Wake-up

1. Which macromolecule functions in short term energy and structure?

1. Explain the difference between Benedict’s and Biuret’s.

Enzymes

Christopherson

Chemical Reaction

Occurs when bonds are broken or formed to create a new substance

Reactants Products

Metabolism

Sum of all chemical reactions in living things

Cell regulate chemical reactions through the use

of proteins called ENZYMES

Characteristics of Enzymes #1

Enzymes are BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS

WHAT??????

What is a Catalyst?

Catalysts speed up chemical reactions

Ex: What do you do to help sugar dissolve faster in tea?

Example of Enzymes as Catalysts

Enzymes and Reactions

Characteristics of Enzymes #2

Enzymes are site specific

One enzyme = One job

How Enzymes Work*

What does this have to do with ME????? Who cares about enzymes?

Lactose is a Disaccharide (2 sugars)

found in milk

Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose

What does lactose get broken down into by lactase?

Fill in the following terms into the enzyme diagram below:

LactaseGlucoseLactose

Galactose

What’s happening in us?

What is Lactose Intolerance?Lactase is not

present to break down the lactose.

The sugar just builds up

inside.

What’s happening in us?

Effects of Lactose Intolerance*

Bloating, Pain/Cramps in Belly, Noise in Belly, Gas, Diarrhea

Lactose Intolerance Worldwide

Lactose Intolerance in Ethnic Groups

What to do if you are Lactose Intolerant?

Wake-up

1. Identify A, B, C, D, and E using the following terms: product, enzyme, substrate, enzyme-substrate complex

1. Explain a Biological Catalyst.

Environmental Effects on Enzymes

1. Temperature* • High

Temperatures can denature enzymes

• Denature means lose shape (active site).

Environmental Effects on Enzymes

1. Temperature • Low

Temperatures cause enzymes to move slowly

• Decreasing

enzyme activity

Environmental Effects on Enzymes

1. pH • Dramatic

changes in the pH of a solution can denature an enzyme

• Decreasing

enzyme activity

DigestionNerves

Digestion Papaya’s

Liver Lab: Formula

H2O2 H2O + O2Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen

Catalase: Liver

Label the following in diagram

What will happen when Hydrogen Peroxide is added to

Liver?