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VTHT 1205
Chapter 4 - 1Verbal Roots
Dr. Dipa Brahmbhatt VMD, MpH
Verbal Roots
• Action or description
• Activity
• Action
• Condition
AUDI/O-
AUDI/O/LOGY
Hearing/CV/Science/Study of
“ The study of Hearing”
BIO-
BIO/GENESIS
LIFE/ORIGIN (development)
CAUS- / CAUT-
CAUS/TIC
Burn/relating to
CAUT/ERY
Burn/Instrument
-CLAS- or -CLAST
OST/EO/CLASIS
Bone/CV/Break
“Surgical fracture”
DUCT-
BILE - DUCT
LEAD
-ECTAS-
Chole/cyst/ectas/ia
Bile/bladder/dilate/state or condition
Dilate
“Distention of gall bladder”
-EDEM-
Edem/a/tous lungs
Swelling
E.g. interstitial pneumonia
-ESTHES-
An/esthes/ia
Sensation
-GEN/O-
Path/o/gen
Producing
-IATR/O-
Iatrogenic
Caused by treatment
KIN/E-, KIN/O-
Kinetics
“Study of Motion”
(movement)
-LYSIS, -LYS/O-, -LYTIC
Lysis
“Destruction (breakdown) of a cell”
-MORPH/O-
Poly/morph/ic
Many forms (form, structure, shape)
-OP/IA, -OPS/IA, -OPSY
Chromatopsia
Color vision
“A condition in which objects
seem abnormally colored/tinged”
-PATH, -PATHY
Enteropathy
(e.g. Protein losing enteropathy: IBD)
Intestinal disease
-PHAGE, PHAG/O-
Macrophage: Large phagocyte (Eating cells)
-PHAS-
Dys/pha/sia
“Difficulty in speaking (speech)”
-PHIL
Acid/o/phil/ic
Acid loving (affinity, love for)
-PLEGIA
Para/plegia
“Paralysis of hind legs”
-POIESES
Leuk/o/poieses
“WBC production (formation)”
SCHIST/O-, SCHIZ/O-Schistocytes: Mechanisms & Diseases
Shearing by fibrin strands:
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Hemangiosarcoma
Glomerulonephritis
Myelofibrosis
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Hypersplenism
Turbulent blood flow:
Congestive heart failure
Valvular stenosis
Caval syndrome in heart worm disease
Hemangiosarcoma
Intrinsic abnormalities:
Chronic doxorubicin toxicosis
Severe iron deficiency anemia
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
Congenital & acquired dyserythropoesis
Schist/o/cyteBroken (split/cleft/division)
red cell
SPASM/O-
Spasmolysis
‘Relieving spasm’ e.g. colics horses
-STASIS
Hemostasis
“Stoppage (standing still) of blood flow”
TROPH/O-
Trophism
“Nutrition” (nourishment/food)