VOL-XXIV ISSUE NO. 3 HUAN ENKAWLTU OCTOBER ......awm \hin a ni. A tawp berah chuan, hnathawh hi kan taksa tan hian a \ha a, Pathian min siam danah hian hnate thawk a, thlan tla bawrh

$Page 1: VOL-XXIV ISSUE NO. 3 HUAN ENKAWLTU OCTOBER ......awm \hin a ni. A tawp berah chuan, hnathawh hi kan taksa tan hian a \ha a, Pathian min siam danah hian hnate thawk a, thlan tla bawrh$

VOL-XXIV ISSUE NO. 3 HUAN ENKAWLTU OCTOBER – DECEMBER, 2014

– 2 –

Pathian khawngaihna azarah hun inher zelin kum 2014 ‘Bar’ thla

chu min lo thlenpui ta reng mai! A hmasa berin he magazine chhiartute leh

Zoram dung tluana huan enkawla eizawngte zawng zawng chibai ka buk a

che u. Mizoramah chuan hehun hi boruak nawmlai ber leh hun hlimawm ber,

Lonitute leh Huan neitute tan kan thlai thar seng hun a ni \hin.

Kan chenna khawvel sik leh sa lo danglam zel leh khawvel lo lum ta

(sap\awngin - Global Warming) in a nghawng sik leh sa leh ruahtui tlak dan

lo danglam ta zel te hi in lo chhinchhiah ve em aw! Tun hnai kum 2-3 lek

a\ang khan May leh June a ruahtui kan dawn \hin ang kha kan dawng ta lo

va, September leh October thlate chu furpui emaw tih mai a awl ta. Kan

khawvel sik leh sa lo danglam ta hian Loneitute leh Huan neitute ah nghawng

nasa tak a \ha zawng leh \ha lo zawngin a thlen zel dawn niin a lang. Entirnan

- Sihphir leh Lungdai velah Iskut chingtute chuan Iskut an thar tlai phahin,

an thar tur ang zat an thar loh phah niin tarlan a ni. Chutiang zelin thei leh

thlai chingtute tan harsatna tam tak a thleng mek niin a lang. Heng sik leh sa

lo danglam zel hi kan dan theih a ni lo va,engtin nge kan lo hmachhawn ang

tih hi kan ngaihtuah tlan a ngai ta a ni. Scientist te leh mithiamte pawhin

hekhawvel lo lum zel avanga harsatna lo thleng te hmachhawn turin an zir

mup mup reng a, an kaihhruaina ilo ngaichang zel ang u.

Engpawh nise, kut hnathawka eizawngte (Huan enkawltute) zawng

zawng ka chah duh che u chu – ‘Kan hmazawn \heuhah theihtawp chhuahin

i bei zel ang u’. Hmasawnna tur tam tak kan la nei a ni tih hria in, khawvel

ram changkang zawk Israel leh Japan ramtea an thiamnate chawlut a, hma

la ve turin kan rilru inhawng ila, kan tihdan \hinah innghat mai lovin, tihdan

\ha zawk, hlawk zawk a awm a ni tih ringin, Horticulture a mithiamte thurawn

lo ngaichang zel turin ka chah che u a ni e. Kan ram, Pathian min pek hi uluk

taka enkawl turin hnamdang ni lovin Mizote ngei hi Pathianin min dah a ni.

(LALLIANKIMA)

Associate Editor

Editorial


– 4 –

Editor : Pu R. Zotawna,

Director of Horticulture

Associate Editor : Dr. Elizabeth Saipari,

Joint Director of Horticulture (F)

Pu Lalliankima,

Joint Director of Horticulture (V)

Jt. Editor : Pu Vanlalnuntluanga Renthlei,

Deputy Director of Horticulture

Contributing Editors : All Divisional Horticulture Officers

Circulation Manager : Pu Chawngkhuma,

Horticulture Extension Officer (E&T)

II. TRANSFER / NEW RECRUIT

Sl.

No.Name of Office r

Pre se nt Place of

Pos ting

Ne w Place of

Pos ting

1 Vanlalremruati Hnamte DHO Office, Lawngtlai HEO (Hq), DHO Office,

Lunglei

2 J.H. Zosiamliana DHO Office, Lunglei Circle Horticulture

Officer, Haulawng Circle

under Lunglei Division

3 Carmelita Lalchhanhimi, HEO

d/o Lalramzauva,

Lunglei Bazar II

New Recruit Circle Horticulture

Officer, Hnahthial Circle

under SDHO, Hnahthial,

Lunglei Division

4 F. Lalrinpuii, HEO

d/o F. Kapmawia, Ramthar

Veng Near Presbyterian Church,

Aizawl

New Recruit Circle Horticulture

Officer, Mamit Circle

under SDHO, Mamit,

Tuidam Division

5 R. Lalmuanpuia, HEO

s/o Lalchhandama, Armed Veng

South, Aizawl

New Recruit HEO (Hq) DHO Office,

Lawngtlai


– 6 –

HLAWK ZAWKA PURUN SEN CHIN DAN

India rama Himalaya hmar thlang lamah khian purun sen hi sum chang thlai

pawimawh tak pakhat a ni a. Helai hmun sik leh sa hi a ngeih em avangin tlangram

lonei miten purun sen hi 250-400 qtl/ha an thar thei hial a ni. Tunah hian purun sen

hi 160 qt/ha chauh thar chhuah a ni tlangpui a. Amaherawhchu, heng hmunahte hian

scientific method hmangin purun sen quality \ha chin a nih chuan nasa takin a thar

hlawk phah ang a, loneituten tun aia nasa zawkin an hlawk phah dawn a ni.

A chi \ha te (Approved Varieties)

1. V.L. Pyaaj: Purun bial deuh, a len zawng pawh a laihawl (middle size) niin

rawng sendal deuh a ni. Pum khat 80-120q a rit leh 5cm a hlai (diametre) a ni.

Tlangram hmun sang lutuk si lova chin a nih chuan purun chu ni 160-170 chhungin

a chawh theih. Hemi variety bakah hian variety dang - Pusa Red, Arka Niketan leh

Pusa Ratnar te pawh purun dang aiin 24-45% a tam an thar chhuak thei a ni. Heng

variety te hian a hnah natna purple blotch tawrh theihna a nei a; tin, dah\hat (stor-

age) laiin a chawr a awm mang lo.

2. Pusa Red: Hetiang purun sen hi a laihawl (middle size) a ni a, a bialin a sen

tak \ha hle bawk. Tualchhung purun (local) kan hmuh theih rawng sen ang chi ai hian

a rim a na lo zawk a ni. Normal temperature ah dah\hat theih a ni a, chin a\anga ni

160-180 velah a chawh theih a ni.

3. Pusa Ratnar: He purun hi a sen tak a, a rim a na a, ni 160-180 ah a thar

hmang.

Leilung buatsaih dan

Purun sen thar tam tur leh pian \ha leh hrisel \ha tak thar tur chuan lei \ha,

thawleng, tui luan ral zung zung theihna emaw balu ang chi-ah a \ha ber a. Lei chu

uluk taka leh hnuah vuak dip leh tur a ni. Tichuan a remchan dan ang zelin rualrem

takin nursery te reuh te te siam tur a ni. Purun hi tui tlin theihna hmunah chuan an

\awih sam em avangin tui luanral zung zung theih a siam ngei ngei tur a ni.


– 8 –

Hnim \o tur ven

Thlai hmu a hnimte chu a khat tawka thlawh fai reng tura ni a, hnim \o awm

hman lo tura enkawl a pawimawh hle.

Thlawhfai hmasak ber - phun a\anga ni 25-30 hnuah

Thlawhfai vawihnihna - phun a\anga ni 45-50 hnuah

Thlawhfai vawithumna - phun a\anga ni 60 hnuah

Hnim hlo Alachlor 2.0kg/Pendimethalin 2.5litre chu tui litre 600-800/ha a

pawlhin phun a\anga ni khatah kah tur a ni.

Natna venhim dan

Purun sen hi natna tam takin a tichhe \hin a. Amaherawhchu tlangramah chuan

natna tichhe theitu hi a tlem zawk a, chungte chu:

1. Damping off: Nursery-a thlai te tan tam natna hlauhawm tak a ni a, a venna

turin a chi chu captan/Thiram @ 2.5gm hmangin emaw Trichoderma 10gm leh a

chi 1kg chawhpawlh tur a ni. Natna a lo lan chuan heng damdawi zinga a eng ber

emaw hmang hian nursery chu kah tur a ni.

2. Purple blotch: he natna hi purun sen hnahah te, a kungah te leh rhizome ah

te a lang chhuak a, natnain a beih lai chuan val (spot) a lo awm a, spot lai tak chu

bawkbawk rawng ang a ni \hin. Natna in a tihbuai nasat chuan a chi a insiam thei lo

va, a hnah te pawh a khawr a, a kung a tliak a, a thi mai \hin a ni. A hnah ro ah chuan

spot var te reuh te te leh eng dal deuh te a awm \hin a, a darh zau hnu chuan uk tak

deuh emaw a dum ah emaw a lo chang \hin a ni.

Enkawl dan

A venna atan Trichoderma 10gm/Thiram 2.5gm leh a chi 1kg zela

chawhpawlh chauh kui tur a ni. Tin, a thlai dinglaiah chuan Mancozeb emaw Copper

Ocxychloride (coc) 2.25% ni 10-15 inkarah kah tur a ni. A damdawi chawhpawlhah

chuan sticker hman ngei bawk tur a ni.

A ven dan

1. Variety \henkhat heng Rogrodhi, Sehenshil, VL Pyaaj-3, Patna red te an do

theih avangin chin a \ha.

2. Mancozeb/Zineb @2.5g/lt in a \ul dan ang zelin kah \hin tur a ni.


– 10 –

HUAN THLAI ENKAWL DAN CHUNGCHANG

– F. Zorinsangi

ADHO, Lunglei Division

Leilung buatsaih

A hmasa bera kan tihtur chu a leilung buatsaih hi a ni. Hmun awih a nih chuan

terrace te deuh hlek pawhin laih nise, terrace laih hian a chung hâng lei\ha paih

lovin amahah khan dah a, a leivung paih liam mai lovin a terrace-ah khan dah zel tur

a ni. Chumi awmzia chu kan terrace laihna turah khan a lung awm ang angte dah

hmasain leivung thlang lama paih lo thei ang berin laih tur a ni. Inbul huante a nih

chuan polythene paih fai hmasak vek bawk tur a ni. Thirtiangin emaw kan thil chinna

tur chu thuk deuhvin chhun phut vek ila, chumi pah chuan polythene leh lungte

chhar fai vek hnuah lei\ha kan neih ang angte dah a, cheh phut hnan tur a ni. Bawngek/

Vawkek/Arek lei\ha kan hmang a nih chuan dah \awih hmasak vek tur a ni. Khur laih

a dah \awih hmasak a \ha. Lei\ha kan dah zawhah kan theih chuan kan huan thil

chinna tur lei chu tih thianghlim (sterilize) a \ha a, chumi atan chuan Bavistin 2.5gm

tui litre 1 zela pawlhin a lei chu kah chhuah leh vek tur a ni. Polythene-in khua ni 3

hnuah hawn a, a lei chu cheh phut leh a, tui phuh huh hnuah a ni 3-na velah thlai kan

duh ang chu kan ching thei tawh ang.

Thlai chin turte

Thlaite hi nipuia chin chi leh thlasika chin chite an awm ve a, a lar zual

\henkhat chauh lo thlir ta ila:

Nipui – February, March, April a chin chite an ni a, chungte chu - Bawkbawn,

Changkha, Bawrhsaiabe, Sam\awk, Hmarcha, Capsicum, Fanghma, Mai, Berul, Bean,

Behlawi, Bepui etc.

Thlasik – September, October a chin chite an ni a, chungte chu - Tomato,

An\am, Broccoli, Zikhlum, Parbawr, Knolkhol, Carrot, Bean, Purun sen etc.

Heng bakah hian Mizo chuan Anthur, Lengser, Pardi, Bahkhawr, Sam\awk

etc. velte hi tlem te te a kan mamawh an ni a, inbula kan chin tel ve hi a \angkai hle

bawk a ni.


– 12 –

chinna hmunah khan a ngai char char kan chin chuan anmahni bawmtu bik rannungte

leh natna chi reng rengte kha leiah khan an lo awm nghet tawh lutuk a, anmahni

chhungkaw ngai hlir a hmun ngaia kan chin chuan an hrisel thei lo a ni. Chuvang

chuan Tomato kan chin zawhah Bean te han ching leh ila, chumi zawha Broccoli te

ching leh ila a \ha duh bik a ni.

In bulah thlaite kan ching a nih chuan thil pawimawh leh tak pakhat chu kan

chawhmeh leh thlai kan paihte reng reng hi huanah chuan a hmun bik siamin paih

zel nise, hei hi a lo \awih hnuah lei\ha insiamin kan huan lei chu a lo \ha tulh tulh

dawn a ni. Polythene leh thildang \awih thei lo ho chu bawlhhlawh bawm a kan

paih loh pawhin halral zel ila, chutilo chuan kan thil chin khan zung a lo chhuah

sei deuh khan a lo dal (block) \hin a, zung kaih \ha thei lovin a len viau tawh hnuah

a thi leh tup \hin a, a thih em loh pawhin \hang \ha thei lovin chawrche deuhin a

awm \hin a ni.

A tawp berah chuan, hnathawh hi kan taksa tan hian a \ha a, Pathian min siam

danah hian hnate thawk a, thlan tla bawrh bawrha thawk tur kan niin a lang hrim hrim

a ni. Kan eizawnna chu thil dang daih pawh lo ni se, kan hun awl hmanna atan pawh

thil \ha tak a ni. Chuvang chuan hrisel leh nun hlim i duh chuan huan siam rawh. Tin,

huan i siam chuan ti mai mai lovin uluk takin hlawk ngei turin ti bawk la, in chhungkaw

sum hman nasa takin a \anpui bakah thlan tlaa kut hna i thawh tel chuan i hrisel

phahin i taksa, ruh leh tha atan pawh a \ha a ni. Hei bakah hian phai a\anga chawkluh

thlai, damdawia duhtawka an kah hnu ei ai chuan mahni chin ngei thlai rah tharlam

tak tak ei hi a changkangin a hrisel zawk em em a, nun a tihlim bawk si a, han ti chhin

ve mahla a hlimawmzia i hria ang a, remlo chung pawhin i ching zel tawh mai ang.


– 14 –

a ni. Tin, he boroj in bang leh chung atan hian awlsam leh tlawm taka neih mai theih

mau dap, di ro, hnim ro, balhla hnah, tc. te hman \hin a ni. He inchhungah hian

panhnahte chu raised bed (lei chhun pawn tih mam) ah chin tur a ni. Heng raised

beds hmawr leh boroj in bang inhlat zawng hi feet hnih a ni vek tur a ni a, he in hi a

square-a sak tur a ni. Panhnah cuttings chin turte hi panhnah zam kum 3-5 a upa

a\anga lak tur a ni. Cuttings te hi 8-10cm a thuka chin tur an ni a, cuttings inhlat

zawng chu 50-60x10-20cm a ni tur a ni. Heng panhnah kung hi thlai nutrients heh

tak an ni a, 400-600N, 200-300 P2O

2 leh K

2O Kg/ha a pek tur a ni. A theih hram

chuan chemicals aiin organic lei\ha hman tur a ni.

Chin dan tur

Cuttings chin turte chu a kung zam chhip lama mi laktur a ni. Tin, cuttings

pakhat hi 1metre a sei, nodes (a hnah \o na mit) pathum nei hman tur a ni. hectare

khatah cuttings singhnih vel phun tur a ni. Furrows (lei leh khuar thlur) a cuttings

chin bithliar inhlat zawng chu 10-20cm a ni bawk tur a ni. Cuttings chin tawh chu a

nodes pakhat lei hnuaiah a awm tur a ni a, a nodes hnihna chu lei hrulah, chutiang

zelin a nodes thumna lei chungah awmthei tura phun tur a ni. Cuttings chin tharte

chu nikhatah vawi 4 tuia theh huh tur a ni a, phun a\anga thlakhatna velah a hnah

hmasaber a \o \an thei a ni.

Trailing (zamtir dan)

Cuttings chintete chu thlakhat hnuah an zam \an der a, a kung zamte hi

mautlawnah zamtir tur a ni. cuttings la naupanlai chuan buara hruiah zamtir tur a ni

a; mahse, a zamthui deuh hnuah mautlawn ngil taka phunah zamtir a, 15-20cm a

inhlat zelin changel hruia suih a zamtir tur a ni. A kung zam \han duan dan azirin

trailing hi ni 15-20 danah tih thar zel tur a ni.

Lowering

A tlangpuiin kumkhatah panhnah kung hi 3meters a sangin a \hang thei. Mahse,

hetiang zata sang an \han tawh chuan a hnahte chu an lian \ha tak tak thei tawh lo va,

a kung chu tuaithar (rejuvenate) a ngai tihna a ni. Chuvangin, ‘Lowering’ hi kumkhatah

vawikhat tal tih \hin tur a ni. Lowering dan chu a kung bul a\anga 15cm thleng a hnah

thliahfai a, a kung zam leh mautlawn thlun zawmna hrui zawng zawng lakthlak phat

tur a ni. A chhip hmar 2.5-5cm chauh zuahin, a kung zam chu uluk taka kualin leiah

mut a, 5cm vel lei cheh a chhilh tir tur a ni. Chumi zawhah tui leh manure pek bawk

tur a ni.


– 16 –

PURUN VAR CHIN DAN LEH ENKAWL ZUI DAN

Purun var hi Europe chhim lam leh Asia khawthlang lam chhuak a ni.

Hmakhawsang a\ang tawhin chawhmeh tih rimtui nan hman a ni tawh a; tin, damdawi

siam nan pawh an hmang nasa hle a ni.

A \angkaina

Purun var hi hmui hmer thlai a nih mai bakah damdawi chi hrang hrangah

hman a ni. Thisena thau awm a tireh a, ruh chuktuah natna, khawsik, pumna, rulhul

enkawlna \ha tak a ni a, thisen a tithianghlimin thisen sang leh hniam enkawl nan te,

hrawk tithiangtu atna te, hriatna hloh enkawl nan te, ek hinbi siam diktu atan te,

nikhaw hre lova awmte tihharh leh nan te, hmeichhe thi neih hun vawng diktu atan te

hman a ni bawk a; tin, taksa tiharhtu atan te, kawpuar, khuhhip, lung lam \ha lo, phar,

tai \ha lo, zeng, ruhseh, sciatica leh vung enkawl nan te hman a ni. Tin, a tui sawr hi

bengnaa thlawrah an hmang bawk \hin.


– 18 –

Eichhetu rannungte

1. Onion Thrips: He rannung te tak te hian purun var hnah vela chaw kal te a

zûk \hin a, a hnah a lo varin a hnah hmawr lam a ro \hin. He rannung tihrem nan hian

Sevin 4gm, tui litre khata pawlh emaw, Endosulfan 2ml, tui litre khata pawlh emawa

kah tur a ni.

2. Onion Maggot: He rannung hi January leh February thlaah a hluar hle a, a

belh tawh hnahte chu a hnah hmawr a\angin a ro \an a, a bulbal pawh a chhe \hin. He

rannung tihrem nan hian Sevin emaw, Endosulfan emaw, No. 1 a mi anga pawlhin

kah tur a ni.

3. Lucerne Caterpillar: He pangang hian purun var hnahte a eichhe \hin a,

Sevin emaw Nuvacron (1.25ml, tui litre khata pawlh) emawa kah tur a ni.

4. Tobacco Caterpillar: He pangang pawh hian purun var hnahte a eichhiain

a hnahte a seh bung \hin a, a tihrem nan Sevin emaw Endosulfan emawa kah a \ha.

Purun var natnate

1. Blight: He natnain a beih tawh purun var hnahte chu a tein a sawng \hin a;

tin, a hnah zung hrualte rawng sendukin a kap \hin a, a hnahte a lo \ilin a bulbal

insiam pawh a \awih \hin. He natna enkawl nan hian Bordeaux mixture-a kah a \ha.

2. Smut: He natna hian purun var \iak tirte a bei \hin a, meihawl rawtdipa theh

ang maiin a dum chuai \hin. He natna enkawl nan hian chinai leh sulfur chawhpawlhin,

purun var kan chin tur nen khan nuai pawlh tur a ni. Tin, a leilung buatsaih laiin

Formaldehyde tui theh/kah pawh a \ha. Tin, chin hmain Captan/Thiram nena a chi

nuaipawlh \hin a \ha.

3. Rust: He natna hian purun var hnahte chu a dungzui zawngin a ti rang \hin.

He natna enkawlna hi hriat a la ni rih lo.


– 20 –

thlaia inchhek khawmte hian thin natna chi hrang hrang awm thei a titlem. He a

hnathawh kalhmang thlen theihna chhan bera puh chu bile salts a lo tuam a, chu

chuan a inhip lut leh tur lo dangin, cholesterol level insem darh tur a tihniam a ni.

Dietary fibres, a bik takin gums, pectins-te hi chawa a tel chuan thisena

glucose level a tihniam a, hei hian zunthlum (diabetes) enkawl nan a ti\angkai a ni.

Entir nan: Purun var sawrte hian thisen glucose level a tihniam thei. Dietary fibres-

te hian chaw, rilpuia a kal tlang chhung a tirei a, hei hian rilpui cancer

hlauhthawnawmna a titlem a ni. 40 g DF nitin taksa a lakluh hi mithiamten taksa

hriselna leh vawn nan an chawh a ni.

‘Folate’ tih pawha hriat lar hi thlai chi hrang hrang hian a pai nual a, a bikin

Spinach (123 mg/100g), thlai hnah chi (40-80 mg/100g) leh bê ho (144 mg/100g).

Heng folic acid-te hi kan taksaa red cells-te tihpun nan leh puitlinnan a mamawh a

ni. Tlakchham thung erawh chuan Anaemia (Thisena a mûr sen chi pai tlem) thlen

theiin, a bikin naupang leh nu rai laiah a hluar thei. Hemi avang tak hian thlai, folic

acid pai hnemte ei tam a \ha. Research tam takah chuan lung natna leh rilpui cancer

hlauhthawnawmna a titlem thei a ni. Folic acid hian homocysteine level titlahniamin,

chu chuan heart attack leh strokes lakah taksa a tichak a ni.

Thlaia awm secondary metabolites-te hi cancer insiam tur \hiat thei com-

pounds an ni. Chungte chu 1) Glucosinolates (Indole-3 Carbinol) - zikhlum leh

broccoli a awm 2) Organosulfur (Diallyl sulphide) - purun var leh purun sen a awm

3) Carotenoids (b-carotene) - carrot, tomato, mai leh thlai hnah hringa awm.

Thlai chi hrang pathum bihchianna

1. Thlai hnah hring

Heng thlai zinga langsar zualte chu spinach, lettuce, coriander etc. Heng thlai

hnah hring chi ho hi corotene, folate, iron, vitamin C leh calcium tamna a ni. Heng

chaw \ha an paite hian avitaminosis A (nausena mitdelna thlen thei) hi a veng thei a ni.

Heng thlai hnah ho hi Vitamin leh mineral pai hnem ber pawl niin, a repin (20-40%)

emaw, a hring (1-4%) paw protein an pai hnem a ni (Khan & Humid, 1986). A protein

paite hi amino acids a bikin Lysine leh Tryptophan an ken tam avangin cereal-based

diets-ah be ho thawh hlawkna nen a intluk reng a ni. Naupang kum 2-5 an nih a\anga ei

\an a \ha, ei \hat chuan mitdelna laka a ven theih vangin. Hemi avang hian kan ram

India-ah pawh ni tin heng thlai hnah hring hi 130g tal ei tura mipuite hriattir kan ni.

Naupang chaw ei tur mumal hmuh loh vanga natna neite leh thlai hnah hian bawnghnutea


– 22 –

an hmang \hin. Awmpawng (Sponge gourd) tui sawr hi mitliam (jaundice) damdawi

atan a \ha hle bawk. Terpine series compounds, carrot-a inchhekkhawm hi naupang

ril natna damdawi atan an hmang nasa hle. Carrot chi (seeds) densawm ei hian naupai

tur lakah indan nan an hmang bawk. Purunsen, purunvar leh sulphur pai thlaite hian

hrik laka venna (antiseptic properties) an nei. Kawlbahra hi khawsik damdawi atan

New Zealand-a chengte chuan an hmang uar hle. Hmarcha thakna 'capsaicin' hi phîng

thazam dam nan hman a ni.

Khaikhawmna

Nitina mi pakhat thlai ei tur zat bituk chu 300 grams a ni; mahse, kan ram

India ah chuan mihring awm zat leh kan thar chhuah zat chhutin mi pakhat tan 145

grams chauh a awm thei a ni. Thlai ei tur recommend zat 300g ah hian 125 g hi thlai

hnah hring, 100g hi thlai bul ei chi, a dang 75g hi chu thlai dangte an ni.

Thlaite hian chaw \ha tinreng nutrients, vitamins, moisture content leh di-

etary fibres an pai avangin thlaite hi chaw hrisel, mihring taksa hrisel nan, enkawl

nan leh inthlahchhawn nan a \ha hle a ni. Harvard School of Public Health-in a

tarlan danin, balanced diet-a thlai ei tam telh hian natna duhawm lo tak tak pumpui

lawng, B.P hniam leh thin natna leh stroke-te a titlem. Oregon State University-in a

tarlan danin, thlai taksa tana a \hatna chhan ber pakhat chu phytochemicals/antioxi-

dant an pai vang niin an chhut a, hengte avang hian taksaa cancer cells insiam leh

chet phung lo dang bet niin an zir chhuak a ni. USDA 2000 Dietary Guidelines-in a

tarlan danin ni khatah vawi thum tal thlai chaw ei \hin tur a ni. Tunlai dinhmunah

chuan khawvel pumin 'Nutritional security' a buaipui nasa a, he dinhmun tihmasawn

tur hian thlaite hi an nutrients, minerals leh vitamins pai tam avangin an \angkai

dawn hle a ni. Ram changkang zawkah chuan thlai ei mi 'Vegetarian' an pung nasa

em em a, ram leh hnam hrisel tak ni tur chuan kan food system-a thlai kan telh tam

a, kan ei tam a, kan chin uar a \ul a ni.


– 24 –

3. Tui

Thlasik thlai ching tur chuan tui a pawimawh em em a, thlaiin a mamawh

tawk tui kan pek theihna hmun ngei kan hlang thiam tur a ni. Thlasik thlai chinna

hmun atan chuan hmun sang leh ro lam aiin hmun hniam leh hnawng tamna hmun

kan thlang hram tur a ni.

4. Nutrition

Thlai te hian chaw \ha an mamawh em em a, leiah an duh khawp a awm nghal

\hin loh avangin kan pek belh an ngai \hin. Tin, chaw kham khawp an hmuh lohna

hmunah chuan an \han a \huin danglamna/natna chi hrang hrangin a tlakbuak thei

\hin a ni. Thlaiin chaw an mamawhte chu Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Boron,

Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Sulphur leh Zinc te

an ni a, heng zingah hian a hmasa pathumte hi an pawimawh zual bikin Major Nutri-

ent an ni a, a dangte hi Minor Nutrient an niin thlaiin a mamawh tlem hle a ni.

Phosphorus leh Potassium te hi thlai \o \anin an hman nghal tura pek ngei negi tur

an ni a, Nitrogen leh a dangte hi chu a hnuah pawh pek theih an ni. Tin, fertilizer

bakah hian thlaite hian Manure (ran ek leh hnim \awih etc.) an mamawh em em tih

kan hriat fo a \ha. Kan lei tam ber hi lei chung hang \hain a luan ralsan tawh avangin

manure hi hneh taka kan pek a \ul hle a ni. Tunlaia manure siam chawp Bio-fertil-

izer angte hi a \angkai em em a ni. Manure hian leiah hnawng a vawng \hain lei a

tidur a, nasa takin kan fertilizer pekte thlai ei theih turin a lo buatsaih a ni.

5. Thlai chi

Thlasik thlai chin dawna ram leilung duh angte kan thlan fel hnuah chuan a

pawimawh leh hmasa ber chu thlai chi hi a ni. Kan thlai chin chi chu kan hrechiang

em em tur a ni a, a thianghlimin chin pawlh niaih nuaih a ni tur a ni lo va, a hriselin

a chi chu a chang tawk tur a ni a, rannung leh thildangin a eichhiat tawhte kan hmang

tur a ni lo. Tin, natna hi a chi a\anga inkai chhawn

chi tam tak a awm avangin a chi hrisel \ha kan

hmang hram hram tur a ni. Tin, damdawi hmangin

thlai chi chu kan tithianghlim \hin tur a ni. Thlai

chi tih thianghlim nan hian Agrosan GN te,

Thiram, Captan, Ceresan, Brassicol te leh

Dithane M-45 te a hman theih.


– 26 –

a tirtea enkawl nghal chuan a ven theih hle a, a nasat hnu chuan damdawi pawhin a

tidam zo tawh \hin lo a ni.

9. A seng hun

Kan thlai chinte chu a seng hun dik kan hre tur a ni a, an hnah leh thlai rah no

ei mite chu a no \hat lai ngeiin kan seng vat tur a ni a, \ul lovah kan dah chang tur a

ni lo. Thlai rah a kunga hmintir hi a kungin a tuar em em a, chuvangin \ul lovah a rah

te a kungah kan dah reng tur a ni lo. Tin, kan seng zawhin thlai kungte chu kan dim

em em tur a ni.

10. Packing and Transportation

Kan thlai seng tawhte chu a dahna bawm \ha takah khungin a chhiat loh nan a

dahna hmun pawh kan fimkhur tur a ni a, kan phurh sawnnaah pawh tichhe lo turin

kan fimkhur em em tur a ni.


– 28 –

SERTHLUM CHINGTUTE TANA HRIAT TUR

PAWIMAWH ZUALTE

F. Zorinsangi, ADHO

Lunglei Division

l. A kung pianzia (Shape) siam dan

Mizorama kan serthlum kung tam ber hi chu ria sang deuh ur, a kung pui vel

buk deuh lum, lawh har tak a ni tlang pui a, chutiang ni lo tur chuan kan enkawl tur a

ni. Lei a\anga ft 2 hnuai lama lo chawrte chu bakcheh hriam (Secateur) in a kungpui

hnaih thei ang berah mam taka hlawi/tan tur a ni. Tin, a kungpui hnaih vela a \ang

inkal thelh te, a arkhel te, hei bakah hian a \ang no nguak a hring dal deuh lo chawr

(Water shoot) te a kungpui hnaih thei ang berin tan chhum bawk tur a ni. Tin, a kung

ti \awi buk turin a \angte chu ft 1 leh a chanve vela sei bak chu tan vek bawk tur a ni,

chumi lo chawr leh chu chutiang tho chuan tan leh zel tur a ni. Tin, a \ang lo chawrte

pawh chu sang ur lo turin a hnuai lamah kawih kul (bending) bawk tur a ni. Serthlum

tan (cut) hun atan hian October emaw February thla emaw a \ha.

2. Hnim thlawhfai

Chaw \ha leh tui an hip chak theih nan ser zungte hi pawn lang takah an awm

a, chuvang chuan a bul hnaiah hnim leh thlai an lo awm ve chuan an chaw mamawh

tur tawk an hmu \hin lo a ni. Hei vang hian a kung bul metre 1 bial vel chu fai taka

vawn a, hnim leh thlai dang te \o tir loh tur a ni. Hemi metre 1 bial a hnim chu thlo

lova, a pawh a pawh tur a ni. Tin, ser kung a lo len a, a lo upat deuhin a fai lai hi tih

zauh tur a ni. Serthlum karah thil kan ching duh a nih chuan a lei ti \ha thei tur thlai-

bekang te, badam te, pea te, chana te emaw chin tur a ni a, sawhthing te, aieng te,

balhla te chin hauh loh tur a ni.

3. A phun na hmun

Serthlum chu a khur a phun a \ha a, chutiang a kan lo phun tawh lo a nih

pawhin half moon terrace siam ngei nise, chu chuan a kung enkawl leh tuipek a ti

awlsam a, lei luangral tur a veng tel bawk.


– 30 –

nge nge \hin a ni. Serthlum hian chaw\ha - nitrogen te, phosphorus te, potassium te

an mamawh a, heng chaw 3 te hi a hlawm lian a an mamawh em em te an ni. Heng an

chaw mamawhte hi NPK kan tihah hian an awm a, 1gm tui litre 1 a pawlhin a khat

tawkin kan pe reng tur a ni. A bik takin an lo chawrno lai te , an par dawn lai te leh a

rah insiam \antirh laite phei hi chuan pek ngei ngei tur a ni. Hei bakah hian lei\ha -

manganese, boron, zinc,etc. te hi an mamawh leh a, hengte hi MULTIPLEX ah hian

an awm a, 2.5gm tui litre 1 a pawlhin NPK ang tho khian pek tur a ni.

5. Natna leh rannung eichhetu -

(1) Leaf miner - A puitling chu lungphur te tak te, silver rawng, mit dum, thla

var hniar seng, a thla hmawr dum, a thla chung rang a ni a, a pangang tet laiin a var a,

a len deuhah a hring dal \hin. Leaf miner hian ser hnah chu zig zag a hreuh rangin

kawng an sial a, a chhunga boruak tang avangin silver rawngin a lang \hin.He rannung

hian ser hnah chawrno a\angin a tui hnang a hip bawk \hin a ni. A hnah zungpui a eng

a, a khawr a, a ro phah \hin. He rannung hi a bik takin Nursery ah te hian an awm

duhin an hnawksak thei em em a ni.

Control - Acetamiprid ( Prize) 2ml tui litre 1 a pawlhin kah tur.

2. Z.Psylla - Leaf miner ang thoin ser hnah chawrno a\angin tui hnang a hip

\hin a, chu chuan ser hnah chu a ti khawr a, a \ang te pawh chu a lo te in a ro phah

\hin. Hei bakah hian thil hnang (honey dew) an tih chhuah hian thil hmuar (sooty

mould) a awm tir a; tin, natna (greening disease) pu darhtu an ni bawk.

Control - Monocrotophos 2ml tui litre 1 a chawhpawlhin kah tur.

3. Fanghmir - Fanghmir hian amah hrim hrim chuan a ei /dawt lo nain ser

kung bawmtu rannung dang aphids leh thrips ten an tih chhuah honey dew chu an

bawm \hin a, an tam tham phei chuan ser hnah te chu ti balin bute hial an chhep \hin

a, hei hian a kung dam loh na a thlen thei a ni. Tin, rannung chi khat white aphids a pu

dah bawk \hin a ni.

Control - Chlorpyriphos (Eldrex) powder ser kung bulah phul tur a ni. A powder a

awm loh chuan Chlorpyriphos tuiin 2ml tui litre 1 a chawhpawlhin kah tur a ni.

4. Thlangdar - Thlangdar chiah hian a chi hrang a tam hle mai a, serthlum

bawmtu thlangdar hi Cypermethrin 2ml tui litre 1 a pawlhin kah tur a ni.


– 32 –

thluk a halral vek tur a ni. Hei hian a kung dang hrisel a a kai tur a vengbawk. (f) A

hmun thlawhfai \hat tur.

5. Powdery mildew - Hei hi vut buak kan tih hi a ni a, hmuar natna chi khat a

ni. He natna hi thliin a tih darh avangin enkawl a nih loh chuan zankhat thilthu ah

huan pum a bawh thei a, a hnah te \il in a tla kawlh thei a ni. Thlai natna zawng zawng

zingah hian he natna hi thlai \hanna daltu leh a thar tikiam nasa bertu a ngaih a ni.

Powdery mildew hian thlai a ti thi khat hle nain chhiatna a thlen theihte chu - (a)

Thlai chaw (Nutrient) a dawt. (b) Chaw siam (Photosynthesis) a ti kiam. (c) Thlai

thawkna leh tui pekchhuah a ti pung. (d) Ser kung \han a ti \hu. (e) 20-30% in a thar

a kiam phah.

A lan dan - A hnah chung leh hnuai leh zikno ah a lang ber a, a hnah a \il a, a tla

kawlh a, a ro thei.

Control - Nipui a lo thlen dawnah kan ser hnahten he natna an kai leh kai lohte

endik tur a ni. An lo kai a nih chuan Sulphur (Sulfex) 3gm tui litre 1 a pawlhin kah

turani.

MULTIPLEX LEH NPK (BOON HARVEST) HMAN HUN

Multiplex 2.5gm leh Boon harvest gm 1 tui litre 1 a pawlhin heng hunah

hian kah tur:

(1) Ser hnah a lo chawrno lain

(2) Ser par dawn tan chiahin

(3) A rah sen lai, ser rah saihlum tiat vei a nih laiin.



Documents

VOL-XXIV ISSUE NO. 3 HUAN ENKAWLTU OCTOBER ......awm \hin a ni. A tawp berah chuan, hnathawh hi kan taksa tan hian a \ha a, Pathian min siam danah hian hnate thawk a, thlan tla bawrh