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Volume Activation Planning GuideWindows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2
Microsoft Corporation
Published: June 2009
Abstract
Volume Activation helps Volume Licensing customers automate and manage the activationprocess of Volume Licensing media Volume Licensing customers and special programsubscribers such as the Microsoft Partner Program! M"#$%! and Microsoft% &ech$et'areeligible for Volume Licensing soft(are and media &his guide is for information technolog)*+&, professionals (hose organi-ations are planning to deplo) Volume Activation versionsof the .indo(s% / and .indo(s "erver% 200 12 operating s)stems
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&his document and an) document referenced herein is provided for informational purposes onl) and Microsoft maes no
(arranties! either e3press or implied! in this document +nformation in this document! including 41L and other +nternet .eb
site references! is sub5ect to change (ithout notice &he entire ris of the use or the results from the use of this document
remains (ith the user 4nless other(ise noted! the companies! organi-ations! products! domain names! e6mail addresses!
logos! people! places! and events depicted in e3amples herein are fictitious $o association (ith an) real compan)!
organi-ation! product! domain name! e6mail address! logo! person! place! or event is intended or should be inferred
Compl)ing (ith all applicable cop)right la(s is the responsibilit) of the user .ithout limiting the rights under cop)right! no
part of this document ma) be reproduced! stored in or introduced into a retrieval s)stem! or transmitted in an) form or b)
an) means *electronic! mechanical! photocop)ing! recording! or other(ise,! or for an) purpose! (ithout the e3press (ritten
permission of Microsoft Corporation
Microsoft ma) have patents! patent applications! trademars! cop)rights! or other intellectual propert) rights covering
sub5ect matter in this document 73cept as e3pressl) provided in an) (ritten license agreement from Microsoft! the
furnishing of this document does not give )ou an) license to these patents! trademars! cop)rights! or other intellectual
propert)
8 2009 Microsoft Corporation All rights reserved
Microsoft! Active #irector)! )per6V! M"#$! .indo(s! the .indo(s logo! .indo(s "erver! .indo(s Vista! and .indo(s
.eb "erver are trademars of the Microsoft group of companies
&he names of actual companies and products mentioned herein ma) be the trademars of their respective o(ners
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Contents
+ntroduction
Learn About Product Activation;Activation <ptions;
1etail;
<riginal 7=uipment Manufacturer/
Volume Licensing/
Volume Activation Models
>e) Management "ervice
Multiple Activation >e)
.hat +f ")stems Are $ot Activated?9
@race Period9
@race Period 73piration9
Product >e)s0
1evie( Available Activation Models
>e) Management "ervice
Minimum Computer 1e=uirements
o( >M" .orsB
Planning a >M" #eplo)ment
Multiple Activation >e)
Volume Activation Management &ool9
MA> Architecture97valuate Client Connectivit)20
Core $et(or22
+solated $et(ors2B
igh6"ecurit) one2B
Dranch <ffice Locations2
+ndividual #isconnected Computers2;
&estE#evelopment Labs2;
Map Computers to an Activation Method2
#etermine Product >e) $eeds29Choosing the MA> >e)B0
Choosing the >M" >e)B
Choosing the >M" ostBB
#etermine Monitoring and 1eporting $eedsB
.indo(s Management +nstrumentationB
")stem Center Configuration ManagerB
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7vent LogsB;
>M" Management PacB;
Volume Activation Management &oolB;
Appendi3 A: +nformation "ent to MicrosoftB/
Appendi3 D: Licensing ConditionsB
ActivatedB9
@raceB9
@enuineB9
$otificationsF0
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Introduction
Volume Activation is a configurable solution that helps +& pros automate and
manage the product6activation process on computers that are running the .indo(s
Vista%! .indo(s% /! .indo(s "erver% 200! and .indo(s "erver 200 12
operating s)stems licensed under a Microsoft% Volume Licensing program and
other programs that provide Volume License editions of .indo(s &his guide
provides planning steps and scenarios to assist in planning a Volume Activation
deplo)ment specificall) for the .indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 operating
s)stems
ote &his document provides Volume Activation planning guidance for the .indo(s / and .indo(s
"erver 200 12 operating s)stems o(ever! this guide does address interoperabilit) bet(een both
generations of products Gor more information about planning Volume Activation for .indo(s Vista
and .indo(s "erver 200! see Volume Activation 20 &echnical @uidance on the Microsoft .eb site
*http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+#H/;/F,
A Volume Activation deplo)ment includes the follo(ing steps:
Learn about product activation
2 1evie( available activation models
B 7valuate client connectivit)
F Map the ph)sical computer or virtual machine to an activation method
#etermine product e) needs
; #etermine monitoring and reporting needs
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!earn About Product Activation
Product activation is the process of validating soft(are (ith the manufacturer
Activation confirms the genuine status of a product and that the product e) is not
compromised +t is analogous to the activation of credit cards or ne( mobile
phones Activation establishes a relationship bet(een the soft(areIs product e)
and a particular installation of that soft(are on a device
All activation methods that are used b) Microsoft are designed to help protect user
privac) #ata that is sent during activation is not traceable to the computer or user
&he data that is gathered is used to confirm that the soft(are is a legall) licensed
cop) +t is then aggregated for statistical anal)sis Microsoft does not use this
information to identif) or contact the user or organi-ation
Gor e3ample! during online activations! information such as the soft(are version!
language! the product e)! the +nternet Protocol *+P, address! and information
about the hard(are of the device are sent to Microsoft &he +P address is used onl)
to verif) the location of the re=uest because some editions of .indo(s such as
.indo(s / "tarter can be activated onl) (ithin certain target maret geographies
Activation "#tionsLicenses for .indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 can be obtained through one
of three basic channels: retail! original e=uipment manufacturer *<7M,! or Volume
Licensing 7ach channel has its o(n uni=ue methods of activation Decause
organi-ations can obtain their operating s)stems through an) of the three available
channels! the) can choose a combination of activation methods
Retail
.indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 products that are ac=uired through a
retail store are individuall) licensed and are activated in the same (a) as retail
versions of the .indo(s Vista and .indo(s "erver 200 operating s)stems 7ach
purchased cop) comes (ith one uni=ue product e) *printed on the product
pacaging,! (hich the user enters during the product installation &he computer
;
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uses this product e) to complete the activation after the installation of the
operating s)stem is complete &his final activation step can be accomplished online
or b) telephone
"riginal $%ui#ment &anu'acturer
Most <7Ms sell s)stems that include a standard build of the .indo(s / or .indo(s
"erver 200 12 operating s)stem ard(are vendors perform <7M activation b)
associating the operating s)stem to the firm(are *basic inputEoutput s)stem! or
D+<", of the computer &his process occurs before the computer is sent to the
customer so that no additional actions are re=uired b) the user &his method of
activation is no(n as OEM activation
<7M activation is valid as long as the customer uses the <7M6provided image on as)stem &o create a customi-ed image! customers can use the image provided b)
the <7M as the basis for creating the custom image <ther(ise! a different
activation method must be used Gor further details on customi-ing .indo(s and
activation impacts refer to the follo(ing (hitepaper
ote <7M activation is applicable to computers (ith .indo(s installed that are purchased through
<7M channels
Volume !icensing
Microsoft Volume Licensing offers customi-ed programs that are tailored to the si-e
and purchasing preference of the organi-ation &hese programs provide simple!
fle3ible! and affordable solutions that enable organi-ations to easil) manage their
licenses &o become a Volume Licensing customer! the organi-ation needs to set up
a Volume License agreement (ith Microsoft
&here are t(o legal (a)s to ac=uire a full license for a ne( computer (ith a
.indo(s client operating s)stem &he first and most economical (a) is to have the
license preinstalled through the original e=uipment manufacturer &he other option
is to purchase a full) pacaged retail product
Microsoft Volume Licensing programs such as <pen License! "elect License! and
7nterprise Agreements cover onl) upgrades to .indo(s client operating s)stems
/
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A =ualif)ing <" licensing is needed for each computer before upgrade rights
obtained through Volume Licensing can be e3ercised on these computers
Gor more information on Volume Licensing including list of =ualif)ing <"! go to
http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dH/B0/;
ote( "ome editions of .indo(s! such as .indo(s / 7nterprise! are available onl) through the
Volume Licensing channel
Volume Activation &odels
Volume Activation allo(s volume license customers to automate the activation
process so that it is transparent to users Volume Activation applies to computers
that are covered under a Volume Licensing program +t is used strictl) as a tool for
activation! and it is not tied to license invoicing or billing
Volume Activation provides t(o models for completing volume activations: >e)
Management "ervice *>M", and Multiple Activation >e) *MA>, >M" allo(s
organi-ations to activate s)stems (ithin their net(or! and MA> activates s)stems
on a one6time basis b) using the hosted activation services provided b) Microsoft
Customers can use either or both e) t)pes to activate s)stems in their
environments
)e* &anagement Service
.ith >M"! +& pros can complete activations on their local net(or! eliminating the
need for individual computers to connect to Microsoft for product activation >M" is
a light(eight service that does not re=uire a dedicated s)stem and can easil) be co6
hosted on a s)stem that provides other services D) default! volume editions of
.indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 connect to a s)stem that hosts the >M"
service to re=uest activation $o action is re=uired from the user
>M" re=uires a minimum number of computers *ph)sical or virtual machines, in a
net(or environment &he organi-ation must have at least five computers to
activate .indo(s "erver 200 12 and at least 2 computers to activate clients that
are running .indo(s / &hese minimums are referred to as activation thresholds
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&o use >M" activation (ith .indo(s /! the computer must have the =ualif)ing <"
license *often obtained through <7Ms as part of the ne( PC purchase, and contain
a .indo(s Marer in D+<"
&ulti#le Activation )e*
MA> is used for one6time activation (ith MicrosoftIs hosted activation services
&here are t(o (a)s to activate computers using MA> &he first method is MA>
+ndependent activation! (hich re=uires that each computer independentl) connect
and be activated (ith Microsoft either over the +nternet or b) telephone &he
second method is MA> Pro3) activation .ith this method! a computer acting as a
MA> pro3) gathers activation information from multiple computers on the net(or!and then sends a centrali-ed activation re=uest on their behalf MA> Pro3)
activation is configured using the Volume Activation Management &ool *VAM&,
ote >M" is the default e) for Volume Activation clients 4sing MA> activation re=uires installing a
MA> e) Gor more information about converting >M" clients to MA>! see the Volume Activation
Deployment Guide
W+at I' S*stems Are ot Activated,
Activation is designed to provide a transparent activation e3perience for users +f
activation does not occur immediatel) after the operating s)stem is installed!
.indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 still provide the full functionalit) of the
operating s)stem for a limited amount of time! or grace period. &he length of a
grace period is B0 da)s for .indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 After the
grace period e3pires! both operating s)stems remind the user through notifications
to activate the computer
Grace Period
#uring the initial grace period! there are periodic notifications that the computer
re=uires activation <nce per da)! during the logon process! a notification appears
to remind the user to activate the operating s)stem &his continues until there are
three da)s remaining in the grace period Gor the first t(o of the final three da)s of
9
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the grace period! the notification appears ever) four hours #uring the final da) of
the grace period! the notification appears ever) hour! on the hour
Grace Period $-#iration
After the initial grace period e3pires or activation fails! .indo(s / and .indo(s
"erver 200 12 continue to notif) users that the operating s)stem re=uires
activation 4ntil the operating s)stem is activated! reminders that the computer
must be activated appear in several places throughout the product:
• $otification dialogs appear during logon after user credentials entr)
• $otifications appear at the bottom of the screen above the notification area
• A persistent destop notification remains (ith a blac destop bacground
• A reminder might appear (hen users open certain .indo(s applications
Product )e*s
Volume Activation does not change ho( Volume Licensing customers obtain their
product e)s &he) can obtain MA> and >M" e)s at the Volume Licensing "ervice
Center *VL"C, .eb site at http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dH0/FF or b)
calling an Activation Call Center "ervice Provider License Agreement *"PLA,
partners can onl) obtain e)s b) calling an Activation Call Center Customers in the4nited "tates can call 66B26/F0 +nternational customers should contact
their local support center Gor the telephone numbers of Activation Call Centers
(orld(ide! go to http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dH0/F .hen calling a
support center! customers must have the Volume License agreement
Volume Licensing customers can log on to the VL"C .eb site at an) time to vie(
their >M" e) information &he VL"C .eb site also contains information on ho( to
re=uest and use MA>s Gor more information about MA> and >M" e)s! including
information about increasing the number of allo(ed activations! see the $-isting
Customers page at http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dH/F00
0
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Review Available Activation &odels
Volume Activation provides the follo(ing activation models:
• >e) Management "ervice *>M",
• Multiple Activation >e) *MA>,
&he model chosen depends on the si-e! net(or infrastructure! connectivit)! and
securit) re=uirements of the organi-ation +& pros can choose to use onl) one or a
combination of these activation models
ote &oen6based Activation is a speciali-ed activation option available for approved Microsoft
Volume Licensing customers +t is designed for use in specific scenarios! (here the end s)stems are
completel) disconnected from the net(or or phone &his option enables customers to use public e)infrastructure *P>+, and digital certificates *or tokens! t)picall) stored on smart cards, to activate
.indo(s / 7nterprise and .indo(s "erver 200 12 locall) (ithout contacting either customer6hosted
>M" or the Microsoft6hosted activation service using MA> Gor more information about &oen6based
Activation! contact a Microsoft Account &eam or "ervices 1epresentative
)e* &anagement Service
>M" activates computers on a local net(or! eliminating the need for individual
computers to connect to Microsoft &o do this! >M" uses a clientserver topolog)
>M" client computers can locate >M" host computers b) using #omain $ame
")stem *#$", or a static configuration >M" clients contact the >M" host b) using
remote procedure call *1PC, >M" can be hosted on computers that are running the
.indo(s Vista! .indo(s /! .indo(s "erver 200B! .indo(s "erver 200! or
.indo(s "erver 200 12! or operating s)stems
&inimum Com#uter Re%uirements
.hen planning for >M" activation! the net(or must meet or e3ceed the activation
threshold, or the minimum number of =ualif)ing computers that >M" re=uires
+& pros must also understand ho( the >M" host tracs the number of computers on
the net(or
KM Activation !hresholds
>M" can activate both ph)sical computers and virtual machines &o =ualif) for >M"
activation! a net(or must have a minimum number of =ualif)ing computers! called
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the activation threshold. >M" hosts activate clients onl) after meeting this
threshold &o ensure that the activation threshold is met! a >M" host counts the
number of computers that are re=uesting activation on the net(or
&he >M" client computers are activated after meeting the activation threshold &hecomputers running .indo(s server 200 or .indo(s "erver 200 12 the activation
threshold is five Gor computers running .indo(s Vista or .indo(s / the activation
threshold is 2 &he thresholds include clients and servers that are running on
ph)sical computers or virtual machines
A >M" host responds to each valid activation re=uest from a >M" client (ith the
count of ho( man) computers have contacted the >M" host for activation Clients
that receive a count belo( their activation threshold are not activated Gor e3ample!
if the first t(o computers that contact the >M" host are running .indo(s /! the
first receives an activation count of ! and the second receives an activation count
of 2 +f the ne3t computer is a .indo(s / virtual machine! it receives an activation
count of B! and so on $one of these computers is activated! because computers
running .indo(s / must receive an activation count K2 to be activated >M"
clients in the grace state that are not activated because the activation count is too
lo( connect to the >M" host ever) t(o hours to get the current activation count
and (ill be activated (hen the threshold is met
+f the ne3t computer that contacts the >M" host is running .indo(s
"erver 200 12! it receives an activation count of F! because activation counts are
a combination of computers running .indo(s "erver 200 12 and .indo(s / +f a
computer running .indo(s "erver 200 or .indo(s "erver 200 12 receives an
activation count that is K! it is activated +f a computer running .indo(s /
receives an activation count K2! it is activated
Activation "ount "ache
&o trac the activation threshold! the >M" host eeps a record of the >M" clients
that re=uest activation &he >M" host gives each >M" client a client machine
identification *CM+#, designation! and the >M" host saves each CM+# in a table
7ach activation re=uest remains in the table for B0 da)s .hen a client rene(s its
2
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activation! the cached CM+# is removed from the table! a ne( record is created!
and the B06da) period begins again +f a >M" client does not rene( its activation
(ithin B0 da)s! the >M" host removes the corresponding CM+# from the table and
reduces the activation count b) one
&he >M" host caches t(ice the number of CM+#s that >M" clients re=uire to help
ensure that the CM+# count does not drop belo( the activation threshold Gor
e3ample! on a net(or (ith clients that are running .indo(s /! the >M" activation
threshold is 2 &he >M" host caches the CM+#s of the most recent 0 activations
&he >M" activation threshold for .indo(s "erver 200 12 is five A >M" host that
is contacted onl) b) >M" clients that are running .indo(s "erver 200 12 (ould
cache the 0 most recent CM+#s +f a client that is running .indo(s / later
contacts that >M" host! >M" increases the cache si-e to 0 to accommodate the
higher threshold >M" never reduces the cache si-e
.ow )&S Wor/s
>M" activation re=uires &CPE+P connectivit) D) default! >M" hosts and clients use
#$" to publish and find the >M" service &he default settings can be used! (hich
re=uire little to no administrative action! or >M" hosts and clients can be manuall)
configured based on net(or configuration and securit) re=uirements
KM Activation #ene$al
>M" activations are valid for 0 da)s &his is called the activation validity interval.
&o remain activated! >M" clients must rene( their activation b) connecting to the
>M" host at least once ever) 0 da)s D) default! >M" client computers attempt
to rene( their activation ever) seven da)s +G >M" activation fails! the client (ill
retr) ever) t(o hours After a clientIs activation is rene(ed! the activation validit)
interval begins again
Pu%lication o& the KM ervice
&he >M" service uses service *"1V, resource records *11, in #$" to store and
communicate the locations of >M" hosts >M" hosts use #$" d)namic update
protocol! if available! to publish the >M" "1V 11s +f d)namic update is not
available or the >M" host does not have rights to publish the 11s! the #$" records
B
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must be published manuall)! or +& pros must configure client computers to connect
to specific >M" hosts
ote #$" changes ma) tae time to propagate to all #$" hosts! depending on the comple3it) and
topolog) of the net(or
"lient Discovery o& the KM ervice
D) default! >M" clients =uer) #$" for >M" service information &he first time a
>M" client =ueries #$" for >M" service information! it randoml) chooses a >M"
host from the list of "1V 11s that #$" returns
&he address of a #$" server containing the "1V 11s can be listed as a suffi3ed
entr) on >M" clients! (hich allo(s advertisement of "1V 11s for >M" in one #$"
server and >M" clients (ith other primar) #$" servers to find it
Priority and $eight parameters can be added to the nsomainPublis+!ist
registr) value for >M" 7stablishing >M" host priorit) groupings and (eighting
(ithin each group allo(s +& pros to specif) (hich >M" host the clients should tr)
first and balances traffic among multiple >M" hosts <nl) .indo(s / and .indo(s
"erver 200 12 provide the priority and $eight parameters
+f the >M" host that a client selects does not respond! the >M" client removes that
>M" host from its list of "1V 11s and randoml) selects another >M" host from thelist .hen a >M" host responds! the >M" client caches the name of the >M" host
and uses it for subse=uent activation and rene(al attempts +f the cached >M" host
does not respond on a subse=uent rene(al! the >M" client discovers a ne( >M"
host b) =uer)ing #$" for >M" "1V 11s
D) default! client computers connect to the >M" host for activation b) using
anon)mous 1PCs through &CP port ; *+& pros can change the default port,
After establishing a &CP session (ith the >M" host! the client sends a single re=uest
pacet &he >M" host responds (ith the activation count +f the count meets or
e3ceeds the activation threshold for that operating s)stem! the client is activated
and the session is closed &he >M" client uses this same process for rene(al
re=uests &he communication each (a) is 20 b)tes
F
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Planning a )&S e#lo*ment
&he >M" service does not re=uire a dedicated server &he >M" service can be co6
hosted (ith other services! such as Active #irector)% #omain "ervices *A# #",
domain controllers and read6onl) domain controllers *1<#Cs, >M" hosts can also
run on ph)sical computers or virtual machines that are running an) supported
.indo(s operating s)stem! including .indo(s "erver 200B Although a >M" host
that is running .indo(s "erver 200 12 can activate an) .indo(s operating
s)stem that supports Volume Activation! a >M" host that is running .indo(s / can
activate onl) computers running .indo(s / and .indo(s Vista clients A single
>M" host can support unlimited numbers of >M" clients ho(ever! Microsoft
recommends deplo)ing a minimum of t(o >M" hosts for failover Most
organi-ations can use as fe( as t(o >M" hosts for their entire infrastructure
ote >M" is not automaticall) included in .indo(s "erver 200B &o host >M" on computers that are
running .indo(s "erver 200B! do(nload and install >M" from one of the follo(ing sites:
• Gor 3;6based computers: >e) Management "ervice *3;, for .indo(s "erver 200B "P
and Later *http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+#H29;F,
• Gor 3;F6based computers: >e) Management "ervice *3;F, for .indo(s "erver 200B "P
and Later *http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dHB0F,
Planning D' erver "on&iguration
&he default >M" auto6publishing feature re=uires "1V 11 and #$" d)namic update
protocol support >M" client default behavior and >M" "1V 11 publishing are
supported on a #$" server that is running Microsoft soft(are or an) other #$"
server that supports "1V 11s *per +nternet 7ngineering &as Gorce +7&GN 1e=uest
for Comments 1GCN 2/2, and d)namic updates *per 1GC 2B;, Gor e3ample!
Derele) +nternet #omain $ame *D+$#, versions 3 and 93 support both "1V
records and d)namic update
&he >M" host must be configured so that it has the credentials needed to create
and update "1V! A *+nternet Protocol version F! or +PvF,! and AAAA *+nternet
Protocol version ;! or +Pv;, 11s on the #$" servers! or the records need to be
created manuall) &he recommended solution for giving the >M" host the needed
credentials is to create a securit) group in A# #"! and then add all >M" hosts to
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that group +n a #$" server that is running Microsoft soft(are! ensure that this
securit) group is given full control over the OVLMC"O&CP record on each #$"
domain that (ill contain the >M" "1V 11s
Activating the (irst KM )ost
>M" hosts on the net(or need to install a >M" e)! and then be activated (ith
Microsoft +nstallation of a >M" e) enables the >e) Management "ervice on the
>M" host After installing the >M" e)! complete the activation of the >M" host b)
telephone or online De)ond this initial activation! a >M" host does not
communicate an) information to Microsoft
>M" e)s are onl) installed on >M" hosts! never on individual >M" clients
.indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 have safeguards to help preventinadvertentl) installing >M" e)s on >M" client computers An) time users tr) to
install a >M" e)! the) see the (arning sho(n in Gigure
1igure Installing a )&S /e*
Activating u%se*uent KM )osts
7ach >M" e) can be installed on up to si3 >M" hosts! (hich can be ph)sical
computers or virtual machines After activating a >M" host! the same host can be
reactivated up to nine more times (ith the same e)
+f the organi-ation needs more than si3 >M" hosts! +& pros can re=uest additional
activations for the organi-ationIs >M" e) b) calling the Activation Call Center to
re=uest an e3ception Gor more information! see the Volume Licensing .eb site at
http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+#H/B0/;
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+pgrading Eisting KM )osts
>M" hosts that are running .indo(s "erver 200B! .indo(s Vista! or .indo(s
"erver 200 can be configured to support >M" clients that are running .indo(s /
and .indo(s "erver 200 12 Gor .indo(s Vista and .indo(s "erver 200! it is
necessar) to update the >M" host (ith a pacage (ith files that support the
e3panded >M" client &his pacage is available through the Microsoft #o(nload
Center at http:EE(((microsoftcomEdo(nloads or through .indo(s 4pdate and
.indo(s "erver 4pdate "ervices *."4", <nce the pacage is installed on the >M"
host! a >M" e) that is designed to support .indo(s / and .indo(s
"erver 200 12 can be installed and activated as described earlier in this guide &he
>M" e) that supports the ne( versions of the .indo(s operating s)stems also
provides support for the previous Volume License editions of .indo(s that areacting as >M" clients
+n the case of updating a .indo(s "erver 200B >M" host! all necessar) files are
contained (ithin the >M" 2 do(nloadable pacage! (hich is available through the
Microsoft #o(nload Center at http:EE(((microsoftcomEdo(nloads
Planning KM "lients
D) default! computers that are running Volume License editions of .indo(s Vista!
.indo(s /! .indo(s "erver 200! and .indo(s "erver 200 12 are >M" clients!
and no additional configuration is needed >M" clients can locate a >M" host
automaticall) b) =uer)ing #$" for "1V 11s that publish the >M" service +f the
net(or environment does not use "1V 11s! a >M" client can be manuall)
configured to use a specific >M" host
&o manuall) configure >M" clients! follo( the steps in the Volume Activation
#eplo)ment @uide.
Activating as a tandard +ser
.indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 do not re=uire administrator privileges for
activation o(ever! this change does not allo( standard user accounts to remove
.indo(s / or .indo(s "erver 200 12 from the activated state An administrator
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account is still re=uired for other activation6 or license6related tass! such as
rearmQ
&ulti#le Activation )e*
A MA> is used for one6time activation (ith MicrosoftIs hosted activation services
7ach MA> has a predetermined number of allo(ed activations this number is based
on Volume Licensing agreements and does not match the organi-ationIs e3act
license count 7ach activation using a MA> (ith MicrosoftIs hosted activation service
counts to(ard the activation limit
&here are t(o (a)s to activate computers b) using a MA>:
• &A) Inde#endent activation3 7ach computer independentl) connect and be
activated (ith Microsoft! over the +nternet or b) telephone MA> +ndependent
activation is best suited for computers (ithin an organi-ation that do not
maintain a connection to the corporate net(or
• &A) Pro-* activation3 MA> Pro3) activation enables a centrali-ed activation
re=uest on behalf of multiple computers (ith one connection to Microsoft MA>
Pro3) activation is configured using the Volume Activation Management &ool
*VAM&, MA> Pro3) activation is appropriate for environments in (hich securit)
concerns ma) restrict direct access to the +nternet or the corporate net(or +t
is also suited for development and test labs that lac this connectivit)
MA> is recommended for computers that rarel) or never connect to the corporate
net(or and for environments in (hich the number of computers needing activation
does not meet the >M" activation threshold MA> can be used for individual
computers or (ith an image that can be duplicated or installed b) using Microsoft
deplo)ment solutions MA> can also be used on a computer that (as originall)
configured to use >M" activation &his is useful for moving a computer off the core
net(or to a disconnected environment
Volume Activation &anagement 4ool
+ncluded in the .indo(s Automated +nstallation >it *.indo(s A+>,! VAM& is a
stand6alone application that collects activation re=uests from several computers!
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and then sends them to Microsoft in bul VAM& allo(s +& pros to specif) a group of
computers to activate using A# #"! (orgroup names! +P addresses! or computer
names After receiving the activation confirmation codes! VAM& distributes them to
the computers that re=uested activation Decause VAM& also stores these
confirmation codes locall)! it can reactivate a previousl) activated computer after it
is reimaged (ithout contacting Microsoft Additionall)! VAM& can be used to easil)
transition computers bet(een MA> and >M" activation methods
#o(nload the .indo(s Automated +nstallation >it *A+>, for .indo(s / 1C*http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dHB;9/;, from the Microsoft #o(nloadCenter
&A) Arc+itecture
MA> +ndependent activation installs a MA> product e) on a client computer &he
e) instructs that computer to activate (ith Microsoft servers over the +nternet +n
MA> Pro3) activation! VAM& installs a MA> product e) on a client computer!
obtains the installation +# *++#, from the target computer! sends the ++# to
Microsoft on behalf of the client! and obtains a confirmation +# *C+#, &he tool then
activates the client b) installing the C+#
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$valuate Client Connectivit*
7ach Volume Activation method is best suited to a particular net(or configuration
&o select the best activation method or methods for the organi-ation! assess the
net(or environment to identif) ho( different groups of computers connect to the
net(or Connectivit) to the corporate net(or! +nternet access! and the number of
computers that regularl) connect to the corporate net(or are some of the
important configuration characteristics to identif) Most medium6 to large6si-ed
organi-ations use a combination of activation methods because of the varied (a)s
their client computers connect to the net(ors
>M" is the recommended activation method for computers that are (ell connected
to the organi-ationIs core net(or or that have periodic connectivit)! such as
computers that are offsite MA> is the recommended activation method for
computers that are offsite (ith limited connectivit) or that cannot connect to the
core net(or because of securit) restrictions &hese include computers in lab and
development environments that are isolated from the core net(or
&able lists common net(or configurations and the best practice
recommendations for each configuration 7ach solution factors in the number
computers and net(or connectivit) of the activation clients
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4able Planning Considerations b* etwor/ In'rastructure
etwor/In'rastructure
Recommendations Considerations
Core networ/
.ell6connectedlocal area
net(or *LA$,
Most commonscenario
+f total computers R >M"activation threshold:
• "mall *S00 machines,:>M" host H
• Medium *R00machines,: >M" host K
• 7nterprise: >M" host R
+f total computers T >M"activation threshold:
•
MA> *b) telephone or+nternet,
• MA> Pro3)
• Minimi-e the number of
>M" hosts• 7ach >M" host must
consistentl) maintain a
count of total machines R
>M" activation threshold
• >M" hosts are
autonomous
• >M" host is activated b)
telephone or +nternet
Isolatednetwor/
Dranch office!high6securit)
net(orsegments!perimeternet(ors
.ell6connected-oned LA$
+f ports on fire(alls can beopened bet(een >M"clients and hosts:
• 4se >M" hosts in corenet(or
+f polic) prevents fire(allmodification:
• 4se local >M" hosts inan isolated net(or
• MA> *b) telephone or+nternet,
• MA> Pro3)
• Gire(all configuration
o 1PC over &CP *&CP
port ;,
o +nitiated b) the client
• Change management on
fire(all rule sets
4est ordevelo#ment
lab
+solated net(or
+f total computers R >M"activation threshold:
• >M" host H *per
isolated net(or,
+f total computers T >M"activation threshold:
• $o activation *reset
grace period,
• MA> *b) telephone,
• MA> Pro3) performed
manuall)
• Variable configuration
• Limited number of
computers
• >M" host and MA>
activation through
telephone MA> Pro3)performed manuall)
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etwor/In'rastructure
Recommendations Considerations
Individualdisconnected
com#uter
$o connectivit)to the +nternetor core net(or
1oamingcomputers that
periodicall)connect to the
core net(or orconnect througha virtual privatenet(or *VP$,
1oaming
computers (ith+nternet accessbut no
connection tothe corenet(or
Gor clients that connectperiodicall) to the corenet(or:
• 4se the >M" hosts in
the core net(or
Gor clients that neverconnect to the corenet(or or have no+nternet access:
• MA> *b) telephone,
Gor net(ors that cannotconnect to the core
net(or:• +f total computers R
>M" activation
threshold:
o "mall: >M" host H
o Medium: >M" host K
o 7nterprise: >M" host
R
• +f total computers T
>M" activationthreshold! MA>
+ndependent or MA>Pro3) performed
manuall)
Gor clients that neverconnect to the corenet(or but have +nternetaccess:
• MA> *b) +nternet,
• 1estricted environments
or net(ors that cannot
connect to other
net(ors
• >M" host can be
activated! moved to
disconnected net(or
• >M" host and MA>
activation b) telephone
MA> Pro3) performed
manuall)
&he follo(ing sections describe e3amples of Volume Activation solutions in
heterogeneous corporate environments that re=uire more than one activation
method 7ach scenario has a recommended activation solution! but some
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environments ma) have infrastructure or polic) re=uirements that are best suited to
a different solution
Core etwor/
A centrali-ed >M" solution is recommended for computers on the core net(or
&his solution is for net(ors that have (ell6connected computers on multiple
net(or segments that also have a connection to the +nternet Gigure 2 sho(s a
core net(or (ith a >M" host
1igure 2 Core networ/ scenario
ote A >M" host can be installed on a virtual machine! but select a virtual machine that is unliel)
to be moved to a different host computer +f the virtual >M" host is moved to a different host
computer! the operating s)stem detects the change in the underl)ing hard(are! and the >M" host
must reactivate (ith Microsoft >M" hosts can activate (ith Microsoft up to nine times
Isolated etwor/s
Man) organi-ations have net(ors that are separated into multiple securit) -ones
"ome net(ors have a high6securit) -one that is isolated because it has sensitive
information! (hile other net(ors are separated from the core net(or because
the) are in a different ph)sical location *such as branch office locations,
2B
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.ig+5Securit* 6one
)igh-security ones are net(or segments that are separated b) a fire(all that
limits communication to and from other net(ors segments +f the computers in a
high6securit) -one are allo(ed access to the core net(or b) allo(ing &CP
port ; outbound from the high6securit) -one and an 1PC repl) inbound! activate
computers in the high6securit) -one b) using >M" hosts located in the core
net(or &his (a)! the number of client computers in the high6securit) net(or
does not have to meet an) >M" activation threshold
+f these fire(all e3ceptions are not authori-ed and the number of total computers in
the high6securit) -one is sufficient to meet >M" activation thresholds! add a local
>M" host to the high6securit) -one &hen! activate the >M" host in the high6
securit) -one b) telephone
Gigure B sho(s an environment that has a corporate securit) polic) that does not
allo( traffic bet(een computers in the high6securit) -one and the core net(or
Decause the high6securit) -one has enough computers to meet the >M" activation
threshold! the high6securit) -one has its o(n local >M" host &he >M" host itself is
activated b) telephone
2F
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1igure .ig+5securit* networ/ scenario
+f >M" is not appropriate because there are onl) a fe( computers in the high6
securit) -one! MA> +ndependent activation is recommended 7ach computer can be
activated independentl) (ith Microsoft b) telephone
MA> Pro3) activation b) using VAM& is also possible in this scenario Decause thecomputers in the high6securit) -one do not have +nternet access! VAM& can
discover them b) using A# #"! computer name! +P address! or membership in a
(orgroup VAM& uses .indo(s Management +nstrumentation *.M+, to install MA>
product e)s and C+#s and to retrieve status on MA> clients Decause this traffic is
not allo(ed through the fire(all! there must be a local VAM& host in the high6
securit) -one
ranc+ "''ice !ocationsGigure F sho(s an enterprise net(or that supports client computers in three
branch offices "ite A uses a local >M" host! because it has more than 2 client
computers! and it does not have secure &CPE+P connectivit) to the core net(or
"ite D uses MA> activation! because >M" does not support sites (ith fe(er than 2
>M" client computers! and the site is not connected b) a secure lin to the core
2
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net(or "ite C uses >M"! because it is connected to the core net(or b) a secure
connection over a private (ide area net(or *.A$,! and activation thresholds are
met b) using core net(or >M" clients
1igure 9 ranc+ o''ice scenario
isconnected Individual Com#uters
"ome users in an organi-ation ma) be in remote locations or ma) travel to man)
locations &his scenario is common for roaming clients! such as the computers of
salespeople or other users (ho are offsite but not at branch locations &his scenario
can also appl) to remote branch office locations that have no connection or an
intermittent connection to the core net(or
#isconnected computers can use >M" or MA> depending on ho( often the
computers connect to the core net(or 4se >M" activation for computers that
connect to the core net(or'directl) or through a VP$'at least once ever) 0
da)s and (here the core net(or is using >M" activation 4se MA> +ndependent
activation'b) telephone or the +nternet'for computers that rarel) or never
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connect to the core net(or Gigure sho(s disconnected clients that are using
MA> +ndependent activation through the +nternet and the telephone
1igure : isconnected com#uters scenario
4est and evelo#ment !abs
Lab environments usuall) have large numbers of virtual machines! and computers
in labs are reconfigured fre=uentl) #etermine (hether the computers in test and
development labs need activation &he initial B06da) grace period of a computerthat is running .indo(s / or .indo(s "erver 200 12 can be reset three times
(ithout activating it &herefore! if )ou are rebuilding lab computers (ithin
20 da)s! these computers need not be activated
+f lab computers do re=uire activation! use >M" or MA> activation 4se >M"
activation if the computers have connectivit) to a core net(or that is using >M" +f
the number of computers in the lab meets the >M" activation threshold! deplo) a
local >M" host
+n labs that have a high turnover of computers as (ell as a small number of >M"
clients! it is important to monitor the >M" activation count to maintain a sufficient
number of cached CM+#s on the >M" host A >M" host caches activation re=uests
from computers for B0 da)s *"ee the section Minimum Computer 1e=uirementsQ
earlier in this guide for more information about ho( CM+#s affect activations, +f
2/
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the lab environment needs activation but does not =ualif) for >M" activation! use
MA> activation MA> clients are activated b) telephone or over the +nternet!
(hichever is available to the lab
MA> Pro3) activation (ith VAM& can also be used in this scenario +nstall VAM& inthe isolated lab net(or and also in a net(or that has access to the +nternet +n
the isolated lab! VAM& performs discover)! obtains status! installs a MA> product
e)! and obtains the ++# of each computer in the lab &his information can then be
e3ported from VAM&! saved to removable media! and then the file can be imported
to a computer that is running VAM& and has access to the +nternet VAM& sends the
++#s to Microsoft and obtains the corresponding C+#s that are needed to complete
activation After e3porting this data to removable media! tae it to the isolated lab
to import the C+#s so that VAM& can complete the activations
ote +n igh "ecurit) mode! VAM& removes all personall) identifiable information *P++, from the file
that it e3ports &his file is a readable 73tensible Marup Language *UML, file that can be revie(ed in
an) UML or te3t editor
2
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&a# Com#uters to an Activation &et+od
After evaluating the recommended activation scenarios! the ne3t step is using
Volume Activation to map computers to activation methods &he goal is to ensure
that all computers are associated (ith an activation option &able 2 provides a
simple 5ob aid that ensures that all computers are mapped to an activation method
.hen completing this 5ob aid! ensure that all computers using >M" are on net(ors
that meet >M" activation thresholds
4able 23 Activation &et+od Wor/s+eet
Criterion Activationmet+od
umber o'com#uters
&otal number of computers to be activated
$umber of computers that (ill connect to thenet(or at least once ever) 0 da)s *directl)or b) VP$, and (here the >M" activationthreshold is met
>M"
$umber of computers that do not connect tonet(or at least once ever) 0 da)s
MA>
$umber of computers in isolated net(ors(here the >M" activation threshold is met
>M"
$umber of computers in isolated net(ors
(here the >M" activation threshold is not met
MA>
$umber of computers in testEdevelopmentlabs that (ill not be activated
$one
1emaining computer count should be -ero
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etermine Product )e* eeds
&he .indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 operating s)stems come in a variet)
of editions &o simplif) Volume Activation and the number of product e)s that an
organi-ation needs! Microsoft created product key groups Product e)s for >M"
and MA> appl) to product groups rather than individual editions ho(ever! >M" and
MA> use product e) groups differentl):
• MA> activation uses product e) groups as individual groupings Product e)s
for MA> activations are directl) associated (ith a single product group and can
onl) activate the .indo(s editions (ithin that specific product group
• .ith >M"! product e)s (or hierarchicall) (ith the product groups Product
e)s for >M" activations are associated (ith a product group and can activate
the editions (ithin that specific product group! as (ell as other editions belo( in
the product hierarch)
&he product groups for .indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 are sho(n in
&able B
4able 3 Product Grou#ings
Volume!icense#roduct /e*grou#
Windows "#erating S*stem $dition
Client VL • .indo(s / Professional
• .indo(s / 7nterprise
"erver @roup A • .indo(s "erver 200 12 PC 7dition
• .indo(s .eb "erver 200 12
"erver @roup D • .indo(s "erver 200 12 "tandard
• .indo(s "erver 200 12 7nterprise
"erver @roup C • .indo(s "erver 200 12 #atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200 12 for +tanium6Dased ")stems
B0
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C+oosing t+e &A) #roduct /e* grou#
Decause MA> a product e) group is associated (ith a single product group and can
onl) activate the editions (ithin that specific product group! choose the MA> e)
from the group that matches the .indo(s edition to be installed Gor e3ample! if
)ou are installing .indo(s / 7nterprise! install the Client VL MA> e) in the image
or directl) on the target s)stems
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C+oosing t+e )&S )e*
.ith >M"! product e)s are associated (ith a product group and can activate the
.indo(s editions (ithin that specific product group as (ell as an) editions belo( it
in the product hierarch) &he first and least6inclusive group of the hierarch) is the
Client Volume Licensing product group "erver @roup C is the most inclusive group
in the >M" hierarch)
&his hierarch) e3tends to .indo(s Vista and .indo(s "erver 200 Volume License
editions and product e) groupings "eparate >M" e)s (ill be issued for each
product e) grouping! meaning that a customer (ill have access to a >M" e) for
Client VL for both .indo(s / and .indo(s Vista &he >M" e) for the ne(er
.indo(s products (ill also activate the previous generation! meaning that a
customer can have a single >M" e) to activate multiple editions and generations of
.indo(s &able F sho(s the correlation bet(een the product groupings
4able 93 Product Grou# Correlation
Volume !icense#roduct /e*grou#
Windows edition
;Windows 7 and WindowsServer 2008 R2<
Windows edition
;Windows Vista andWindows Server 2008<
Client VL • .indo(s / Professional
• .indo(s / 7nterprise
• .indo(s Vista Dusiness
• .indo(s Vista
7nterprise
"erver @roup A • .indo(s .eb
"erver 200 12
• .indo(s "erver 200 12
PC 7dition
• .indo(s PC
"erver 200 12
• .indo(s .eb
"erver 200
• .indo(s Compute
Cluster "erver 200
B2
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Volume !icense#roduct /e*grou#
Windows edition
;Windows 7 and WindowsServer 2008 R2<
Windows edition
;Windows Vista andWindows Server 2008<
"erver @roup D • .indo(s "erver 200 12
"tandard
• .indo(s "erver 200 12
7nterprise
• .indo(s "erver 200
"tandard
• .indo(s "erver 200
7nterprise
• +ncludes editions
(ithout
)per6V
"erver @roup C • .indo(s "erver 200 12
#atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200 12
for +tanium6based ")stems
• .indo(s "erver 200
#atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200
for +tanium6Dased
")stems
• +ncludes editions
(ithout
)per6V
BB
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C+oosing t+e )&S .ost
As previousl) mentioned in this guide! >M" can be hosted on a client or server
operating s)stem on a ph)sical computer or a virtual machine .hen choosing the
>M" host s)stem! consider the operating s)stem editions that (ill be activated (ith
>M" A >M" that is hosted on .indo(s / can onl) activate client operating
s)stems! but a >M" that is hosted on .indo(s "erver 200 12 can activate both
client and server computers "ee &able for an e3planation of this hierarch)
4able : )&S .ierarc+*
Product )e*grou#
)&S can be +osted on ;)&S/e* activates )&S +ost<
Windows #roducteditions activated b*t+is )&S +ost
Client VL for.indo(s /
• .indo(s Vista
• .indo(s /
• >M" for .indo(s "erver 200B
v2
• .indo(s / Professional
• .indo(s / 7nterprise
• .indo(s Vista Dusiness
• .indo(s Vista
7nterprise
"erver @roup Afor .indo(s"erver 200 12
• >M" for .indo(s "erver 200B
v2
• .indo(s .eb "erver 200
• .indo(s .eb "erver 200 12
• .indo(s PC "erver 200
• .indo(s PC "erver 200 12
+ncludes previous plus:
• .indo(s .eb
"erver 200 12• .indo(s .eb
"erver 200
• .indo(s PC
"erver 200 12
• .indo(s PC
"erver 200
"erver @roup Dfor .indo(s"erver 200 12
+ncludes previous plus:
• .indo(s "erver 200 12
"tandard
• .indo(s "erver 200 127nterprise
• .indo(s "erver 200
"tandard
• .indo(s "erver 200
7nterprise
+ncludes previous plus:
• .indo(s
"erver 200 12 "tandard
• .indo(s"erver 200 12
7nterprise
• .indo(s "erver 200
"tandard
• .indo(s "erver 200
7nterprise
BF
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Product )e*grou#
)&S can be +osted on ;)&S/e* activates )&S +ost<
Windows #roducteditions activated b*t+is )&S +ost
"erver @roup C +ncludes previous plus:
• .indo(s "erver 200 12
#atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200
#atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200 for
+tanium6Dased ")stems
+ncludes previous plus:
• .indo(s
"erver 200 12
#atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200
#atacenter
• .indo(s "erver 200
for +tanium6Dased
")stems
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etermine &onitoring and Re#orting eeds
<rgani-ations that use Volume Activation need to trac product e) usage and the
license conditions of activated computers Customers can vie( their >M" e)
information and the number of activations that remain on a MA> e) on the Volume
Licensing "ervice Center at http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+dH0/FF
Additionall)! several tools are available to help Volume Licensing customers manage
activations and product e) usage &he follo(ing sections describe the available
tools and ho( each tool helps Volume Licensing customers:
Windows &anagement Instrumentation
#ata gathered during activation is accessible b) using .M+ +n fact! several of the
tools available use .M+ to access Volume Activation data "ee the Volume
Activation &echnical 1eference @uide for a list all of .M+ methods! properties!
registr) e)s! and event +#s for Volume Activation
S*stem Center Con'iguration &anager
Customers can use Microsoft ")stems Management "erver *"M", 200B (ith "PB or
Microsoft ")stem Center Configuration Manager 200/ to monitor the license
conditions of their organi-ationIs computers Gor a detailed description of the
available license conditions! see Appendi3 D: Licensing Conditions later in this
guide
")stems Management "erver (ith "PB and ")stem Center Configuration Manager
use built6in Asset +ntelligence reporting and .M+ to generate detailed activation
reports for computers that are running .indo(s / or .indo(s "erver 200 12 &his
information can also serve as the starting point for an organi-ation to trac and
report soft(are asset management from a licensing perspective Additionall)!
")stem Center <perations Manager 200/ can be used to monitor the heath and
heartbeat for the >e) Management "ervice
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$vent !ogs
&he >M" service records ever) action in the application logs of >M" clients and
hosts A >M" client records activation re=uests! rene(als! and responses in the
>M" clientIs local application log using .indo(s "ecurit) Licensing *"LC, event
+#s 22 and 229 &he >M" host logs a separate entr) for each re=uest it
receives from a >M" client as "LC event +# 2290 &hese entries are saved to the
>e) Management "ervice log in the Applications and "ervices Logs folder 7ach >M"
host eeps an individual log of activations &here is no replication of logs bet(een
>M" hosts! although log for(arding can be used to replicate logs from multiple >M"
hosts to a center location for monitoring Gor more information about >M" events!
see the Volume Activation !echnical #e&erence Guide
)&S &anagement Pac/
>M" event logs can be archived and revie(ed manuall) <r (ith Microsoft ")stem
Center <perations Manager 200/! +& pros can use the .indo(s >e) Management
"ervice Management Pac for ")stem Center <perations Manager &he >M"
Management Pac can monitor the health and heartbeat of the >M" service &o
do(nload this Management Pac and guidance! see the S*stem Center Pac/
Catalog at http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+#H0BB2
Volume Activation &anagement 4ool
<rgani-ations can use VAM& to manage >M" and MA> activations on their
net(ors Additionall)! the) can use it to monitor the number of MA> activations
remaining +t reports on the license condition of all computers that are using
Volume Activation! and it tracs the MA> activation count
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A##endi- A( In'ormation Sent to &icroso't
Microsoft uses the information collected during activation to confirm that the cop)
of the soft(are is licensed &he information is then aggregated for statistical
anal)sis Microsoft does not use the information to identif) or contact the
organi-ation Gor more information about the information that is captured during
activation and the use of that data b) Microsoft! see
http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?Lin+#H22;http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?
Lin+dH22;
#uring MA> activation and >M" host activation! the follo(ing information is sent to
Microsoft:
• Product e)
• <perating s)stem edition and the channel from (hich it (as obtained
• Current date
• License and activation condition
• ard(are +# hash! (hich is a non6uni=ue number that cannot be reverse6
engineered
• Language settings
• +P address! (hich is used onl) for verif)ing the location of the re=uest
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A##endi- ( !icensing Conditions
&he soft(are licensing architecture governs the licensing condition of computers
that are running .indo(s operating s)stems &his architecture has a polic) engine
built from a number of core .indo(s securit) technologies +t is designed to protect
the code and the associated licensing condition from tampering or other malicious
behavior
&he polic) engine gets data from a set of cr)ptographicall) signed eUtensible rights
Marup Language *UrML, license files UrML is an industr)6standard rights
e3pression language that a number of .indo(s components use License files
define the rights and conditions of the installed edition of .indo(s All licensing
files and other data that the polic) engine uses are digitall) signed or encr)pted b)
using e)s that are chained to secure roots of trust (ith Microsoft
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.indo(s / and .indo(s "erver 200 12 ma) be in one of four soft(are licensing
conditions: activated, grace, genuine, or noti&ications. &he follo(ing sections
describe these conditions! (hich reflect the status of the computerIs activation and
genuine state! (hich dictates the user e3perience Gigure ; illustrates these
conditions
1igure = !icense states
Activated
.hen a computer is activated! users can access the full functionalit) of the
operating s)stem A combination of licensing files and a set of policies *rights,
granted as a result of the activation process defines the functionalit) for a .indo(s
edition +ndividual .indo(s components call soft(are licensing application
programming interfaces *AP+s, to determine (hich rights are granted and ad5ust
their functionalit) according to the response
Grace
After installing a .indo(s / or .indo(s "erver 200 12 operating s)stem but
before activating it! users can access the full functionalit) of the operating s)stem
for a limited time *the grace period , &he length of a grace period is B0 da)s for
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either the client or server operating s)stem #uring this initial grace period! the
operating s)stem periodicall) notifies the user that the computer needs to be
activated Additionall)! .indo(s can fall in to out6of6tolerance grace (hen the
hard(are changes significantl) &he notifications are minimall) intrusive and ma)
not start at the beginning of the grace period! but the) increase in fre=uenc)
to(ard the end of the grace period
Genuine
&he genuine state is not associated (ith the activation process +nstead! it is a
condition determined b) the online genuine validation service .hen a user
attempts to do(nload or use a genuine6onl) feature! the online validation service
checs the operating s)stem of the re=uesting computer
An operating s)stem can have one of three genuine states:
• on5genuine &he computer has obtained a ticet from the online validation
service indicating that it is not genuine
• !ocal genuine &he computer has not obtained a validation ticet
• Genuine &he computer has a ticet that is signed b) Microsoft from the online
validation service indicating that it is genuine
&he genuine license condition applies onl) to client versions of the .indo(s
operating s)stem +nitiall)! during the grace period! a computer running these
.indo(s versions is al(a)s in a local genuine condition A computer is never
mared non6genuine until after it fails validation through the online validation
service and receives a non6genuine ticet Lie(ise! after a computer has a non6
genuine status! it must successfull) validate itself through the online validation
service to receive a genuine ticet
Although it is necessar) for a computer to be activated to be considered genuine!
the process of activation does not reset or clear a previous non6genuine status As
a result! to return a computer to a full) functional activated condition! it must be
both activated and validated against the online validation service Gor more
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information! see Genuine &icroso't So'tware http:EEgomicrosoftcomEf(linE?
Lin+dH99B on the Microsoft .eb site
oti'ications
&he purpose of the notifications6based e3perience is to differentiate bet(een a
genuine and activated cop) of a .indo(s operating s)stem and one that is genuine
or activated in a (a) that maintains computer functionalit)! such as logon! access
to the familiar destop! and so on 1educed Gunctionalit) Mode *1GM, is not in
.indo(s / or .indo(s "erver 200 12 +nstead! both operating s)stems have a
notifications6based e3perience &his ne( notifications user e3perience means that
computers that are not activated during their grace periods *initial activations and
those that result from hard(are changes, or that fail validation ma) provide the
follo(ing user e3perience:
• After logging on to the computer! users see a dialog bo3 reminding them that
.indo(s must be activated along (ith options to activate no( or later +f users
do not interact (ith this dialog bo3 (ithin t(o minutes! the logon process
continues normall)
• +n the notifications state! .indo(s changes the destop (allpaper to a solid
blac bacground! displa)s notifications in the notification area indicating the
activation state! and displa)s dialog bo3es sho(ing actions that the user must
tae
• +n the notifications state! users have access to the full functionalit) of the
installed version of .indo(s! (ith the follo(ing features disabled:
• A computer configured as a >M" host responds to >M" client re=uests (ith
an error message that >M" has not been activated
• .indo(s 4pdate do(nloads securit) and critical updates *optional updates
are e3cluded,
• <ptional do(nloads re=uiring the online validation service'also referred to
as genuine-gated do(nloads'are not available