Vowels: Diphthongs Vowels: Diphthongs

Unit 7

i:

e

u:

ɒʌ

I

æ

з:

ə

high

mid-high

mid-low

low

front central back

Vowel Charts: English Pure Vowels

ɑ:

ʊ

ɔ:

Revision: English Pure Vowels

Introduction

Diphthongs

/ei/

/ai/

/əu /

//auau /

//iə/iə/

/ɔi/ɔi/

/ɛə//ɛə/

/uə/uə /

English Diphthongs

Centring diphthongs Closing diphthongs

Ending in ə Ending in I ending in ʊ

Iə eə ʊə eI aI ɔI əʊ aʊ

here hare tour they cry toy know now

English DiphthongsClosing Diphthongs & Centring Diphthongs

English closing diphthongs with sample wordspaid, hide, toy, tow, how

I

ɒ

ε

Centring Diphthongs集中 /中向双元音：

/ iə / / eə / / uə /

总特征：发音时从各自的起点朝着中元音 /ə/的方向移动，故称为集中双元音。

特别提示：发双元音的要点是要将两个元音都发出来，发音过程中一定要有唇形的变化，否则就会显得发音生涩、僵硬，听起来像两个单元音。

/ Iə / 集中双元音集中双元音

•发音过程中，双唇稍稍展开；发音过程中，双唇稍稍展开；•牙床从全合到半开；牙床从全合到半开；•发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；•发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/i ə/

eaea

earear

iaia

eereer

ereere

iouiou

idea real realize theatre

ear dear near clear

here mere

material industrial

beer cheer peer deer pioneer

various

/ iə /

Pair work

a queer idea

cheerful tears

from ear to ear

a real hero

fearful sneers

near the theatre

Sentences

We fear we can’t hear him clearly as he has such a big beard.

He is serious and fierce, but sincere.

My dear brother will come home near the end of the year.

Dialogue

A: Where are you, my dear?B: I’m here, dear.A: Come near, dear. I can only hear

you, but I can’t see you.B: Well, I’m here, sitting in a chair

drinking beer. It’s nice beer, dear. Why don’t you come here and have a glass of beer?

A: Oh, dear. Beer, beer, beer, I hate beer.

/eə/ 集中双元音集中双元音

发音时舌端抵下齿，前舌略发音时舌端抵下齿，前舌略略抬起，牙床从开三分之二到略抬起，牙床从开三分之二到半开；半开；发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/eə/

earearairairareareereereaa

eireirarar

bear wear pear air hair chair fair repair

parent various area

scarce

dare spare share rare square

there where nowhere

their heir

/eə/

Pair work

a scared hare

share the pear

a fair in the square

a careless mayor

repair the stairs

a bear on the chair

Sentences

He stared at the mayor who was sitting on a mare.

There’s scarcely a chair there that stands wear and tear.

He takes special care of his hair.

A: Let’s go there, Cary.B: No, I don’t want to go

there.A: Why not, Cary?B: I’m afraid of the bears on

the stairs.A: They’re all plastic bears

full of air.

Dialogue

/ʊə/ 集中双元音集中双元音

•发音时双唇从收圆到半开；发音时双唇从收圆到半开；•发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；•发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/uə/

ooroor

uaua

urur

ureure

poor poorly

February usual

pure sure lure cure

/ʊə/

during curious Europe fury

Pair work

a poor doer

a pure jewel

the furious jury

fewer and fewer

poorer and poorerthe curious tourist

Sentences

The doctor from Europe said that the patient would surely be cured.

There is a duel going on between the furious jewelers.

I’m sure that’s pure gold.

A: Do you like my jewel?B: Yes, it’s a nice jewel.A: Come closer and take another look.B: Oh my! What a beautiful jewel! Is it

another gift from John?A: Yes. This is the fifth jewel he’s given

me.B: Are you going to ask him for more?A: Sure. I won’t marry him if he doesn’t

give me his biggest jewel.

Dialogue

Closing Diphthongs

合口双元音： / ei / / ai / / ɔi / / əu / / au /

总特征：发音过程中，口型从开到合，因此被称作合口双元音。

特别提示：发音时一定要感受到变化的过程，这是双元音发音的关键。

/eI/ 合口双元音合口双元音

先发先发 [ e ]音，然后滑向 [I ] 音；双唇稍平，口形从半开到合；双唇稍平，口形从半开到合；发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/ei/

aaayayaiaieieieaeaeyey

game cake labour lazy hatred

day way may

break great steak

wait rain fail complain sail

neighbour eight weight

they hey

/eI/

Pair Work

May DayLabor DayNo pains, no gains.Great changes have taken

place in only one day.

Sentences

An ape hates grape cakes.

My dame has a lame tame crane.

The rain in Spain is mainly on the plain.

DialogueA: Oh, may I stay, Mummy? Please say I

can stay all day.B: Yes, if they say you may.A: They’ve got lots of places to play, and

they’ve…B: Wait, Jane!A: I’ll take my painting book, and some of

my games.B: Wait till they say you may.

Comparison

say saidpain penmain men

fail feelgrate greetcape keep

[aI ] 合口双元音合口双元音

•发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；•发音过程中，下颚迅速向上移发音过程中，下颚迅速向上移动，舌尖抵住下齿；动，舌尖抵住下齿；•发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/ai/

yyii

ighighieieeieiuyuyyeyeeyeeyeaiai

fly by cry rice time wide private find

either eider height

dye

night right fight highlie tie die

buy guy

eyed

/aI/

aisle

Pair Workquite righta nice knife a kind writerTime and tide wait for

no man.

Sentences

Great minds think alike.Strike while the iron is hot.A tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to

tidy her tiny tail.My wife gave Mr. Snipe’s wife’s

knife a wipe.

DialogueA: Are you seeing Mike tonight?B: Yes. He has a new motorcycle.A: Did Mike let you ride it?B: Yes. I tried it. And I like it.A: Weren’t you frightened?B: Sure. But I still like it.

Comparison

life laughclimb calmpike park

bike backfight fatmine man

/ ɔI / 合口双元音合口双元音

•唇形由圆唇变为扁唇，口型从唇形由圆唇变为扁唇，口型从开到合；开到合；•发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；•发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/ɔi/

oyoy

oioi

joy soy enjoy coy oyster

employ deploy destroy loyal

oil noise boil choice

coin soil join disappoint

/ɔI/

Pair Work

toilet paperjoyful boysmake a choice The boy was annoyed

because his toy was destroyed.

DialogueA: What toy shall I buy for Roy this time?B: For Roy? You want to buy him another

toy?A: Yes, of course. He enjoys playing with

toys.B: He enjoys destroying toys.A: My boy will cry if I don’t buy one.B: Well, you can only spoil the boy.

Comparison

oil alltoil tallcoin cornjoy jawsnoise gnows

/ əʊ / 合口双元音合口双元音

•发音过程中，下颚稍抬高，双唇发音过程中，下颚稍抬高，双唇由扁平收圆，口型从半开到合；由扁平收圆，口型从半开到合；•发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；•发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

ooowowoaoaououoeoeewew

so home those told poem note

throw tomorrow show bowl

soul though shoulder

sew

load toast soap boat road

toe hoe

/əʊ/

Sentences

Roses have thorns.As you sow, so shall you reap.Little strokes fell great oaks.He posed for a group of photos

with his old fellows.

Comparison

goat gotnote notown on

row rawwoke walkbowl ball

coal coolwrote rootsoap soup

/aʊ/ 合口双元音合口双元音

•双唇逐渐收成圆形，并把舌后双唇逐渐收成圆形，并把舌后部稍稍抬起；部稍稍抬起；•舌位由低到高，口型由大到小；舌位由低到高，口型由大到小；•发音前长后短，前重后轻；发音前长后短，前重后轻；•发音时声带振动。发音时声带振动。

/aʊ/

owow

ouou

owl cow how now down crowd allow town flower power bower

mouth out house ground around mouse loud sound found our fountain counter

Sentences

Out of sight, out of mind.Open your mouth and round

your lips.Now teach me how to plough.The loud and powerful sounds

from the mower made the flowers bow down.

Comparison

loud lordshout shorthowl halldown dawn