12
VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University, Japan H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg IFM, Linköping University, Sweden Outline 1. Introduction 2. Experimental details 3. Results and discussion 4.Conclusion Outline 1. Introduction 2. Experimental details 3. Results and discussion 4.Conclusion

VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions

on a Si(111) surface 

Kazuyuki SakamotoDept. Phys., Tohoku University, Japan

H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. UhrbergIFM, Linköping University, Sweden

Outline1. Introduction2. Experimental details3. Results and discussion4.Conclusion

Outline1. Introduction2. Experimental details3. Results and discussion4.Conclusion

Page 2: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004Introduction

  1D (and quasi-1D) structures formed on semiconductor surfaces  expected to show interesting physical phenomena

  Ca/Si(111) surface  (n×2) reconstructions (n=3, 5, 7, and 9) that  culminates with a (2×1) phase at 0.5 ML.    A.A. Baski et al., SS 476, 22 (2001), T. Sekiguchi et al., SS 493, 196 (2001), K. Sakamoto et al., PRB 66, 165319 (2002) 

   (3×2) phase    (2×1) phase

         honeycomb-chain channel (HCC) model   π-bonded Seiwatz Si chains 

      S.C. Erwin and H.H. Weitering,           R. Seiwatz, Surf. Sci. 2, 473 (1964)      PRL 81, 2296 (1998)

 

 intermediate phases; combinations of the HCC and Seiwatz models

 the understanding of the surface band structures of the two end phases is essential to fully comprehended the electronic properties of 

the Ca induced 1D and quasi-1D reconstructionsK. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 3: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

(3x2) surface semiconducting electronic characters

A.A. Baski et al., SS 476, 22 (2001), D.Y. Petrovykh et al., SS 512, 269 (2002), O. Gallus et al., Europhys. Lett. 60, 903 (2002), Y.K. Kim et al., PRB 68, 245312 (2003)

inconsistent resultsthese studies cover only a part of the surface Brillouin zone

(2x1) surface A.ABaski et al., SS 476, 22 (2001)

semiconducting electronic characters

surface band structure -> important input to the structure determination

Aim of this study

determination of the surface electronic structures of the Ca/Si(111)-(3x2) and (2x1) surfaces

Introduction

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 4: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

• Si(111)  n-type with a 1.1° miscut toward the [-1-12] directioncleaning followed the procedure described in APL 72, 948 (1998)check LEED, valence and Si 2p core-level spectrum

• Ca adsorption       deposition onto a substrate kept at ~1000 K

 beamline 33, MAX-I synchrotron radiation facility, Lund, Sweden

 energy resolution: ~50 meV at h = 21.2 eV angular resolution: ±2°

 base pressure: below 4×10-11 Torr

• measurements: 100 K

Experimental details

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 5: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

no density of states at the Fermi level

semiconducting electronic structure

agree well with the earlier studies

Valence-band spectra measured using (a) h=21.2 eV and (b) 17 eV along the [-110] direction, and (c) spectra measured using h=21.2 eV along the [11-2] direction.

Results and discussion

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 6: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

Band dispersion of the Ca/Si(111)-(3x2) surface

S1-S3 states follow a (3x1) periodicity instead of the (3x2) observed in LEED.

1 and 2:not observed in the earlier ARPES studies

 same binding energy using different h       direct bulk transition

no corresponding state around the point originate from an umklapp process

surface states

Results and discussion

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 7: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

Surface state dispersions of the Ca/Si(111)-(3×2) surface. Solid gray lines are the theoretical surface state dispersions derived from the calculation for the Li/Si(111)-(3×1) surface taken from PRL 81, 2296 (1998).

A

C  D

B  A’

Results and discussion

S3; good agreement with S1+ S1+~ c+d 、     -bond between the c and d atoms     hardly affected by the adsorbates    S3; C + D

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 8: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

Surface state dispersions of the Ca/Si(111)-(3x2) surface. Solid gray lines are the theoretical surface state dispersions derived from the calculation for the Li/Si(111)-(3x1) surface taken from PRL 81, 2296 (1998).

A

C  D

B  A’

Results and discussion

S2±~ a±b;cannot use the wave function of          a and b atoms of a 1/3 ML HCC  Assumption; (A±A’) ±B

  HCC; stabilized by a donation of two     electrons per (3×2) unit cell     (A + A’) ~ A  (A + A’) ± B     ~ A ± B; same description as S2 ±

S1; A - B, S2; A + B

1 and 2; (A - A’) ± B (?)

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 9: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

Valence-band spectra of the Ca/Si(111)-(2x1) surface

 LEED pattern of the Ca/Si(111)-(2x1) surface

Band dispersion of the Ca/Si(111)-(2x1) surface

Results and discussion

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 10: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

Surface state dispersions of the Ca/Si(111)-(2x1) surface. Solid gray lines are the theoretical surface state dispersions for the Si(111)-(2x1) surface taken from PRB 51, 4258 (1995) and the dashed lines are those taken from PRB 54, 1482 (1996).

                                                dispersion behavior of S1  and S2

surface states of the Si(111)-(2x1) with a Seiwatz structure

situated just above and just below EF

supports the structural model proposed in the earlier studies

Results and discussion

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 11: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

(3x2) surface

 observation of six states in the gap and pocket of   the bulk band projection the dispersion behavior of three of them agree well with 

   the surface states of a 1/3 ML HCC surface.  S1; A - B, S2; A + B, S3; C + D

1 and 2; (A - A’) ± B (?)

(2x1) surface

 observation of  five states in the gap and pocket of    the bulk band projection

S1  and S2 agrees well with the surface states of the Si(111)-(2x1)    surface with a Seiwatz structure

A

C  D

B  A’

Conclusion

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Page 12: VUV14, July 23, 2004 Electronic structures of Ca induced one-dimensional reconstructions on a Si(111) surface Kazuyuki Sakamoto Dept. Phys., Tohoku University,

VUV14, July 23, 2004

K. Sakamoto, H.M. Zhang, R.I.G. Uhrberg

Thank you very much for your attention!!