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VoIP 2000. 2.10.

VoIP - KAISTbrahms.kaist.ac.kr/professor/ftp/2nd_workshop/07-VOIP_kimhd.pdfVoIP and Intelligent Network! ... Mobility management Home Customer ... " Signaling between media gateway

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VoIP ����������������

2000. 2.10.

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! Introduction

! Standard Issue

! Voice over IP (VoIP) signaling

! VoIP and Intelligent Network

! All IP network (IMT-2000)

! Conclusion

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Voice ���� Data ������������ ����

Voice ���� ��������Data over Voice

Data ���� ��������Voice over Data

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SS7SS7

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Tandem/Toll Network

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SCPSCPSCPSCP

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Packet

GatewaySwitch

SoftSwitch

GatewaySwitch

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Packet

Next Generation Tandem Network

SS7

Packet-BasedTandem Network

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GatewaySwitch

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�������� IP-network

–PSTN

–IP router network–(WDM/SDH/ATM)

–DiffServ, MPLS,–Multicast

–LAN

–PC

–Digi-TV

–Wireless

–AAA

–Directories–DNS

–Billing,–Network management

–SLA–VPN

–IP/INsignaling

–RSVP–Mobile IP

–IPSec

–GPRS

–UMTS

–Wireless

Mobility management

Home Customer

Corporate customer

Customer using Mobile

–Mobile IP

–DSL

Telephone Customer

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Elements of IP TelephonyStandards Based Connections

! Control" Telephony Protocols

" IP Call Control Protocols

! Media" PCM streams

" IP Packets

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Control in IP Telephony

! Control" Telephony Protocols

• Standard worldwide protocols

– ISDN, Analog, CAS, SS7

" Network Protocols

• IP Call Control Protocols

– H.323

– MGCP

– Megaco, H.248

– SIP

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Media in IP Telephony

! Media" PCM streams

• Vocoding

• Echo

" IP Packets

• Jitter

• Delay

• Sequence

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VON �������� ��������������������

! ITU - International Telecommunications Union SG 16" multimedia ��� security� �� ��

" H.323

! IETF - International Engineering Task Force" web services PSTN/ISDN ���

" Iptel : IP telephony

" PINT: PSTN-Internet service

" Sigtran : Telephony signaling transport

" SIP : Session Initiation Protocol

! ETSI - European Telecomm. Standards Institute" TIPHON (Telephony and IP Harmonization Over Networks)

" SPS5 (UNI/NNI signaling aspects)

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VON Protocols of interest

! H.323 (ITU-T)" initial push for VON interoperability

" Multimedia session control - call control

! SIP (IETF)" Session Initiated Protocol – Call Control

" SIP/ SAP/ SDP

" SIP+ (MGC to MGC communication)

! MGCP (IETF : Media Gateway Control Protocol)" Decomposed gateway model

• media gateway controller (MGC)

• media gateway (MG)

• signaling gateway (SG)

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VON Protocols of interest

! MEGACO (IETF)" MEdia GAteway Control; Successor to MGCP

! H.248 (ITU-T) [formerly H.GCP]" ITU variant of MEGACO

! SIP-T (IETF, Cable Labs) [formerly SIP+]" Signaling between media gateway controllers

! SCTP (IETF Sigtran) [formerly MDTP]" Simple Control Transmission Protocol

" Transport PSTN signaling (SS7, Q.931) over IP

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Gateway Control Protocol Map

DSM-CCDSM-CCDiameterDiameter

SGCPSGCP

IPDCIPDC

MGCPMGCP

MDCPMDCP

MegacoPMegacoP

NCS Packet CableNCS Packet Cable

Megaco/H.248Megaco/H.248Agreement reached betweenITU and IETF to work to createone standard

H.GCPH.GCP

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IP Protocol Roadmap

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H.323 VoIP Stack

Data Appls QoSAudioVideo Control and Management

HTTP

T.120TCP

RTPRSVPRTCP

UDP

Suppl.H.245

SetupH.225

TCP

IP

GKRAS

UDP

G.7xxH.26x

MediaManagement

ConnectivityManagementCall ControlMobility

Management

Virtual PABX PersonalAssistant

UnifiedMessaging

IP CallCenter

ProtocolLayer

AbstractionAPI

Service Layer

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H.323 standards scopes

! H.323 defines" System-level characteristics of terminals, gateways,

gatekeepers, and MCUs

" Call signaling procedures (phases A-E)

" Refers to H.225 and H.245 specs

! H.225 defines" Packetization and use of RTP/RTCP

" Use of Q.931/2 and RAS messages

! H.245 defines" Procedures for use of Control Protocol msgs

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H.323 calling - the old way

! Gatekeeper discovery

! Endpoint registration

! Call setup

! Capabilities exchange

! Master/slave determination

! Open logical (audio) channels

! Call services (BW changes)

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Discovery and Registration

! Auto discovery

! Registration

Endpoint Gatekeeper

GRQ

GCF/GRJ

Endpoint Gatekeeper

RRQ

RCF/RRJ

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Call setup, direct call signaling

Endpoint 1 Endpoint 2Gatekeeper 1

ARQ

ACF

Setup

Call proceeding

Alerting

Connect

ARQ

ACF

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Call setup, gatekeeper-routed

Gatekeeper 1 Endpoint 2

ARQ

ACF

Setup

Call Proceeding

Alerting

Connect

Setup

Call Proceeding

ARQ

ACF

Alerting

Connect

Endpoint 1

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H.245 proceduresEndpoint 1 Endpoint 2Gatekeeper 1

MasterSlaveDetermination

MasterSlaveDeterminationAck

MasterSlaveDetermination

MasterSlaveDeterminationAck

Capabilities

CapabilitiesAck

Capabilities

CapabilitiesAck

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H.245 procedures, cont’’’’dEndpoint 1 Endpoint 2Gatekeeper 1

OpenLogicalChannel

OpenLogicalChannelAck

OpenLogicalChannel

OpenLogicalChannelAck

Contains EP2RTP Address

Contains EP1RTP Address

WHEW!FINALLY!

NOKIDDING!

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H.323 calling - the new way

! Gatekeeper discovery

! Endpoint (pre)registration

! Call setup with Fast Start" May tunnel H.245 over H.225, or

" Create a separate H.245 Control Channel

! Call services (BW changes)

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Fast Start and pre-granted ARQ

Endpoint 1 Endpoint 2Gatekeeper 1

Setup (Fast Start)

Call proceeding

Alerting

Connect

Only one of thesecontains Fast Start

elements

WATSON, COMEHERE! I NEED

YOU.IF YOU WISH TO

LEAVE A MESSAGEFOR MR. WATSON,

PRESS *1

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ITU-T H.323 V.3 Components

! H.323 Base document + Annexes" Annex E - signaling on UDP (for scalability)" Annex F - single use device (minimum stack) SET(Simple Endpoint Type)

! H.225 Call control" Signaling, packets, media streams, GK admission" Annex G. inter-domain management

! H.245 Channel control" open, close, negotiate capabilities (optional)

! H.235 Security! H.332 Multicasting to large groups (MCU)! H.450.1-9 Supplementary services

" transfer, forwarding, hold, park, wait

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H.323 v.3

! H.450.x - Supplementary Services" H.450.1 Signaling Framework

" H.450.2 Call Transfer

" H.450.3 Call Diversion

" H.450.4 Call Hold

" H.450.5 Call Park/Call Pickup

" H.450.6 Call Waiting

" H.450.7 Message Waiting Indication

" H.450.8 Name Identification Service

" H.450.9 Call Completion ( Busy, No answer)

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H.323 Network

IP-basedVoiceMail

ServerGate-

keeperMCU

VoiceFaxGWPBX

H.320GW CO

Video

ISD

NP

OT

S

Fire-wall

Server

IP LAN

H.450Call

Deflection

H.225.0Annex G

Inter-Domain

H.323Annex E

UDP signaling

H.323 Annex D (T.38 Fax) H.323 Annex F (Simple Endpoint Types)

H.235Security &Encryption

ISU

P

CO

Gate-keeper

EgressRouter

ISP

H.323end-point

H.323end-point

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Scope of H.248 : Trunk GW

Multi-Services Data Network(IP or ATM)

Voice Streams

SS7(ISUP)

MGC

SGW

MGC

SGW

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Scope of H.248 : Access GW

Multi-Services Data Network(IP or ATM)

Voice Streams

MGC MGC

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Gatekeeper across Domains

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Signaling Gateway

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SIP/ SAP/ SDP

! SIP – Session Initiation Protocol" Application layer signaling protocol" New IETF WG formed (SIP) (Came out of MMUSIC WG)" Text, HTTP-like" Extensions being drafted for Calling party privacy, distributed call

signaling (DCS), local number portability (LNP)" Direct competitor to H.323" SIP+ is now SIP-T (or SIP-BCP) for Telephony Interworking

! SAP – Session Announcement Protocol" Multicast multimedia session directory" Announcers and listeners

! SDP – Session Description Protocol" Not really a protocol" Also used by MGCP

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3

4

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67

8

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1011

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SIP Client

SIP RedirectServer

SIP Proxy

SIP Proxy

SIP Client(User Agent Server)

Location Service

Request

Response

1. SIP User Agent sends INVITE request to local proxy2. Proxy queries DNS to find Server for called party

3. Server knows that user is logged on elsewhere and redirects the call4. Proxy checks DNS again and proxies request to correct Server

5,6. Server consults local DB to find “next-hop” server7. Server proxies request to local Server

8. Call proxied to User Agent9-12. User accepts call, ACK propagates back to caller

SIP call flow

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General ISUP↔↔↔↔SIP Conversion

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ISUP transparency (SIP bridging)

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ETSI TIPHON Goals

Charter:! Combine telecommunications and Internet technologies to enable

Voice over IP networks to interwork with Switched CircuitNetworks (SCN)

Goals:! Fast: Meetings every 2 Months and email exploders

! Focus on Services and Specifications

! Global World-wide Acceptance

! Service Oriented Solutions that can be provided by many types ofnetwork operators

! We do not re-invent existing standards (use IETF and ITUprotocols wherever possible)

! Based on H.323 series and existing SCN standards

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Technical Objectives & Structure

Define:! Requirements for Service Interoperability

! Global Architecture: interfaces and functions

! Call control procedures, information flows and rotocols

! End-to-End Quality of Service parameters

! Address translation between E.164 and IP

! Technical Aspects of Billing & Accounting

! Security Profiles and Procedures

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Technical Objectives & Structure

8 Working Groups:! WG 1: Requirements! WG 2: Architecture! WG 3: Protocols! WG 4: Naming, Numbering and Addressing! WG 5: End-to-End Quality of Service! WG 6: Verification & Demonstration! WG 7: Mobility! WG 8 : Security

Also:! Specialist Task Force (STF 114)! Special Rapporteur on security

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! Phase 1

! Phase 2

! Phase 3

! Phase 4

TIPHON Scope

call set-up

PSTN/ISDN/GSM users IP based users

IP NetworkPSTN/ISDN/GSM

usersPSTN/ISDN/GSM

users

call set-up

IP based usersPSTN/ISDN/GSM

users

PSTN/ISDN/GSM

IP based usersIP based users

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Next Generation IP NetworksPrimary Challenges of Real-time Services

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ITU-T IN CS ������������ � � � �

! ITU-T SG11���� WP4" CS-1(Capability Set 1)

• PSTN ��� ����� " CS-2(Capability Set 2)

• N-ISDN ��� �� ������ " CS-3(Capability Set 3)

• �� B-ISDN ��� ��� �� ������ ��� ��� �����

" CS-4(Capability Set 4)• B-ISDN ��� ��• IMT-2000 VHE � ��� �� • LAN Interconnect, INAP over IP, IP over ATM

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ITU-T Q.1244

! H.323 GK���� SCF ��������

! PINT Gateway���� IN ��������

! MGC���� IN ��������

! H.248 MGC-MG���� SCF ��������

! Gatekeeper���� SIP���� �������� SCF ��������

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! �#$%�#$%�#$%�#$% &'&'&'&' ��������

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VoDSL: Voice in Cells over DSL

DSLAM

DSL CPEincludingvoice ports

Internet

Class 5 LE

ATMnetwork

PhonesFaxetc..

! For CLECs to offer multiservice access to small-business.

! Can reach customers anywhere where ATM based broadbandaccess is available

! Easy evolution, replacing TDM transport with DSL

! Coppercom, Jetstream

DSL

TR008, GR-303 to VoATMconverter

GR-303

LAN

4 to 16 POTS lines

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VoDSL: VoIP over DSL using existingClass 5 LE

DSLAM

LAN

DSL CPE

Internet

PhonesFax etc...

! For CLECs to offer multiservice access to small-businesscustomers over IP

! Can reach customers anywhere where broadband IP servicesare available

! Insensitive to layer 2 technology

! IP QoS may require some attention

xDSL

GR-303

LAN

8 to 24 lines

Voice&Dataintergr.

IP

Class 5 LE

ATMnetwork

TR008, GR-303 to VoIPconverter

RAN

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Voice services provided by IPTelephony Gateways and Gatekeepers

DSLAM

Voice

DSLCPE RAN

IPT GWInternet

Gate Keeper

! Both traditional transport and switching replaced by newbroadband / IP technology components

! Today still work to do with QoS, standards and features.

! A possible longer term direction

! It could take some time before volume business emerge forthis solution

DSLIPATM

network

PSTN

LAN

Voice clients

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Wireless Network "#"#"#"#

! Proprietary BSC/MSC architecture

! Wireless standards - TDMA/GSM, CDMA

PSTN

Airinterface

Framing T1/E1 voice, SS7 signaling,(64 kbps voice)

AnalogA interface

BSC MSC

Wireless Standards PSTN Standards

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Objectives of Wireless/IP Networks

! Provide better solutions to existing markets" Cellular

" Wireless PBX

" WLL

! Leverage direct connection to IP telephonynetworks" Allows access to existing VoIP equipment and networks

! Reduce infrastructure cost" No need to be proprietary end to end

" Easier for application developers to add new features

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Wireless/IP Network

! IP backhaul of compressed voice

! In-building/campus applications

! More efficient for mobile-to-mobile calling

InternetGate-way

Airinterface

Abis IP encapsulated voice

analog64 kbpsvoice

BSCfunctions

MSCfunctions

Wireless Standards

PSTN

VoIP Standards PSTN StandardsGatewayGateway

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Other Factors• IETF (e.g., MGCP)

• Carrier Networkse.g. Sprint

• TINA-C

• ITU-T SG-16 H.323

• ATM Forum

All-IPStandard

3GPP2• TSG-S Core-IP Ad-Hoc

3GPP• IP Forum• Evolved GPRS?

IMT-2000 All IP Standard

3GPP2• TSG-P PN-4286 TSG-S IP for IOS• TSG-N Exploratory

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Network Evolution and All IP - All IP Network

! The aim of the all IP architecture is to allow operators todeploy IP technology to deliver 3rd Generation services,that is an architecture based on packet technologies andsimultaneous real time and non real time IP servicesincluding telephony and multimedia.

! The characteristics of the all IP network" Integration of mobile telecommunications and Internet" Packet transport using IP protocols" IP based call control protocols" IP client enabled terminals" Real time IP capable radio access network and also other access

means including Cable and HIPERLAN

LGIC

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IP Unifies Wireless Architecture

Services

Core Network

Access Network(s)

Subscribers

Cellular WiLL Enterprise Satellite WirelineCable

NetworkManagement

Internet

IP Backbone

VoiceServices

Dispatch DataServices

2-WayPaging

OperatorSupplied

3rd PartySupplied

Control PSTN

Gateways

Network Services

• Packet IP Backbone• Supports all Access Technologies

• Unified Network Architecture

• Common Services

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FFirst draft architecture for all_IP networkwas completed

WWork within 3GPP TSGs and WGsproceed according the TSG-Sapproved R00 Project Plan

RRelease 00 specifications completedincluding all-IP option

TThe proposal for an All IP option within R00All IP option within R00 wasaccepted

June 99

July 99

Oct. 99

Dec. 99

Jan. 00

Dec. 00

Jan. ~ Dec. 00

33GPP All-IP network feasibility study started

PProject planning work for R00 is started

RRelease 00 service requirements available

Network Evolution and All IP3GPP UMTS Release 2000 milestones

LGIC

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3GPP Release 2000 Architecture

GfGi

Iu

GiMr

Gi

Ms

Gi

R UuMGW

Gn

Gc

Signalling and Data Trans f erI t f

SignallingI t f

T E MT U TR AN

Gr

SGSN GGSN

EIR

MG CF

R-SGW *)

M RF

Mult imed iaIP Netw orks

PS TN/Legacy /Ex ternal

A pplic ations &Serv ic es *)

M m

Mw

Legac ym obiles igna ling

N etwork

Mc

Cx

A lternativ eAc c essNetw ork

Mh

C SC F

C SC F

Mg

T-SGW *)

T-SGW *)

HSS *)

HSS *)

A pplic ations& Serv ic es *)

MS C s erv er GMS C s erv er

*) thos e elements are duplic ated f orf ilay out purpos e only , they belong to the s ame

logic al element in the ref erenc e model

McMc

D C

SCP

CA P

MGWNb

Nc

Iu

Iu

R-SGW *)Mh

CA PCA P

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Data Services BenefitsData Services Benefits• Access to Internet-based

applications & services

ChargingChargingGateway FunctionGateway Function

The Road to IP(Cisco)1st Phase: Packet Data Services

2.5G2G

ManagementManagement(SNMP)(SNMP)

DHCP ServerDHCP Server DNS ServerDNS Server

Security Security Server (RADIUS)Server (RADIUS)

Application ServerApplication Server

Voice Data

INServices

CircuitSwitching

NetworkFeature Server

GbGbPDSN/GSN

Enabling Data Services

CircuitNetworkCircuit Packet

Traffic

Packet Network(Internet)

RadioAccessControl

Value Chain

DataData

VoiceVoice

VPNVPN

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2.5G / 3G2G

INServices

ServicesManager

Circuit/SignalingG

ateway

FeatureServer(s)

NetworkFeatureServers

RNCS

3G

Enabling Integrated Voice & Data ServicesCircuit Packet

Traffic

The Road to IP2nd Phase: Full Suite of Integrated Services

VoiceVoice +

Data

DataData

Value Chain

VoiceVoice

VPNVPN

Packet Packet VoiceVoice

UnifiedUnifiedCommunicationsCommunications

Operator Benefits:Operator Benefits:•• Integrated Voice and Data Services Integrated Voice and Data Services

•• Capacity and Cost Advantages Capacity and Cost Advantages

•• Integrated Provisioning and Billing Integrated Provisioning and Billing

CircuitSwitch

CircuitNetwork

IP Network

IP RAN

IP RAN IP RAN

Packet Network(Internet)Packet

Gateway

RadioAccessControl

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Circuit/Signaling Gateway

Operator Benefits:Operator Benefits:•• Cap MSC Investment Cap MSC Investment

•• Peer-to-Peer Network Peer-to-Peer Network

•• Multimedia Services Multimedia Services

•• Realizing the Full Power of 3G Realizing the Full Power of 3G

Circuit Packet

Traffic

The Road to IP3rd Phase: True Peer-To-Peer Network

2.5G / 3G2G

INServices

ServicesManager

Circuit/SignalingG

ateway

FeatureServer(s)

NetworkFeatureServers

RNCS

3G

CircuitNetwork

IP Network

Packet Network(Internet)Packet

Gateway

IP RAN

RadioAccessControl

CircuitSwitching

Circuit/Signaling GatewayCan Substitute for

MSC Functions

DataData

Value Chain

VoiceVoice

VPNVPN

Packet Packet VoiceVoice

UnifiedUnifiedCommunicationsCommunications

MultimediaMultimedia

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