W EVE Eng101 MLA Narration SS15

8/20/2019 W EVE Eng101 MLA Narration SS15

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Eng 101BCIntro

Writing Process

MLA

In-text (parenthetical) citations

Narration Techniques and discussion


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Ice BreakerMake a friend. Discuss the answer to one of these questions.

Your new friend will introduce you to the class.

1. If you could have an endless supply of any food, what would it be?

2. Who is your favorite cartoon character and why?

3. If you were to perform in the circus, what would you do?

4. If you were stranded on a deserted island, what three books and three peoplewould you take with you? Why?


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Syllabus Questions?


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Name and describe the steps of the writingprocess.

Prewrite

What is your purpose for writing? How are you going to achieve this purpose?

Who is your reader?

Use journalistic questions

Freewriting

Cubing Webbing/clustering

Listing

More prewriting questions -http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/673/

3/

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/673/03/http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/673/03/http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/673/03/


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Writing Process

Prewrite, Plan

Why create an outline?

Helps to keep track of large amounts of info

Helps organize ideas

Presents material in logical form Shows relationships among ideas

Defines boundaries and groups


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Writing Process

Prewrite, Plan

2 types of outlines

Topic

Sentence

Outlines should be balanced

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/200

1113013048_544.pdf

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20081113013048_544.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20081113013048_544.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20081113013048_544.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20081113013048_544.pdf


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Writing Process

Prewrite

Plan

Drafting Rough draft, early version of final copy


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Writing Process

Prewrite

Plan

Drafting

Proofread Peer review grammar and process


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Writing Process

Prewrite

Plan

Print

Proofread

Publish All done! Final copy


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What is MLA?

Modern Language Association (1883)

Style most commonly used to write papers and cite sources witand humanities

Foundation for other styles such as APA

Not every source type has a formula in APA; therefore, mustknowledge

Specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using the E

language in writing


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MLA Basics Use Times New Roman size 12 font, double space throughout, flush

left, paperclip left corner (I have a cat problem, please staple)

In header, Last name and page number in upper right cornerbeginning with page 1

Flush left, your name, instructor’s name, class, date (militarystyle…date month year)

Center title (do not bold, underline, or italicize. Do apply standardrules of capitalization)

Indent each paragraph

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20090701095636_747.pdf

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20090701095636_747.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20090701095636_747.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20090701095636_747.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20090701095636_747.pdfhttps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/20090701095636_747.pdf


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Why use MLA?

Builds writer’s credibility by demonstrating accountability to so

Provides writers with a system for referencing sources (uniform

Protects writers from accusations of plagiarism All of the following are considered plagiarism:

turning in someone else's work as your own

copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit

failing to put a quotation in quotation marks

giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving c

copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of you give credit or not

http://www.checkforplagiarism.net/plagiarism-consequence

http://www.checkforplagiarism.net/plagiarism-consequenceshttp://www.checkforplagiarism.net/plagiarism-consequenceshttp://www.checkforplagiarism.net/plagiarism-consequenceshttp://www.checkforplagiarism.net/plagiarism-consequences


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Avoiding Plagiarism

Any summary, paraphrase, or quotation used in a paper MUST bedocumented

Exemptions include the following: Common knowledge

Disney theme parks attract thousands of visitors annually

Your own conclusions

Facts found in many sources

Shakespeare’s death

Standard terms

Mouse, CD-ROM, download

If ever unsure, document source


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57-4 Avoiding Plagiarism

1. The sheer number of occasions on which people cryin The Wizard of Oz is astounding.

Plagiarized.Why?

The student uses language borrowed from the originasource without quotation marks and withoutcrediting the author. The following is an acceptable

revision:

Rushdie points out that “the sheer number of occasionon which people cry” in The Wizard of Oz isastounding (223).


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2. Rushdie notes that so many characters cry in TheWizard of Oz that it’s surprising the Wicked Witch dnot get wet and melt away earlier in the film (223-24).

Ok.

Why?

The student has paraphrased without using language

structure from the source. The student also cites thauthor’s name and gives the page numbers for thesource in parentheses.


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3. Rushdie points out the number of characters who weep inWizard of Oz: Dorothy cries tears of frustration before beallowed to enter the Wizard’s palace, the guard at the pal

becomes sodden with tears, the Cowardly Lion cries whenDorothy hits him on the nose, the Tin Man nearly rusts upagain from crying, and Dorothy cries again when capturedthe Witch (223).

Plagiarized.

Why?

The student has borrowed words from the source without putting them in quotation marks ( tears of frustration, sodwith tears, rusts up again ) and has plugged in synonyms foother language from the source ( cries/bawls, hits/bops ).


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4. Pointing out how many times characters cry in TheWizard of Oz, Rushdie observes that “if the hydrophoWitch could only have been closer at hand on one of toccasions the movie might have been much shorter” (24).

Ok.

Why?

The student has correctly placed borrowed language inquotation marks and given the author’s name and the page numbers on which the quotation can be found.


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5. Rushdie notes that Dorothy’s weeping makes othercharacters cry, as when her tears “undam a quite alarreservoir of liquid” from the guard in an extremeperformance outside the Wizard’s palace (223).

Plagiarized.

Why?

The student has used the words extreme performance f

the source without putting them in quotation marks.

i S


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Integrating Sources

Attributive tag – signal the author before the information

Ellen Goodman offers this further observation about writers whformulas for achieving success through selfishness: “They are a

Feelgoods, offering placebo prescriptions instead of strong medgive us a way to life with ourselves, perhaps, but not a way to lother” (16).

Or use a regular in-text parenthetical

The author offers this further observation about writers who pe

formulas for achieving success through selfishness: “They are aFeelgoods, offering placebo prescriptions instead of strong medgive us a way to life with ourselves, perhaps, but not a way to lother” (Goodman 16).

I i S


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Integrating Sources

Block quotations

quotations 5 lines or more must be double indented

Have a complete sentence before the quote

Do not use quotation marks

Barbara Tuchman’s Proud Tower presents a somewhat different vinew conservative leaders:

Besides riches, rank broad acres, and ancient lineage, th

government also possessed, to the regret of the liberal oand in the words of one of them, “an almost embarrassitalent and capacity.” Secure in authority, resting comfortheir electoral majority in the House of Commons and onpermanent majority in the House of Lords, of whom fouconservatives, they were in a position, admitted the sam

“of unassailable strength.” (4).

I t ti S A id f t di t


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Integrating Sources – Avoid freestanding quota

Freestanding quotation

Riena Gross is a chief psychiatric social worker at Illinois MedicaChicago. “Kids have no real sense that they belong anywhere o

as they did ten or fifteen years ago. Parents have loosened the kids are kind of floundering” (Gross 74).

Integrate quote into sentence to create flow

Addressing a seminar at the University of Toronto, Dr. Joseph Pospeculated that “acupuncture may work by activating a neural psuppression mechanism in the brain” (324).

The report further stated, “All great writing styles have their wthe personality of the writer. As Buffon said, ‘The style is the m(Duncan 49).

58 3 I t ti


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58-3 Integrating sources

1.Malcolm Gladwell points out that drivers feel safer in aSUV than in a sports car because they think that the Sdriver’s “chances of surviving a collision with a

hypothetical tractor-trailer in the other lane are great(31).

Ok.

Explanation:

The student has put quotation marks around the exactwords from the source and has handled the MLA citatcorrectly, putting the name of the author in a signal phrase and the page number in parentheses.

58 3 I t ti


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2. Gladwell argues that “active safety is every bit as importaas a vehicle’s ability to withstand a collision (31).

The sentence is unacceptable.

Explanation:

The phrase active safety is enclosed in quotation marks in tsource; single quotation marks are required for a quotatiwithin a quotation. In addition, the student has failed to

an ellipsis mark to indicate that the word which is omitte from the quotation. The following is an acceptable revisi

Gladwell argues that “’active safety’…is every bit as importaas a vehicle’s ability to withstand a collision (31).

58 3 Integrating sources


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3. A majority of drivers can, indeed, be wrong. “Most ofthink that S.U.V.s are much safer than sports cars”(Gladwell 31).

This passage is unacceptable.

Explanation:

The second sentence is a dropped quotation. Quotationshould be introduced with a signal phrase, usually na

the author. The following is an acceptable revision:

A majority of drivers can, indeed, be wrong. As MalcolmGladwell points out, “Most of us think that S.U.V.s armuch safer than sports cars” (31).



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4. According to Gladwell, American SUVs are more likelybe involved in collisions than other vehicles “because[they] can’t get out of the way in time” (31).

Ok.

Explanation:

The student has introduced the quotation with a signal phrase and used brackets to indicate the change from

to they fit the grammar of the sentence.



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5. Gladwell explains that most people expect an SUV “tosurvive a collision with a hypothetical tractor-trailer inother lane” (31).

This sentence is unacceptable.

Explanation:

The student has changed the wording of the source ( ofsurviving ) to fit the grammar of the sentence ( to surv

but has not indicated the change with brackets. The following is an acceptable revision:

Gladwell explains that most people expect an SUV “[tosurvive] a collision with a hypothetical tractor-trailethe other lane” (31).

MLA in text citations (regular & attributive tag)


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MLA in-text citations (regular & attributive tag)

The student is quoting from page 187 of the following essay:

Perez-Torres, Rafael. “Between Presence and Absence: Beloved ,Postmodernism, and Blackness.” Tony Morrison’s Beloved: A Ca

William L. Andrews and Nellie Y. McKay. New York: Oxford UP, 201. Print.

What would the in-text citation (parenthetical) look like for this q

Amy describes the scars on Sethe’s back as a tree, which, as sugge

Rafael Perez-Torres, transforms “the signs of slavery…into an imaginstead of oppression” (187).

In-text citations (parentheticals) must include the author’s last word of title and the page number

(Stanko 7)

59 1 In text citations


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59-1 In-text citations

1.

A. Richard A. Hawley reports that although

ancient Chinese used marijuana for medicpurposes, “there is no record of the Chineusing it as a pleasure-producing drug” (26

Explanation:In MLA style, the sentence period comes aft

the parenthetical citation.



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2.

B. Drugs classified as Schedule I by the Drug

Enforcement Administration are illegal, even formedical purposes, but they are allowed inauthorized experiments (Henninfield and Ator 63).

Explanation:

When a work has two or three authors, all authors

must be named either in a signal phrase or in the parenthetical citation.



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3.

B. Nearly half of 1,035 oncologists surveyed in 1991said that if smokable marijuana were legal for cancerpatients, they would prescribe it (“Cross-Eyed” 89).

Explanation:

When the author of an article is unknown, a short formof the title is given in the parenthetical citation.



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4.

A. Marshall explains that marijuana can be dangerous fopeople with heart conditions because its use “candramatically increase heart rate and blood pressure”(Legalization 79).

Explanation:

A short form of the title of the work appears in the

parenthetical citation because two works by Marshalgiven in the works cited list.



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5.

B. The US Drug Enforcement Administration has allowedmarijuana to be used in experiments with patients suffering

from glaucoma. According to one expert, “Several studiessince 1971 have shown that smoking marijuana causes thepressure within the eye to decrease and to remain at alowered level for about five hours” (Marshall, Legalization67).

Explanation:

The author’s name is not given in the signal phrase ( Accordingto one expert )so it appears in the parenthetical citationalong with a short form of the title of the work and the pagenumber on which the quotation may be found.



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6.

A. The Drug Enforcement Administration of the US Departmentof Justice reports that marijuana use among young people

aged twelve to seventeen in the United States nearlydoubled in the 1990s from 4.3% to 8.3%.

Explanation:

For an unpaginated online source, a signal phrase giving theauthor of the source is sufficient. The abbreviation “n.

pag.”is not necessary.



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7.

A. According to a report by the United States JusticeDepartment’s Drug Enforcement Administration, marijuana in

the 1990s was about five times more potent than themarijuana of the 1960s.

Explanation:

The signal phrase gives the complete name of the author of thesource, in this case a government agency. If the student uses

a parenthetical citation, it must include the complete nameunder which the work is given in the list of works cited:(United States, Dept. of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration).



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8.

A. “I consider this [alleviating acute pain and nausea] a needthat has to be filled,” says Rabbi Isaac P. Fried of New York of

his administration of marijuana to suffering patients. “ShouldI buckle under the fear of an archaic law that doesn’t dealwith the present needs of the 1990’s?” (qtd. In Treaster 38).

Explanation:

When a source is quoted in another source, MLA style requires

the abbreviation “qtd . in” (for “quoted in”).



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9.

B. Brian Hecht sums up the debate over the medical use ofmarijuana in three questions: “(1) Is the drug safe? (2) does it

work? And (3) How does it compare with other availabledrugs?” (8).

Explanation:

Because the question mark is in the original source, it appearsinside the quotation mark and before the parenthetical

citation. A period follows the parentheses.



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10.

A. Fiona A. Campbell et al. present the results of scientific studieon the effectiveness and safety of using marijuana for medical

purposes.Explanation:

In MLA style for a work with more than three authors, the in-texcitation matches the entry in the list of works cited. In thiscate, “et al.” appears after the first author’s name.

Alternatively, the student could use all the authors’ names inthe works cited list and the in-text citation.

What is a Works Cited page?


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What is a Works Cited page?

Alphabetical list of sources found at the end of a research-base

Entries are listed alphabetically by author’s or editor’s last name of the work if no author/editor is available

Author names are written last name, first name, middle name (or

Burke, Kenneth

Levy, David M.

Wallace, David Foster

DO NOT list titles (Dr., Sir, Saint, etc.) or degrees (PhD, MA, DDS,

John Smith, PhD appears as Smith, John

DO include suffixes (Jr., II., etc.)

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. appears as King, Martin Luther, Jr.

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/12/

Works Cited page basics

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/12/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/12/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/12/


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Works Cited page basics One-inch margins, same header as rest of essay, double spaced

spaces between citations)

Works Cited (do not italicize, underline, bold, or put inside quo

centered at top of page First line of each entry is NOT indented. The second and subse

indented (hanging indent).

Page numbers are hyphenated, not separated by a dash

For every entry, indicate the medium of publication (Print, We

URLs for Web entries are no longer required (instructor/publish .

Use italics (do not underline) titles of larger works (books, mag

If citing a source originally issued in print form but was retrievonline database, type the online database name in italics



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It there is more than one entry per author, works are arrangedby title

For second and all additional entries, type three hyphens and a

place of the author’s name

Stanko, Jeannine. I Like Belly Dancing. Pittsburgh: Random, 2014

---. I Like Cats. Pittsburgh: Random, 2014. Print.

How to create a Works Cited page


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p g

First, adhere to all of the basics as outlined in the previous slid

Second, determine the type of source (book, periodical, electrother [interview, lecture, visual art, film, audio, digital file) be

Third, find the appropriate formula to document the necessaryof the source

OWL@Purdue https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/74

Online Bib Generators - WARNING

Not always correct

Inaccurate information

Not up-to-date with current MLA

User error

MAKE SURE YOU DOUBLE CHECK YOUR WORK FOR ERRORS

Electronic Sources

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/05/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/05/


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Author and/or editor names (if available)

Article name in quotation marks (if applicable)

Title of the Website, project, or book in italics. (Remember that some Printpublications have Web publications with slightly different names. They may,

for example, include the additional information or otherwise modifiedinformation, like domain names [e.g. .com or .net].)

Any version numbers available, including revisions, posting dates, volumes, orissue numbers.

Publisher information, including the publisher name (n.p. if unavailable) andpublishing date (n.d. if unavailble).

Take note of any page numbers (if not available n.pag.).

Medium of publication.

Date you accessed the material.

URL (if required, or for your own personal reference; MLA does not require aURL).

59-5 Works Cited


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1.

A. “Al Capone.” The History Files. Chicago Hist. Soc.,1999. Web. 9 Oct. 2002.

Explanation:

For a work without an author, a works cited entrybegins with the title of the source, not with

“Anonymous.”

59-5 Works Cited


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2.

A. Roark, James L., et al. The American Promise: AHistory of the United States. 2nd compact ed. Boston:Bedford, 2003. Print.

Explanation:

In MLA style, a work with four or more authors is listed

by the name of the first author followed by “et al.” Alternatively, a work can be listed by the names ofall the authors as they are given in the source.

59-5 Works Cited


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3.

A. Biskind, Peter. Easy Riders, Raging Bulls. NewYork: Touchstone-Simon, 1998. Print.

Explanation:

In MLA style, the city of publication precedes thename of the publisher and the date of publication.

59-5 Works Cited


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4.

B. The Godfather . Dir. Francis Ford Coppola. Perf.Marlon Brando and Al Pacino. Paramount, 1972. Film.

Explanation:

Because the student has used dialogue from the filmand has not emphasized one person’s contribution,

the MLA works cited entry begins with the title ofthe film, not the director’s name.

59-5 Works Cited


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5.

B. Hamill, Pete. “Dapper Don’s Time Gone.”nydailynews.com. Daily News, 18 June 2001. Web. 7 O

2002.

Explanation:

Both the date of publication and the date of access are

given for an online source.

59-5 Works Cited


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6.

A. Biskind, Peter. Easy Riders, Raging Bulls. New York:Touchstone-Simon, 1998. Print.

Explanation:

Although the student has quoted Towne’s words, the boin which the words appear was written by Biskind, no

Towne.

59-5 Works Cited


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7.

A. Mobilio, Albert. “Why Organized Crime Isn’t What ItUsed to Be.” Rev. of Gotham Unbound: How New

York City Was Liberated from the Grip of OrganizedCrime, by James B. Jacobs. Village Voice. VillageVoice, 29 Sept. 1999. Web. 30 Sept. 2002.

Explanation:The works cited entry for a review should include the

words “Rev. of” and the title and author of thework reviewed.

59-5 Works Cited


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8.

B. Millman, Joyce. “Sympathy for the (Jersey) Devil.”Salon. Com. Salon Media Group, 27 Feb. 2001. Web.

1 Oct. 2002.

Explanation:

In MLA style for dates, the day precedes the month,

and the day and the month are not separated fromthe year with a comma.

59-5 Works Cited


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9.

B. Agins, Teri, and Joe Flint. “Mobster Chic: It’sMenswear a la ‘Sopranos,’” Wall Street Journal 10

Mar. 2003: B1. Print.

Explanation:

In MLA style, the authors’ names are followed by the

title of the article and then the name of thenewspaper, the date, and the page number.

Narration Techniques


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Narration Techniques

What are the key narrative elements?


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What are the key narrative elements?

Purpose

Action Conflict

Point of view

Key events

Dialogue Ethical

Purpose


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Tell what happened

Reporters stick to facts

establish an interesting or useful factGo beyond only reciting events

Lessons and insights

Encounter with mugger leads to observation

on self-respect

Action


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Plays a central role in narrative

Recreates action, not presents (active vs.

passive) Action must all relate to purpose, not just

chronicle series of events

Conflict


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Motivates and structure the action

Man vs. Man

Man vs. Society

Man vs. Self

Man vs. Nature

http://www.storyboardthat.com/articles/education/types-of-literary-conflict

Point of View

http://www.storyboardthat.com/articles/education/types-of-literary-conflicthttp://www.storyboardthat.com/articles/education/types-of-literary-conflicthttp://www.storyboardthat.com/articles/education/types-of-literary-conflicthttp://www.storyboardthat.com/articles/education/types-of-literary-conflict


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First-person POV

Autobiographies

I, me, mine, we, ours

Third-person POV

Biographies, histories

Narrator remains unmentionedHe, she, him, her

Key Events


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Chosen events should help reader share experience

Identify and build narrative around key events

Those that directly relate to purposeUse secondary events to keep narrative flowing sm

Dialogue


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Enlivens action and draws reader into story

Essential to illustrating purpose

Written conversation does NOT duplicate re

Dialogue that reproduces real talk weakenarrative

Use simple words, short sentencesPunctuate properly

Avoid over-repetition of he/she said

Ethics


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Provide truthful account

Do not falsify someone’s behavior to tarnish

reputation (libel) Give fictitious names to protect others from danger

Consider audience whenever relating possibleunethical or illegal behavior

Freewriting


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Freewriting

Given a topic

Write for given time

Do not stop writing…if you get stuck, pick a word and just keep writing it until your next thought comesthrough

Which reading did you like the most?

Groupings


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Meet in the following groups. Discuss your assigned topic. Youshould become the guru of this element so know it well.

Arik - purpose

Mariah - action

Scott - conflict

Sylvia & Gabrielle – point of view

Hannah – key events

Mike & Wendy - dialogue Chris & Alex – ethics

Jigsaw!


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Meet in the following groups. Share your knowledge of your preassigned element with the group. The purpose is for all groupto fully understand all of the elements in each of the reading

Narrative Analysis Choose ONE of the readings


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Choose ONE of the readings

Write a 3-4 page essay discussing the effectiveness of the author’s narration tech

Writing process; MLA format

Introduction

Body paragraphs

Conclusion

Grammar & mechanics

Rough draft conferences &

Peer review rough drafts Mon. 7/6

Final copy due Wednesday, 7/8

For Monday...


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For Monday...

Skim chapters 5 & 6 Completed rough draft

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W EVE Eng101 MLA Narration SS15