Warm up 06/12/13 Warm up: What was the biggest challenge that your group faced during this project? How would you improve the situation in the future?

Warm up 06/12/13

• Warm up:• What was the biggest challenge that your group

faced during this project? • How would you improve the situation in the

future?

Today’s planned activities:

Students complete engineering design reflections packet as guided by the teacher.

This week:

Tuesday :Final launch

Wednesday: Finish reflections, celebration (book turn in)

Thursday : End of the year survey / engineering videos

Warm up 06/11/13

• Warm up:

• Predict the distance that your rocket will travel.



This week:




Warm up 06/10/13

• Warm up:

• Which design elements seem to increase the distance the most?



This week:




Warm up 06/10/13

• Warm up:

• Which design elements seem to increase the distance the most?



This week:




Warm up 06/07/13

• Warm up:

• Which changes to your prototypes do you think will help your rocket the most?


Rocket launch testing

Due today:

Progress check : 40 points

-20 points for being on task during the entire work time.

-20 points for writing down successes,challenges and setbacks

Warm up 06/06/13

• Warm up:

• No warm up


Science articles

Due today:




Warm up 6/05/13

• Warm up:

• Why do engineers often build a small scale prototype before building the full size prototype?


Rocket building /alteration

Video notes: space science

Due today:




Warm up 6/04/13

• Warm up:

• How does air resistance affect projectiles?


Rocket building/ small scale testing

Due today:




Warm up 6/03/13

• Warm up:

• What initial additions did you make to your bottles to help solve the problem of flipping?


Round 1 launch tests continued

Due today:




Warm up 5/31/13

• Warm up:

• What problems do you think will arise with a plain bottle being launched?


Round 1 launch tests

Due today:




Warm up 5/30/13

• Warm up:

• No warm up


Science Articles

Due today:




Warm up 5/29/13

• Warm up:

• How is compressed air similar and different from real rocket fuel as a propellant?


Research power point poster presentation

Due today:




Warm up 5/28/13

• Warm up:

• Why do engineers often build a small scale prototype before building the full size prototype?


Research power point posters

Due today:




Research Presentation

• 60 points due Wednesday May 29th• Explain the following aeronautic concepts and how

they can be controlled during flight. Use at least one slide for each concept below:

• Drag• Pitch• Roll• Yaw

Research Presentation (Air and Water Pressure)

• 60 points due Friday May 31st • You will need to create a presentation with at least six

slides (2 slides for each topic) in which you will researchHow water (liquids) behave on the molecular level under varying

pressures.

How air (gases) behave on the molecular level under varying pressures.(see gas laws)

Recommended mixtures of water/air for compressed air rockets and rationale (reason/explanation) for each recommended mixture.

Advanced Biology 5/24/13• Warm up:

• Which launch angle do physicists say give the best horizontal distance?


Engineering challenge


• What did you learn about bacteria during your experiment?


Experiment power point work time.

Engineering Challenge

• Your group will design a compressed air powered vehicle made from the frame of a 1liter or 2 liter plastic bottle.

• Your group will test and optimize the three following variables:

• Angle of launch

• Amount of water to put in the bottle

• Aerodynamic attachments for the exterior

Advanced Biology 5/16/13• Warm up: • Experiment review: • Which chemical(s) seems to kill the bacteria

the most? • Which chemical(s) was not as effective as the

others?Today’s planned activities:

Experiment power point work time.

If done early: (nervous system)

- p.897 definitions (due Thurs)

-P.900 #1-5 + thinking visually (due Thurs)

-p.901 definitions (due Thurs)

-p.905 #1-6 (due Thurs)

Advanced Biology 5/14/13• Warm up: • Experiment reflection: • Which variables did you control? • Which variable was changed in each trial

attempt?


Experiment power point work time. (Due Tues 21st)

If done early: (nervous system)

- p.897 definitions (due Thurs)

-P.900 #1-5 + thinking visually (due Thurs)


• Why does being pregnant make it harder for the mother to maintain homeostasis?


Mini-group presentations.

Respiratory system exploration worksheet

Group article review / presentation making

Later this week:

--Cardiovascular/ Respiratory systems of other organisms


• What is the main function of the lungs?




Group article review / presentation making

Later this week:



Why is it important to regularly engage in activities that cause the cardiovascular system to speed up moderately? (cardio)




Later this week:



How does increased heart rate help your body maintain homeostasis during active periods such as running?


Check bacteria growth

Homeostasis lab



Later this week:

--Cardiovascular systems of other organisms

Homeostasis Lab• Your resting heart rate:

• Your heart rate after walking:

• Test subject’s resting heart rate:

• Test subject’s heart rate after running 400m (within a minute of finishing):

• Test subject’s heart rate 5 minutes after running:

Task 1: Collect data from your group. Figure out the average percent increase in heart rate from resting to walking.

Task 2: Collect data from all of the test subjects (runners). Figure out the average percent increase in heart rate from resting to running.

Task 3: Collect data from all of the test subjects (runners). Figure out the average percent decrease in heart rate from 1 minute after running to five minutes after running.

Advanced BiologyWarm up 5/06/13

• Warm up:

• When someone performs CPR…what general actions do they need to complete?





Later this week:

-Homeostasis lab

-Cardiovascular systems of other organisms


• Warm up:

• Describe at least three ways that your body responds when it gets too cold.



Mini-group presentations work time.

Extra credit video

Monday:

-Mini-group presentations


• No warm up 4/31 or 5/1 (OAKS testing)

• Warm up:

• Describe at least three ways that your body responds when it gets too warm.



Mini-group presentations work time.

Later this week:

-Mini-group presentations

-Video: Homeostasis/ Circulation

Mini-Group Presentations• Groups of 2 (or by yourself)• 50 points (due Friday)• Find 5 different examples of organisms (only 1

can be human) maintaining homeostasis. Each example should be a different factor.

• For each example include:• The factor that is being balanced (temperature, blood sugar,

hydration, oxygen, salinity, waste, nutrients/vitamins, etc.)• Explain how that organism maintains the balance. Mention the

specialized cells or cell parts that work to maintain the balance. • A diagram of the organism or the cell structures of the organism that

are useful in maintaining a balance of the factor mentioned.

Adv. BiologyWarm up 4/29/13

• Warm up:• Which chemical in

our experiment do you predict will inhibit bacterial growth the best?


Apply chemical to bacteria

Online OAKS practice test

Later this week:

-OAKS testing

-Concept unit: homeostasis


• Warm up:

• If we were to continually apply a chemical to a population of bacteria over many generations (of bacteria), what do you expect would happen to the bacteria?



Read science articles and complete reading worksheet


• Warm up:

• No warm up today (sub)



Read science articles and complete reading worksheet


• Warm up:

• How do some bacteria help plants?


Bacteria Experiment phase 3

Later his week:

Animals : Body systems / Homeostasis

BiologyWarm up 4/23/13

• Warm up:

• What are three reproductive parts of a plant?


Plant dissection

Later his week:



• Warm up:

• NO WARM UP TODAY.

• Read over your warm up answers.

• Some of those questions are on the test.Today’s planned activities:

QUIZ

Tech-book journal due today

Extra Credit options due next week

Next week:



• Warm up:• Explain the role of fruit in plant reproduction. • How does making fruit benefit the plant ? • Give an example of a specific fruit that

demonstrates this benefit. Today’s planned activities:

Bacteria experiment update

Vocabulary words

Tech-book station A and B

Extra Credit options

This week:

Tech-book station A,B notebook

Quiz on Friday


• Warm up:

• How do young seedlings respond to gravity? (explain gravitropism)



Vocabulary words


Extra Credit options

This week:


Quiz on Friday

Advanced Biology Extra Credit (up to 70 points E.C.) Research which plants or plant parts are used to make medicines. For each medicine/supplement that is researched include: (35 point E.C.) -A description of a medicine that is used to treat a disease. -A description of how the medicine works in the body to treat the symptoms or the cause of the disease. -A description of the plant that is used to get the active ingredient of interest. -An explanation of the plant part/extract that is used to get the active ingredient of interest. -An explanation of how they get the ingredients from the plant. -A picture of the plant that is used -A picture of the medicine or of the medicine label You may research two different medications/supplements for a total of 70points E.C. if all parts are completed satisfactorily.


• Warm up:

• List three reproductive structures found in plants.



Vocabulary words


This week:


Quiz on Friday


• Warm up:

• What causes many allergies in the spring?


Vocabulary words

Tech-book station A

This week:


Quiz on Friday

Vocabulary List: 4/15-4/19Find the definitions to these words during your tech-book activities:

-stamen-pollen-carpel-stigma-tropism-auxin-gravitropismYou will need to the definitions to these terms in the quiz this Friday.


• Warm up:

• How are the phloem and xylem different?


Tech-book stations A, B, C due

Individual assignment is due

Practice Quiz (“Assessment”) due for each student: print out your best score, write out all of the corrected mistakes.

Due this week:

Tech-book stations A, B, C

Tech-book assignment #5 due Thursday

Tech-book assessment


• Warm up:

• Why do some plants need bacteria to get enough nitrogen?


Tech-book stations A, B, C due Wednesday

Due this week:





• Warm up:

• List at least three nutrients needed by plants.


Tech-book stations A, B, C due Wednesday

Due this week:





• Warm up:

• How are plants different from fungus?



Due this week:


Tech-book assignment #5



• Warm up:

• Write down 3 ways that fungi help human society.


Presentations

Due Today:

p. 527 Define vocabulary words

Read pages 527-529 Write a 2 sentence summary on the six different subsections.

p. 529 #1-5


• Warm up:

• Write down 3 diseases caused by fungi.


Group research : Fungi: effects on human society

Due Friday:



p. 529 #1-5


• Warm up:

• How are fungi different from bacteria?


Group research : Fungi: effects on human society

Due Later this week:

Round 2 of bacteria experiment.



p. 529 #1-5

Science articles/video reflection

Group Research: Fungi

• Your group will research fungi. • Your group will create a presentation with 5 slides:• 1 slideIntroduction/Title slide• 1 slideWays that fungus has harmed humans• 1 slideWays that fungus has helped humans• 2 slidesFungus species profile: choose a specific species of

fungus explain its main characteristics :• Image• Reproductive strategies• Habitat / Environmental conditions • Nutrition• How it affects its ecosystems (niche)• How it affects humans


• Warm up

• What are some reasons that there may not be visible bacteria growth on the plates?


Bacteria impact summaries…read 6 of the sections and write a paragraph summary of each chosen section. (60 points..due Monday 4/1)

The other sections are extra credit (10 points each..up to 50 pts EC)

Check bacterial growth, design round 2.

Later this week:

Round 2 of bacteria experiment.



p. 529 #1-5

Science articles/video reflection


• Warm up:

• Describe 2 ways to prevent food poisoning.


warm up

collect / check bacteria.

Food safety essays, bacteria impact summaries…read 6 of the sections and write a paragraph summary of each chosen section. (60 points..due Monday 4/1)

The other sections are extra credit (10 points each..up to 50 pts EC)

Next school week:

Round 2 of experiment & new unit “fungus”


• Warm up:

• What are the four steps to safe food handling?


warm up

vocabulary quiz

collect / check bacteria.

Food safety essays Next school week:



• Warm up:

• Describe ways that you can prevent contamination while checking bacteria for growth.


warm up

vocabulary quiz

Groups that finish the quiz can collect / check bacteria.

Food safety essay

Coming this week:

Wednesday: check bacteria growth, review activities

Thursday: Food safety (bacteria)

Next school week:


“Check Your Steps” Food Safety Essay

• “Check Your Steps”• Use the information in the FoodSafety.gov

article to explain how and why you need to

• CLEAN SEPARATE COOK CHILL

• You should write a paragraph for each of the four steps.

“Preventing Food Poisoning” Food Safety Essay

• Use the information in the FoodSafety.gov article to explain the major causes of food poisoning.

• Explain how the four steps CLEAN SEPARATE COOK CHILL

can help prevent the growth of the organisms that often cause food poisoning.


• Warm up:

• Describe ways that you can prevent contamination during each step of bacteria collection.

• . Today’s planned activities:

warm up

vocabulary quiz (Everyone who has not yet taken the quiz)…if you do not take it by Tues, it will be recorded as an “M”.

Groups that finish the quiz can collect bacteria.

Coming this week:

Tuesday: bacteria collection, review activities

Wednesday: check bacteria growth, review activities

Thursday: Unit Test: Bacteria and Protists

Next school week:


Step 1: make small zig zag patterns near the top third of the plate.

Step 2: Drag the same swab through the first streak and make another small zig zag pattern in a second third of the plate.

Step 3: Drag the same swab through the second streak and make another small zig zag pattern in a second third of the plate.


• Warm up:

• No warm up today….study for the vocabulary quiz.


warm up

vocabulary quiz

• Due Monday:½ page summary of reading pp.549-551 focus on

protists characteristics½ page summary of reading pp. 552-554 focus on

mitochondriap.553 #1-2p.554 #1-2½ page detailed explanation of how endosymbiosis

diverged into 5 groups (see pages 550-551) Illustrate and label the diagram on page 551


• Warm up:• Describe the techniques that you should take to clean the

work area before working with equipment during

bacterial experiments. Today’s planned activities:

warm up

Bacteria experiment (some students make agar solution)

Read pp. 549-551 and write a ½ page summary of the major characteristics of protists. Due Friday

Advanced Biology Vocabulary List 03/11 - 03/15

• Cocci• Bacilli• Spirilla• Spirochetes• Peptidoglycan• Gram stain• Gram-positive• Gram-negative• Capsule• Taxis


• Warm up

• Why is it important to have a complete written procedure before you begin your experiment?Today’s planned activities:

warm up

Bacteria experiment planning

Possible activities :

prep of work area

Prep for making agar/gelatin solution

Assignment packet due Tuesday 3/12/13

warm up

vocabulary list


• Warm up:

• What temperatures do pathogenic bacteria grow best at? (hint: research “danger zone”)


warm up



warm up

vocabulary list

Bacteria experiment packet:

Turn in packet each day, progress check Tuesday


• Warm up

• What are some ways to prevent your bacteria sample from being contaminated with bacteria that live on/in your body?


warm up



warm up

vocabulary list

Bacteria experiment packet:

Turn in packet each day, progress check Tuesday




• Cocci (coccus)

• Definition: Bacteria that have a spherical shape.

• Example: streptococcus is a bacteria that has a spherical shape.


• Bacilli (bacillus)

• Definition: Bacteria that are shaped like a rod or cylinder

Example:


• Spirilla

• Definition: Bacteria that are shaped like a spiral or helix.

• Example:


• Spirochetes

• Bacteria that are shaped like a helix and move in a twisting motion.

• Example/ extra fact: spirochetes also use flagella to move.


• Peptidoglycan

• Definition: A carbohydrate polymer in the bacterial cell wall, giving it increased structural strength.

• Example/ extra fact: bacteria with peptidoglycan in the cell wall are more difficult to kill.


• Gram stain

Definition: A method of staining bacteria using a violet stain.

Example/extra fact: Gram staining helps scientists identify bacteria.


Gram-positive

Gram-positive bacteria retain the color of the crystal violet stain in the Gram stain. This shows that the cell may have extra protection.

Example: staphlococcus are gram positive


• Gram-negative

• Gram-negative bacteria lose the crystal violet stain (and take the color of the red counterstain) in Gram's method of staining.

• These bacteria have less structural protection than gram positive bacteria.

• Example/extra fact: bacteria that lives in intestinal tract often are gram negative.


• Capsule

• Definition: A protective layer that is outside the cell wall of some bacteria.

•Example/extra fact: many resistant bacteria contain a capsule


• Taxis

• Definition: A response in which the direction of movement is affected by an environmental cue.

• Example: Many bacteria demonstrate a taxis away from antibiotics.




• Warm up

Which kinds of environments will cause robust bacterial growth?


warm up

Bacteria Report/Poster work time

Bacteria experiment exploratory research


• Warm up

Explain at least 3 ways that protists are different from bacteria.


warm up



• Warm up

Describe the benefits for the host cell and for the endosymbiont that are present during endosymbiosis.Today’s planned activities:

warm up



• Warm up:

• No warm up today



Reading notes pages 523-528


• Warm up

Describe the benefits for the host cell and for the endosymbiont that are present during endosymbiosis.Today’s planned activities:

warm up



Bacteria Poster/ Report

You will need to do two reports/posters about bacteria. Choose one pathogen and one probiotic.

Each poster/report should include:

-Major structures and shapes. Include a labeled illustration of the representative organism.

– Methods of movement (complete description)

– Methods of reproduction (complete description)

– Methods of nutrition (complete description)

– Habitat (complete description)

– Affects to human society (good or bad)

Pathogens Probiotics

Protist Poster/ Report

You will need to make two posters. One from two different phyla of protists.

Each poster/report should include:

-Major structures and shapes. Include a labeled illustration of the representative organism.

– Methods of movement (complete description)

– Methods of reproduction (complete description)

– Methods of nutrition (complete description)

– Habitat (complete description)

– Affects to human society (good or bad)

Protist Phyla• Chromobionts

• Chlorobionts

• Euglenozoa

• Rhodophytes

• Cryptomonads

• Dinozoa

• Chytrids

Choanoflagellates

Polymastigotes

Rhizopod sarcodines

Actinopod sarcodines

Microsporidia

Haplosporidia

Apicomplexans

Myxozoa

Ciliates

Warm up 2/26/13

• Warm up

• No warm up today


Read 2 science Articles and complete article review worksheet

Read pages 497-498 p.498 #1-6 due 3/1

Read pages 498-505 p. 505 #1-6 due 3/1


• Warm up

• What are three differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?


warm up

vocabulary list

If time is available:


Advanced Biology Vocabulary list 2/25-3/1(see pages 523-533…..chapter 26.4 to 26.6)

• Eukaryote (p.523)• Endosymbiont (p.523)• Mitochondria (p.524)• Chloroplast (p.524)• Mixotricha paradoxa (page 525 picture caption)

• Snowball Earth hypothesis (p.526)• Cambrian explosion (p.526)• Tetrapods (p.527)


• Eukaryote (p.523)

• Definition: A cell that contains a membrane that surrounds the cell’s DNA.

• Example: Plants, animals, protists and fungi have eukaryotic cells.


• Endosymbiont (p.523)

• Definition: A cell that lives inside another cell.

• Example: Many scientists theorize that mitochondria and chloroplasts started as endosymbionts.


• Mitochondria (p.524)

• Definition: Cell organelle that breaks down sugar to regenerate ATP.

• Example: Eukaryotes contain mitochondria to fuel the cell.


• Chloroplast (p.524)

• Definition: An organelle that uses light energy to convert CO2 and H2O into sugars which will be used by mitochondria.

• Example: Plants and algae contain chloroplasts.


• Mixotricha paradoxa (page 525 picture caption)

• Definition: An organism that lives in the gut of termites. This is an example of a complex symbiosis between a bacteria, protist and an animal.

• Example: Termites depend on the mixotricha paradoxa in order to digest wood.

• Note: This protist uses three types of bacteria on its surface to move and another type of bacteria to digest wood.


• Snowball Earth hypothesis (p.526)

• Definition: A period of geologic history when most of the world was frozen. Living cells were confined to small pockets of thawed water.

• Example: The first major diversification of multicellular eukaryotes corresponded to the end of the frozen period often called snowball earth.


Cambrian explosion (p.526)

Definition: A period beginning about 530 million years ago that demonstrates a large explosion of diversity among animals.

• Example: The fossil records show a rapid increase in diversity during the cambrian explosion.


• Tetrapods (p.527)

• Definition: Terrestrial (land-based) vertebrates with four limbs .

• Example: Humans, dogs and cats are some examples of tetrapods.


• Eukaryote (p.523)• Endosymbiont (p.523)• Mitochondria (p.524)• Chloroplast (p.524)• Mixotricha paradoxa (page 525 picture caption)

• Snowball Earth hypothesis (p.526)• Cambrian explosion (p.526)• Tetrapods (p.527)


• Warm up

No warm up today


OAKS science assessment


• Warm up

No warm up today


OAKS science assessment


• Warm upThere is a diagram on the board of a planet and objects

that might orbit that planet. Tell which object and position would demonstrate

the most gravitational pull…also describe the object and position that would demonstrate the smallest gravitation pull.


Warm up

OAKS science assessment review


• Warm up

• Describe at least one strategy that can be used to improve your score on a standardized test.


Warm up

OAKS science assessment review (TUES and WED)


• Warm up:

• Which ancient organisms likely added oxygen to the atmosphere of early earth?


Warm up

Vocabulary test retakes

Video : Fearless Planet (if time allows)

Assignments due 2/14/13

• Warm up answers

• Section reviews

• : Read pages 513-523 and write a short (2 sentences) summary or list 3 important facts from each subsection.


• Warm up:

• Why do you think evidence of the first animal-like organisms show up later in the fossil record than the photosynthetic bacteria ?


Warm up

Discuss grade printouts, vocab quiz retakes THURS

If time allows: Video : Fearless Planet


• Warm up:

• What is a probiont?


Warm up

Notes: review of material

Video : Fearless Planet (if time allows)


• Warm up:

• How much fossil evidence do scientists have about the origin of life on Earth? See page 512 (last paragraph)


Warm up

Notes: review of material

Video : Fearless Planet

Chapter 26 reading review (group/ class discussion & notes)

• “Changing Life on a Changing Earth” p.512• The appearance of photosynthetic organisms had a

dramatic affect….it added oxygen to the atmosphere. • Eventually plants start growing on land…allowed

animals to live on land (food). • Fossil record shows many large changes in the

organisms that were alive at any one time. • The further back you go in time, the fossil record

gets less complete….(scientists are less sure about things that happen far in the past)


• Conditions on Early Earth made the origin of life possible p.513

• The chemical and physical processes helped to form the first basic cells. (hypotheses…uncertain):– 1) synthesis of small organic (carbon-based)

molecule– 2.)joining of molecules into polymers (long chain of

molecules)– 3.)molecules form probionts– 4.)self replicating molecules made inheritance

possible.


• Synthesis of organic compounds on Early Earth • p.513-514• The solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago..• It is unlikely that life would form on any planet…

especially the first few hundred years.• The conditions on the planet were much different from

the current conditions. • There was a “soup” of organic molecules all over Earth. • Many scientists think that the organic compounds formed

near underwater volcanoes.


• Extraterrestrial Sources of Organic Compounds p.514 + Looking outside of Earth for Clues About the Origin of Life p. 514

• Many meteroites that are found have 1-2% carbon compounds

• Mars is a COLD lifeless desert..but once had warm moist climate

• Liquid water ice on Europa (moon of Jupiter) may have prokaryotic life.


• Abiotic Synthesis of Polymers p.514 + Protobionts p.515

• Non-living molecules surrounded by a membrane structure

• They form spontaneously from abiotic (non-living) produced compounds.

• The size of the membrane can change (shrink or swell)


• The “RNA World” and Dawn of Natural Selection p. 515-516 (1st half)

The first RNA likely short virus-like sequences.

DNA is more “solid” than RNA…DNA can be replicated.


• The “RNA World” and Dawn of Natural Selection p. 515-516 (2nd half)

• RNA is easily changed (mutated)…this can cause a large variety of amino acids.


• Warm upHow do magnetic reversals allow scientists to find

out more about a fossil?


Warm up

Vocabulary quiz

EC video

Assignments so far this week: (due 2/8)-warm up-vocabulary list due 2/8-Reading notes pp.513-516 (3 sentence summary about each subsection..7 total)-Video reflection notes/essay-Reading notes pp.516-523 (3 sentence summary…7 sections)-Vocabulary summary definitions and example sentences-Concept check questions: includes all of the following:p.516 #1-3 , p.520 #1-2 p. 523 #1-2


• Warm up

If a radioactive isotope (uranium 234) has a

half-life of 80,000 years and you find that a sample has 75% as much of the radioactive isotopes as a newly formed rock, how long ago did the sample likely form into rock?


Warm up

Work time:

-articles

-reading notes

-vocabulary summary definitions assignment:

For each vocabulary word, write the definition in your own words as a “summary definition” and write 3 example sentences that use the word properly and that illustrate the scientific definition

-Complete all “Concept Check” questions for the entire reading :

- p.516 #1-3 , p.520 #1-2 p. 523 #1-2


• Warm up No warm up


Warm up

Work time:

-articles

-reading notes

Assignments so far this week: (due 2/8)

-warm up

-vocabulary list due 2/8

-Reading notes pp.513-516 (3 sentence summary about each subsection..7 total)

-Video reflection notes/essay

-Reading notes pp.516-523 (3 sentence summary…9 sections)


• Warm up How do scientists

describe the 1st main stage in the sequence that lead

to the first simple cells? (see p.513 1st paragraph)


Warm up

Review of last weeks events

Vocabulary list /reading notes for pp.513-516

-time to take vocabulary quiz from last week

Review of vocabulary list as a class.


-warm up



-Video reflection notes/essay


• Warm up• Why does scientific

knowledge change throughout time?


Warm up

Review of last weeks events

Vocabulary list /reading notes for pp.513-516

-time to take vocabulary quiz from last week

Review of vocabulary list as a class.


-warm up



Assignment Packet due last week:

-Warm up

-Vocabulary list

-Cladogram (if absent on Tues: p.452 #1-4)

-Cladogram analysis packet

-Reading notes pp.496-500

Collected object cladogram

Dichotomous key (p.462-463)

Advanced Biology Vocabulary list 2/4-2/8

(see pages 512-523…..chapter 26.1 and 26.2)• Probionts• Ribozymes• Radiometric dating• Half-life• Magnetic reversals• Mass extinction events• Geologic record• stromatolites


(see pages 512-523…..chapter 26.1 and 26.2)• Probionts

• Initial structures during the origin of life which can show at least one property of life

• Example: amino acids made from H2, CH4, NH3


(see pages 512-523…..chapter 26.1 and 26.2)

• Ribozymes

• RNA molecules that act as enzymes.

• Example: Ribozymes are thought to be the first genetic material.



• Radiometric dating

Measuring levels of radioactive elements found in fossils to calculate the most likely age of the fossils.

• Example: The fossil was measured to be 50,000 years old using radiometric dating.



• Half-life

• The time required to reduce the amount of radiation to one-half the amount originally present.

• Example: Carbon 14 has a half-life of 5,730 years.• Uranium-238… 4.5 billion years



• Magnetic reversals

• The process by which the Earth’s magnetic field shifts direction and at times reveres polarity.

• Example: Scientists can use the different magnetic reversals to figure out how old some rock are.



• Mass extinction events

• The extinction of one or more species in a relatively short period of geological time.

• Example: Dinosaurs have died off several times.

• NOTE: Usually as a consequence of a catastrophic global event, a natural disaster, or an abrupt change in the environment, and based on studies of fossil records.



• Geologic record

• The totality of fossilized artifacts and their placement within the earth's rock strata (layers).

• Example: Fossils are found in various parts of the geologic record.

• Note: It provides information about the history of life on earth, for instance what the organisms look like, where and when they live, how they evolved, etc.



• StromatolitesLayered structures formed in

shallow water by the trapping, binding and cementation of sedimentary grains by micro-organisms, especially cyanobacteria (commonly known as blue-green algae)

Note: Stromatolites are a major constituent of the fossil record for about the first 3.5 billion years of life on earth, though their diversity started to decline by the start of the Cambrian due to grazing and burrowing organisms.

Example:

Stromatolites are examples of some of the first living organisms.


• Describe an analogy as it relates to biological structures.


Warm up

Vocabulary Quiz

Video / Work on next week’s vocabulary

Assignment Packet due today:

-Warm up

-Vocabulary list





Dichotomous key (p.462-463)

Assignment Packet due today 2/1/13:

-Warm up

-Vocabulary list





Dichotomouos key (p.462-463)

Advanced Biology Warm up 1/31/13

• Warm up: What are homologous characteristics?


Warm up

Dichotomous keys of leaves (pp.462-463)

Cladogram of collected objects

----Groups collect 5-10 objects that share a theme.

-----Make a table and cladogram of objects.

-----Cladograms are shared with class.

Individual homework during work time:

-Reading notes pp. 496-500 (AP Book) write a 3 sentence summary about each section. (5 sections: Binomial nomenclature, Hierarchical Classifications, Linking Classification and Phylogeny, Cladisitics, Phylogentic trees and Timing)

Previous assignments:

-Warm up

-Vocabulary list




Cladogram of collected objects

----Groups collect 5-10 objects that share a theme.

-----Make a table and cladogram of objects. (each student makes a table and cladogram)

-----Cladograms are shared with class.


• Warm up

Give an example of homologous structures.


Warm up

Introduction to assignment packets

Introduction to vocabulary list

-Classification :

Cladogram analysis (link)

Reading notes pp. 496-500 (AP Book) write a 3 sentence summary about each section. (5 sections: Binomial nomenclature, Hierarchical Classifications, Linking Classification and Phylogeny, Cladisitics, Phylogentic trees and Timing)

Previous assignments:

Warm up

Vocabulary list

Cladogram (if absent on Tues: p.452 #1-4)


• Warm up What kinds of characteristics do scientists use to put living things into different categories?

• (3 characteristics)

Classroom activities:

Warm up

Introduction to assignment packets

Introduction to vocabulary list

Vocabulary instruction

If time allows:

-Classification activity


• Analogy

• Homologous

• Taxonomy

• Binomial

• Cladogram

• Analogy (analagous)• Definition• noun• (evolutionary biology) Structural or behavioral similarity in

terms of functions between unrelated species or organisms but do not share a common ancestral or developmental origin.

• Example:• The wings of a bat and the wings of insects help them

both fly but they did not evolve from the same ancestor.

• Homologous• Definition• adjective• (biology)

• Having similar structure and anatomical position (but not necessarily the same function) in different organisms suggesting a common ancestry or evolutionary origin

• (example:. wings of bats and arms of humans are homologous).

• Taxonomy• Definition• noun• (1) The science of finding, describing,

classifying, and naming organisms, including the studying of the relationships between specimens.

• Example: classification chart

• Binomial Nomenclature

• Having two names; used of the system by which every organism receives two names, the one indicating the genus, the other the species, to which it belongs.

• Example: • Homo sapiens

• Canus lupus

• Cladogram -

• a diagram depicting patterns of shared characteristics of various organisms

•

Documents

Warm up 06/12/13 Warm up: What was the biggest challenge that your group faced during this project? How would you improve the situation in the future?