T.L.O (1967)• Lasting Impact on Americans

– School officials may properly conduct a search of a student if the official has a reasonable suspicion that a crime has been committed or reasonable cause to believe that the search is necessary to maintain school discipline and safety.

• Extend or Limit Rights– Limit 4th Amendment rights

5th Amendment• Life, liberty, & property can not be taken

without due process. • Protection from being charged with the

same crime twice (double jeopardy). • Protection from self-incrimination (‘I

plead the 5th’)• Government cannot take private

property (eminent domain) without compensation.

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– All suspects must be read and understand

their rights (Miranda Rights)

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended 5th Amendment rights

“You have the right to remain silent, anything you say can be used against you in a court of law, you have the right to an attorney, if you can’ t afford one, one will be appointed.”

6th Amendment: Right to

• A speedy trail by a jury of peers (Magna Carta)

• Be informed of the crimes you are being accused of

• The assistance of council (lawyer/attorney)

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– Any person accused of a crime is entitled

to legal representation, and if they cannot afford on attorney one will be appointed and paid for by the government.

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended 6th Amendment rights

In Re Gault (1967)• Lasting Impact on Americans

– Minors are guaranteed the same due process rights as adults. Minors must get adequate notice of charges, notification of both parents and rights to counsel. Minors also have the opportunity for confrontation and cross-examination at the hearings

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended the 6th and the 14th Amendment

rights

Before and After Illustrations

1. Place the name & year at the top of your paper

2. Draw a scene that would take place before that Supreme Court Case

3. Draw a scene that would take place after the case that the represents the impact of the case on the U.S. today.

4. You will not be graded on artistic ability5. You will be graded on

– clarity of the illustration– accurate representation of the impact

Creating Political Cartoons

1. Brainstorm ideas for your cartoon; you have to understand the topic you choose. Think of possible ideas in your head that you could create, and do not neglect ideas if they seem stupid.

2. Roughly draw a sketch of the idea that you like the most. Do a rough drawing/sketch on what you think is the best that you thought of.

3. Start drawing your idea. Draw your cartoon, have patience and make sure that it is readable and makes sense.

4. Make sure your idea shows symbolism. If you make your cartoon on just two people talking and show no symbolism, that is not a political cartoon. Show symbolism about the topic.

5. Analyze other political cartoons. In order to create a type of standard for your cartoon to follow, look at other cartoons and see how they use symbolism. Check the back cupboards or think about those we discussed in class.

6. Do not make the political cartoon too easy to analyze. Make the cartoon understandable, but yet hard to make the reader think about the topic and get their mind working.

7. When you are done look at it and see if it makes you think to understand it. Look at it when you’re done and see if it makes sense and yet still difficult to analyze.

8. Add color or shading effects to bring your work to life.9. Create a title. (Make sure it is creative and symbolic. If you are going to create a title, always make it creative;

for example, “The Trail of Tears”.

10. Have fun and enjoy it. Don’t stress, enjoy making it.

Examples…

• Constitutional Law Cartoons

Closure

• How has the U.S. Supreme Court protected the rights of citizens under the age of 18? (Think about the Supreme Court Case!)

• Is the Supreme Court the most powerful of the three branches of government? Explain!

Warm Up – 3/9/12• The role of the judicial branch is to ________________

laws. • What is the highest court in the United States?• What court is the Federal trial court?• What federal court has ONLY appellate jurisdiction?• What federal court has ONLY original jurisdiction?• The power to review a case from a lower court• How many Supreme Court justices are there?• This is the written opinion of the Supreme Court

8th Amendment: Protection from …

• Excessive bails• Cruel or unusual punishment

Furman v. Georgia (1972)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– The death penalty should only be

used in cases where the execution can be said to be inhuman and barbarous.

• Extended or limited rights– Limited the 8th amendment

Gregg v. Georgia (1976)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– The death penalty is ok when a suspect is

convicted of deliberately killing another person

• Extend or Limit Rights– Extended the 8th Amendment

Other AmendmentsOther AmendmentsOther AmendmentsOther Amendments

The Civil War Amendments

• 13th – Ended Slavery• 14th – Equal Protection Under the

law, Extended due process to the states, gave citizenship to former slaves

• 15th – All men gained the right to vote regardless of race

Suffrage Amendments• 19th – Gave all women the right to vote• 23rd – Washington DC gained electoral

college votes• 24th – Ended poll taxes• 26th – All 18 year olds gained the right to

vote• 22nd – President is limited to two terms• 25th – Line of Secession (who comes after

the president)

14th Amendment• No state shall deprive (take away)

citizens life, liberty, or property without due process

• All people born or naturalized in the US are citizens

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– Separate facilities are acceptable as

long as they are equal.– Established the idea of “separate but

equal”

• Extended or limited rights– Limited the 14th amendment

Brown v. Board of Education

• Lasting Impact on Americans– Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson

(separate but equal)– Segregation is illegal and is a denial

of the equal protect of the laws.

• Extended or limited rights– Extended the 14th amendment

Swann v. CMS (1971)• Lasting Impact on Americans

– Busing students is acceptable as long as it promotes desegregation

• Extended or limited rights– Extended the 14th Amendment

Warm Up 3/12/12• Study for Quiz!

Warm Up 3/12/121. The power of the Supreme Court to decided if laws are constitutional or

unconstitutional2. When a law is in line with the constitution3. The right to vote4. Determines who becomes president should he not be able to fulfill his

duties5. Following established legal proceedings fairly6. Putting someone on trial for a crime of which he or she was previously

acquitted7. Powers that Congress has that are not stated explicitly in the

Constitution8. Gives Congress the right to make all laws “necessary and proper” to

carry out its expressed powers9.  The right of government to take private property for public use10.The first 10 amendments

Heart of Atlanta Hotel v. US (1964)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– Congress has the power under the

commerce clause in Article 1 of the constitution to prohibit racial discrimination in privately owned accommodations, such as hotels and restaurants within a state

• Extended or limited rights– Extended the 14th Amendment

Korematsu v. US (1944)

• Lasting Impact on Americans– In times of war it may be necessary

to place restrictions which may take away civil rights of a single racial group

• Extended or limited rights– limited the 14th amendment

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)• Lasting Impact on Americans

– Race can be one of the factors when choosing students for a diverse student body.

– Affirmative action

• Extended or limited rights– Extended the 14th Amendment

Marbury v. Madison

• Lasting Impact

JUDICIAL REVIEW – allows the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v.

Ogden (1824)• The lasting impact of these cases

established that the US Constitution and the National Government are the Supreme Law of the land

Amendment ProcessTo PROPOSE

2/3 of the House & Senate approves the amendment

OR

A National Convention called by 2/3 of the states approves the amendment

To RATIFY

¾ of state legislatures approve the amendment

OR

¾ of state conventions approve the amendment

NC Supreme Court NC Supreme Court CasesCases

NC Supreme Court NC Supreme Court CasesCases

State of NC vs. Mann• Lasting Impact on North

Carolina• Supremacy of the NC Constitution

over state statutes

The Leandro Case

Lasting Impact on North Carolina

• All NC Students are entitled to a ‘sound and basic’ education.

Puzzle

Closure

• How has the Supreme Court used its power of judicial review to ensure equality for all citizens?

• How has the Supreme Court changed its views to adjust to changing times?