War and TerrorismGroup

Members:•Jigar Adhiya•Omang Karia•Girish Panchal•Divyesh Panchal•Akshay Gujarathi•Manasvi Rathod

Introduction to War“Of all the enemies to public liberty, war is, perhaps, the most to be dreaded because it comprises and develops the germ of every other. War is the parent of armies; from these proceed debts and taxes … known instruments for bringing the many under the domination of the few.… No nation could preserve its freedom in the midst of continual warfare.”

James Madison, Political Observations, 1795

•War- generally described as state of arm conflict between societies.•Some scholars see war as a universal and ancestral aspect of human nature, others argue that it is only a result of specific socio-cultural or ecological circumstances.

 

War has been far too common in human history and thus is the

central problem of international relations.

• Many political scientists and foreign policymakers view war as

the continuation of politics: When diplomacy fails, some states

decide to use force.

• Others see war as the result of a breakdown of the modern

international system because so many of the rules of

international institutions were designed to reduce conflict among

states.

Introduction to War

Types of War

Although all wars are violent, not all wars are the same. In fact, there are many different types of wars, which can be classified according to which people actually fight, the intensity of the conflict, and the extent of combatants’ use of violence, among other factors.

1. Total war

2. Limited war

3. Guerrilla war

4. Civil war

5. Proxy war

Nine largest wars Deaths(millions)

Date War

60.7–84.6 1939–1945 World War II (see World War II casualties)

60 13th century Mongol Conquests (see Mongol invasions and Tatar invasions)

40 1850–1864 Taiping Rebellion (see Dungan revolt)

39 1914–1918 World War I (see World War I casualties)

36 755–763 An Shi Rebellion (number exaggerated based on census system, but not considering the territorial shrink and inefficient census system afterwar)

20 1937–1945 Second Sino-Japanese War

20 1370–1405 Conquests of Tamerlane

16 1862–1877 Dungan revolt

5–9 1917–1922 Russian Civil War and Foreign Intervention

Top 5 Sellers of Arms in the World

• United States • China• UK• France• Russia

War –The Real Cost? In the year 2010 total world military spending came to $1600billion (or

$236 for each person on the planet) a 50% increase in the 10 year period since 2001.

Spending for peace vs spending for war

“There is a large gap between what countries are prepared to allocate for military means to provide security and maintain their global and regional power status, on the one hand, and to alleviate poverty and promote economic development, on the other.”

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

War versus Poverty

o The $1600 billion spent in the year 2011 on the arms industry could have tackled some of the greatest needs of our world.o Providing basic health care to those currently without - $20 billion per annum.o Providing shelter to those without it - $21 billion per annum.o Provide literacy for all - $5 billion per annum.o Eliminate starvation and malnourishment - $25 billion per annum.oProvide safe clean water for all - $50 billion per annum.

Total cost - $129 billion per annum.

The Human Cost of War

1. Crops, land and environment are destroyed.

2. Destruction of food stores, shops and property.

3. Inflation increases dramatically at times of conflict leading to

poverty for most of the population.

4. People are forced to flee and become refugees or internally

displaced.

5. Much trade and small business ceases.

6. Governments stop spending on social needs and divert funds to

military hardware.

7. Roads and means of travel are often dangerous.

8. It can be difficult to get access for emergency relief.

9. Young people are forced to become soldiers.

Targeting innocent civilians during a war or during peace time with the ultimate goal of creating psychological fear on civilians.

Types of terrorism

1. Civil terrorism

2. Political terrorism

3. Limited political terrorism

4. Official or state terrorism

5. Passive terrorism

6. Religious Terrorism

Major terrorist groups in the world

1. Al-Qaeda and Taliban 

2. Boko Haram

3. Lashkar-e-Toiba (LeT)

4. ISIS

WARS THAT

INDIA HAS

FOUGHT

War Fought Against Year

Indo - Pak Pakistan 1947

Operation Polo Hyderabad 1948

Goa Liberation War Portuguese 1961

Indo - China China 1962

Indo - Pak Pakistan 1965

Indo - Pak Pakistan 1971

Kargil War Pakistan 1999

10 Major Terrorist attacks in INDIA

1. German Bakery Bomb Blast, Koregaon Park, Pune

2. Mumbai Terrorist Attacks

3. Bangalore Series Blast

4. Jaipur Bombings

5. Mumbai Train Bombings

6. Malegaon Blasts

7. Varanasi Bombings

8. Ram JanmBhumi Attack, Ayodhya

9. Delhi Serial Bombings

10.Indian Parliament Attack

Mumbai Attack

On going conflicts in the worldStart of

conflict

Conflict Continent Location Cumulative

fatalities

Fatalities

in 2014

Fatalities

in 2015

1978 War in

Afghanistan

Asia  Afghanis

tan

1,240,000-

2,000,000

14,277 20,435

2003 Iraq War Asia  Iraq 201,000-

227,000

21,000-

47,000

10,519

2009 Boko Haram

insurgency

Africa  Nigeria

 Camero

on

 Niger

 Chad

20,200 10,849 9,402

2011 Syrian Civil

War

Asia  Syria 220,000-

320,000

76,021 32,927

Death rate above 10,000

Start of

conflict

Conflict Continent Location Cumulative

fatalities

Fatalities in

2014

Fatalities in

2015

1948 Israeli–

Palestinian

conflict

Asia  Israel

 Palestine

24,000 2,365 27

1991 Somali Civil

War:War in

Somalia

Africa  Somalia

 Kenya

500,000 2,983 2,333

1998 Communal

conflicts in

Nigeria

Africa  Nigeria 15,907 1,822 714

2003 War in

Darfur

Africa  Sudan 178,363+ 2,101 1,021

2004 War in

North-West

Pakistan

Asia  Pakistan 58,525 5,496 2,513

Death rate below 9999

2011 Libyan

Crisis:Libyan

Civil War

Africa  Libya 13,482 2,825 1,879

2011 Yemeni

Crisis:Yemen

i Civil War

(2015)

Asia  Yemen

 Saudi

Arabia

5,287-

11,000

1,500-7,700 4,300+

2011 Sinai

insurgency

Africa  Egypt 2,361 981 1,506

2012 Central

African

Republic

conflict

Africa  CAR 7,473+] 5,186+ 211

2013 South

Sudanese

Civil War

Africa  South

Sudan

10,200-

50,000+

6,383-

40,000+]

1,908

2014 War in

Donbass

Europe  Ukraine 6,503 4,771 1,993

R.I.P. May The World Change

For U…