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Shows the strategic planning for location of warehouses and design the optimal network for transportation to demand points.Won the first prize at DOMS, IIT Chennai
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Team – Planners
Members
–Sunitha A–Srikant Rajan
Institute – Institute for Financial management and Research (IFMR)
Varna – IPL Challenge
Agenda
• Supply Chain– Influencing Factors– What it means for LUMA?
• Network Design– Influencing factors – Interrelationship between factors
• Modeling the Solution
• Optimal Design
• Improving the Solution
• Final Observations
Supply Chain• Seasonality of Demand
– High, assumed to be at peak before and during IPL season
• Range of quantity – No huge variations in quantity across demand points
• Variety – High , teams and players
• Channel for Product Sale – Limited retail space such as specialty stores and merchandisers
(Assumed)
• Implied Demand Uncertainty – Higher as compared to items such as salt, steel but lower than
technology intensive products such as palm tops
LUMA – Supply Chain
Integratedsteel mill
DellHighlyefficient
Highlyresponsive
Apparel
Automotiveproduction
LUMA
Thus the supply chain should factor in both responsiveness and efficiency
Facility Location
• Manufacturing• Storage/Warehousing *
•Where?•How Many?
Market & Supply Allocation
• Transportation Costs• Service Level – Responsiveness Vs Efficiency• Facility Costs
• Fixed• Variable
Routing• Demand Points
•Distance•Density
• Product Demand & Value
Network Design Decision variables
Designing Distribution Network
• Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design– Customer needs that are met– Cost of meeting customer needs
Number ofFacilities
Response Time
Number of Facilities
Cost
Inventory
Facility Transportation
LUMA • Customers are clustered and then assigned to warehouse• Warehouse
– Store inventory– Transfer point
Manufacturing Unit
Warehouses Demand Points
Milk Runs
Modeling the Solution
• Warehouse selection is binary• Qty transported through a warehouse
–does not exceed qty received from plant –does not exceed its capacity
• Qty transported –to warehouse –to markets is integer
• Total quantity supplied from all warehouses
to markets should cover the demand
Constraints
• Which warehouse• Quantity to be transported
– Plant to Warehouse –Warehouse to market
Decision variables
• Minimize (Facility costs + Transport costs)Objective fn
Optimum Design - LUMA
• Warehouse – Locations– Capacity
• Transportation Quantity– From Manufacturing unit to warehouse– Warehouse to demand Points
• Costs– Warehouse Leasing Costs– Transportation Costs
• From Manufacturing unit to warehouse• Warehouse to demand Points
Warehouses Small Large
Ahmedabad X
Ludhiana
Indore X X
Lucknow
Vijayawada X
Bhubaneswar
Coimbatore
Ahmedabad Indore Vijayawada
Small 19 23
Large 48 46
Warehouse Locations & Capacity
Number of trucks from Plant to Warehouse
Note – Rounded to the next integer
Number of Trucks – Warehouse To Markets
70607050Vijayawada
3114241258Indore (L)
40592010Indore (S)
00111016183Ahmedabad
KolkataHydMumbaiMohaliJaipurDelhiChennaiBangalore
Costs
Facility costs 1600000
Transportation cost from plant to warehouse 783600
Transportation cost from warehouse to market 2013900
Total Costs 4397500
Ahmedabad Plant
AhmedabadLarge WH
Indore Large WH
IndoreSmall WH
VijayawadaSmall WH
Ahmedabad Plant
AhmedabadLarge WH
Indore Large WH
IndoreSmall WH
VijayawadaSmall WH
Kolkata
Jaipur
Chennai
Mumbai
Ahmedabad Plant
AhmedabadLarge WH
Indore Large WH
IndoreSmall WH
VijayawadaSmall WH
Chennai
Mohali
Mumbai
Bangalore
Delhi
Ahmedabad Plant
AhmedabadLarge WH
Indore Large WH
IndoreSmall WH
VijayawadaSmall WH
Kolkata
Jaipur
Hyderabad
Chennai
Mohali
Mumbai
Bangalore
Delhi
Ahmedabad Plant
AhmedabadLarge WH
Indore Large WH
IndoreSmall WH
VijayawadaSmall WH
Kolkata
Jaipur
Hyderabad
Chennai
Mohali
Mumbai
Improving the Solution
• Milk Runs– Availability of unused capacity in trucks used for transportation– Combination of logistics chain in a single vehicle
• To increase vehicle capacity utilization • Reduce transportation costs
• Modus Operandi– Distance Matrix – Each warehouse to market– Savings Matrix – Each Warehouse to market– Rank Savings– Identify unused capacity in outbound trucks– Combine outbound trucks , based on priority of savings
Saving Matrix - Indore
0 Kolkata
6900 Hyd
-1455200 Mumbai
64025-1550 Mohali
33010-1959250 Jaipur
62045-15512908650 Delhi
108012654354515700 Chennai
81512406951052519800Bangalore
KolkataHydMumbaiMohaliJaipurDelhiChennaiBlore
1. Indore (S)
221.3Jaipur
343.2Kolkata
555Mumbai
898.4Mohali
11.8Chennai
ImprovedActualRequired
Net Savings = 1 truck over 1080 km + 1 truck over 925 km @ 15/km
Warehouse to Markets
2. Vijayawada
676.8Kolkata
665.4Mumbai
676.6Jaipur
554.1Chennai
ImprovedActualRequired
Net Savings = 1 truck over 680 km + 1 truck over 1060 km @ 15/km
Warehouse to Markets
Warehouse to Markets
3. Ahmadabad
110.8Mumbai
101110.4Mohali
161615.3Delhi
181817.9Chennai
332.7Bangalore
ImprovedActualRequired
Net Savings = 1 truck over 230 km @ 15/km
4. Indore (L)
443.5Mumbai
221.6Mohali
111110.8Hyderabad
454.3Chennai
332.7Kolkata
443.5Jaipur
121211.7Delhi
887.7Bangalore
ImprovedActualRequired
Warehouse to Markets
Net Savings = 1 truck over 1980 km @ 15/km
Net Savings
• Net Distance Saved = 5955 km
• Rate of distance travel = Rs15/km
• Net Cost savings = 89325
Reduction in transportation cost by milk runs = 4.4%
Final Observations
• The optimal solution varies slightly based on initial values of decision variables.
• Current warehouse capacity is capable of satisfying demand till 2012
• Incorporate additional warehouse based on latest forecasts (2013 onwards)
• Existence of unused warehouse capacity after 2010,
• If holding costs are known, warehouse planning may be better.
• Larger capacity trucks to transport to warehouses as – Demand at warehouses is large– Gain in per Km cost with volume
Effect of new demand points
• Increase in net demand < Available slack( un - utilized capacity) with warehouses
• Max slack available with Indore (Centrally located)
• Tradeoff between
– increased cost in having a new facility – Saving transportation costs – Service level– Slack
• So we recommend to use existing network