Voyages of Voyages of ColumbusColumbus

By: Christina, Colin, By: Christina, Colin, Jenny, James, Umar Jenny, James, Umar

The first Europeans to go to Americas was The first Europeans to go to Americas was The Norse seafarers from ScandinaviaThe Norse seafarers from Scandinavia

Between A.D 800 and 1100 they Between A.D 800 and 1100 they established settlements in Iceland, established settlements in Iceland, Greenland and Newfoundland once called Greenland and Newfoundland once called Vinland. Vinland.

Conflicts with Native Americans and lack of Conflicts with Native Americans and lack of support from there home caused their support from there home caused their settlements to be unsuccessful in Vinlandsettlements to be unsuccessful in Vinland

Vinland settlements were forgotten except Vinland settlements were forgotten except in Norse sagas or heroic stories in Norse sagas or heroic stories

IntroductionIntroduction

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy 1451Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy 1451

In 1477 he travelled to Lisbon, Portugal which brought In 1477 he travelled to Lisbon, Portugal which brought him new knowledge of geography and cartography.him new knowledge of geography and cartography.

Columbus calculated the distance between Japan and Columbus calculated the distance between Japan and the Canary Islands of 2,400 miles which made him want the Canary Islands of 2,400 miles which made him want to voyage to Asia by sailing west instead of south and to voyage to Asia by sailing west instead of south and east. east.

1492 was the year that European countries such as 1492 was the year that European countries such as Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands and Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands and England began to explore because of England began to explore because of Columbus’s finding Columbus’s finding

They pursued a passage to Asia.They pursued a passage to Asia.

These nations established colonies in the Americas.These nations established colonies in the Americas.

Voyage Into the UnknownVoyage Into the Unknown With a crew of 90 sailors Columbus left Spain in August 1492He first sailed south to the Canary Islands to repair his ships and restock on suppliesBy early October the crew had gone farther then expected and wanted to turn backIn the early morning of October 12,1492 the lookout aboard the Pinta saw white cliffsColumbus had discovered the Bahamas (San Salvador) he claimed the land for SpainColumbus though that he had reached the East Indies off the coast of Asia so he called the Native People Indians

JournalJournal

•“The crew of the Pinta spotted some…reeds and some other plants; they also saw what looked like a small board or plank. A stick was recovered that looks man-made, perhaps carved with an iron tool…but even these few [things] made the crew breathe easier; in fact the men have become cheerful”

Marvels of a New WorldMarvels of a New World

In April 1493 Columbus returned to the Spanish Court and received the titles of “Admiral of the Ocean Sea” and “Viceroy and Governor of the Indies”.Columbus had brought but some of the native people and everyone was interested in their copper tone skin, as well as the gold and trade possibilities available there.Columbus made three more voyages across the Atlantic, but he died in 1506 unaware that he had discovered new land.

Treaty of TordesillasTreaty of Tordesillas

Columbus’s exploration put Spain and Columbus’s exploration put Spain and Portugal in direct competition for trade Portugal in direct competition for trade and empire buildingand empire buildingTo resolve the conflict the Pope To resolve the conflict the Pope Alexander VI drew a Alexander VI drew a Line of Line of Demarcation Demarcation through the Atlantic through the Atlantic Ocean in 1493Ocean in 1493Spain was given all the non-Christian Spain was given all the non-Christian lands to the west of the line, and lands to the west of the line, and Portugal all those to the eastPortugal all those to the east

Treaty of Tordesillas Treaty of Tordesillas (cont.)(cont.)

In 1500 a fleet of Portuguese ships In 1500 a fleet of Portuguese ships commanded by Pedro commanded by Pedro Alvarez Cabral set out for Alvarez Cabral set out for IndiaIndia

But the ship was blown off But the ship was blown off course and the expedition course and the expedition reached present day Brazilreached present day Brazil

This led to Portugal claiming the This led to Portugal claiming the land as it was east of line of demarcationland as it was east of line of demarcation

America is Named!America is Named!

In 1499 a different Portuguese expedition with In 1499 a different Portuguese expedition with navigator Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the navigator Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the coast of South Americacoast of South AmericaVespucci determined that this land was a new Vespucci determined that this land was a new continentcontinentIn 1504 Vespucci’s account was published and In 1504 Vespucci’s account was published and he incorrectly received the credithe incorrectly received the credit

for reaching the new land before for reaching the new land before ColumbusColumbusThe new world was namedThe new world was named

“ “America” by German mapmakersAmerica” by German mapmakers

A Vast New Ocean RevealedA Vast New Ocean Revealed

Vasco Núñez de Balboa Vasco Núñez de Balboa led a journey to find a body led a journey to find a body of water that was guided of water that was guided by the Indians.by the Indians.

The Indians knew the The Indians knew the diverse and complicated diverse and complicated paths to the countryside.paths to the countryside.

In 1513 Balboa was the In 1513 Balboa was the first European person to first European person to observe the eastern coast observe the eastern coast of the pacific ocean.of the pacific ocean.

This is a map of Balboa’s This is a map of Balboa’s pathpath

Magellan’s PlanMagellan’s Plan

Magellan hoped to Magellan hoped to sail to the Spice sail to the Spice Islands around the Islands around the world.world.

Spice trade is Spice trade is valuable and is found valuable and is found in Indonesia.in Indonesia.

Magellan went to Magellan went to Portuguese court in Portuguese court in Spain and Spain and approached King approached King Charles I with his Charles I with his plan.plan.

The Difficult PassageThe Difficult Passage

Spanish King then Spanish King then financed Magellan’s financed Magellan’s trip in 1519trip in 15191520-Magellan 1520-Magellan reached a strait at reached a strait at the southern tip of the southern tip of South AmericaSouth AmericaMagellan called the Magellan called the ocean on the other ocean on the other side the Pacificside the Pacific

Who were the first Europeans to go to the Who were the first Europeans to go to the Americas/New World?Americas/New World?

Why did Columbus originally sail to the West?

Review Review

He wanted to voyage to Asia by sailing west instead of south and east.

The first Europeans to go to Americas was The Norse The first Europeans to go to Americas was The Norse seafarers from Scandinaviaseafarers from Scandinavia

What is the Line of Demarcation? And What is the Line of Demarcation? And who drew the line?who drew the line?

What country claimed Brazil?

Review Review

The line gave Spain all the non-Christian lands The line gave Spain all the non-Christian lands to the west of the line, and Portugal all those to the west of the line, and Portugal all those

to the east.to the east.

Pope Alexander VIPope Alexander VI

Portugal

What did Balboa want to find in the What did Balboa want to find in the west?west?

Review Review

What did Ferdinand Magellan search for?

Balboa led a journey to find a body Balboa led a journey to find a body of water what is now the Pacific of water what is now the Pacific

OceanOcean

Magellan hoped to sail to the Spice Islands around the

world.

Review Review Who incorrectly received credit for Who incorrectly received credit for

reaching the new land before reaching the new land before Columbus. Columbus.

In what year did Pedro Alvarez Cabral

set for India.

1500

Amerigo VespucciAmerigo Vespucci

Which of these people is Which of these people is Ferdinand Magellan ?Ferdinand Magellan ?

Review Review