VOCABULARY - isabetyayinlari.com°NGİLİZCE... · lere bakıp kelime ipuçlarını kullanarak tamamlayınız.) must (x4) wild animals public transport have to (2) rainforests balance

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G L O B A L W A R M I N G

1. People should use ................................. energy sources.

4. ................................ oil pollutes the water.

5. What can we do to ................................. the rainforests?

8. The .................................. change started. The world will

be hotter.

2. A lot of fish may die from water ..................................

3. Solar and wind energy is .................................. to

protect the environment.

6. ........................................... may result from the green

house effect.

7. We can .............................. paper or glass.

9. These bottles are ..........................................

They don’t harm the environment.

10. The temperature of the earth will .............................

11. Global warming ................................ all living things.

12. Every animal is important for the ...........................

of the nature

Down Across

VOCABULARY

P O L L U T I O NE F F I C I E N T

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Notes

124 İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!

We have to protect the environment!Lesson – 17

“should” da olduğu gibi “must”

ve “have to” da fiillerin yalın

haliyle kullanılır.

He must study. (“he must

studies or he musts study...”)

He has to study. (“he has to

studies...”)

I should study. I may do

some homework or I can

sleep.

I must study. I will

take an important test

tomorrow.

Look at Sid and Elly’s speech balloons. They both talk about studying. What is the dif-

ference then? (Sid ve Elly’nin konuşma balonlarını inceleyiniz. İkisi de çalışmakla ilgili

konuşmaktadırlar. Peki fark nedir?)

SID ELLY

He has got homework. (Onun ödevi

var.)

She has got an exam.

(Onun sınavı var.)

He can study later, he has a choice.

(Sonra çalışabilir, başka seçeneği

var.)

She must study, she hasn’t got a choice.

(Çalışmak zorunda, başka seçeneği yok.)

Yukarıdaki tabloyu inceleyiniz. “should” bir tavsiye ya da seçenek sunarken, “must”

zorunluluk veya gereklilik belirtmektedir. Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz.

We must stop polluting the water or the animals will die.

Burda yapmak zorunda olmaktan bahsedilmiştir. Eğer bu eylem yapılmazsa kötü

sonuçlar ortaya çıkacaktır. Bu yüzden “must” kullanılmıştır.

We should prepare a project to protect the environment.

Burda bir tavsiye verilmektedir. Bundan başka seçenek de önerilebileceği için

“should” kullanılmıştır.

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Notes

125İsabet Ders Defteri ile Öğren - Çöz - Kazan!

We have to protect the environment!Lesson – 17

Yukarıdaki örneklerde “must” ın

yerine “have to” da kullanılabilir.

“must” ve “have to” aynı anlama

gelmektedir, ikisi de zorunluluk

bildirir. Aşağıdaki tabloyu inceleyi-

niz.

“must” ve “have to” olum-

suz cümlelerde farklı anlama

gelmektedir. “mustn’t” kesinlikle

yapılmaması gereken anlamı

katarken “don’t/doesn’t have

to” yapılmasına gerek olmadığı

anlamı katar.

You mustn’t sleep now. You

are in the lesson. (Şu anda

uyumamalısın. Derstesin)

You don’t have to sleep now. It’s

early. You woke up late.

POSIVITE NEGATİVE QUESTION

MUSTWe must stop

polluting the

water.

She mustn’t

throw her rubbish

around.

Must I study

English?

HAVE TOWe have to stop

polluting the

environment.

She/he doesn’t

have to go to

school

Do you have to

study English?

Find the mistakes in these sentences and correct them. (Aşağıdaki cümlelerde hataları

bulup, düzeltiniz.)

1. You must not to throw your rubbish on the street.

2. I have to went to school.

3. He have to help us protect the environment.

4. He doesn’t have to smoke here. It’s forbidden.

5. Alice musts stop polluting the water.

6. Pan doesn’t must eat fast food so much.

7. We has to take action for our World.

8. They must wears school uniform.

9. He hasn’t to take his umbrella, it’s sunny.

go

has

musn’t

not

have

doesn’t have to

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Notes


Lesson – 17 We have to protect the environment!

I don’t have

to buy a new

jacket. I have a

beautiful one.

I must buy a

new jacket. My

jacket is old.

Elsa should buy

a new jacket.

The old one is not

protective.

Ahmet

Elsa

Barış

MUST HAVE TO SHOULD

Özneye göre

çekimlenmez. (She musts

must see the doctor.)

Özneye göre çekimlenir.

(She has to see the

doctor.)

Özneye göre

çekimlenmez. (She should

see the doctor.)

Olumsuz ve sorularda

yardımcı fiil ile beraber

kullanılmaz. (He doesn’t

must mustn’t smoke

here.)



kullanılır. (He haven’t to

doesn’t have to smoke

here.)



kullanılmaz. (He doesn’t

should shouldn’t smoke

here.)

Geniş zaman veya

gelecek zaman için

zorunluluk belirtir. (He

must wear school

uniform. (Okul üniforması

giymek zorunda. – bu bir

kural.))

Bütün zamanlarla beraber

kullanılanibilir ve dışardan

gelen zorunlulukardan

bahseder. (He has to

wear a school uniform.)

Geniş zaman veya

gelecek zaman için

tavsiye verirken

kullanılabilir.

(He should wear thick

clothes in winter. (Kışın

kalın kıyafetler giymeli.

– bu bir tavsiye, kişinin

tercihine bırakılmış.)

Fill in the blanks with “must- mustn’t, should- shouldn’t, have to/ has to - don’t/doesn’t have to”. (Aşağıdaki boşlukları “must- mustn’t, should- shouldn’t, have to/ has to - don’t/

doesn’t have to” kullanarak doldurunuz.)

1. Melisa ............................... write a letter to her family. They miss her.

2. You ...................... stop eating junk food, it’s harmful for you and your environment.

3. You ......................................... do a big environment project. Just help people to protect

it!

4. You look bad, you ................ see the doctor.

5. I have an exam tomorrow. I ................... study now.

6. He ..................... be quiet, the baby is sleeping.

7. We ....................... use eco- friendly materials to protect the enviroment.

8. They ....................... kill the animals for their fur, they are important for the balance.

should

must

don’t have to

must

should

must

must

shouldn’t

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Read the diolague below. Answer the questions using the information in it. (Aşağıdaki diyaloğu okuyunuz. Soruları diyalogtaki bilgileri kullanarak cevaplayınız.)

Do we have to buy some bottles?You don’t have to bring anything important, just simple things! You can bring batteries,

bottles or glass.

Oh, great. What should we bring? We will do an environment project tonight

with our environment club members. Do you want to come?

Anna

Beth

Clark

Well, can we come with friends?Good idea! You don’t have to bring any pens or papers. We have them at home.

Okay, then. See you tonight!Yes, you can but they must be members of the club.

That’s great, we should find interesting pictures, too.

No, you don’t. You mustn’t spend extra money. It’s for recycling. But you must

find a slogan for our project.

Clark

Clark

Clark

Clark

Anna

Beth

Beth

1. What shoud club members take to the meeting?

.............................................................................................................................................

2. Do they have to buy new bottles? Why?

.............................................................................................................................................

3. What should they do for the project?

............................................................................................................................................

4. Is it a good idea to have only members in the meeting? Why?

.............................................................................................................................................

5. What should be their slogans?

...........................................................................................................................................

6. Do you want to take part in this environmental project? Why?

...........................................................................................................................................

They can take batteries / battles or glass with them

No, they don’t. They shouldn’t spend extra money.

They should find a slogan.

Yes, it is / No it isn’t. (kendi cevapları)

SAYE THE WORLD / FROM OLD TO NEW vb.

Yes, I do Because.............

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Notes



balance

eco-friendly

Complete the sentences according to the pictures and word clues. (Cümleleri resim-

lere bakıp kelime ipuçlarını kullanarak tamamlayınız.)

must (x4) wild animals public transport have to (2)rainforests balance solar wind eco-friendly

We ……………. protect ………… …….…………..

They are important for the ………..........……..

of the nature.

We ……………. use ……………….…………………

We don’t ……………... use our cars. They are

more expensive and parking is also a

problem.

People …………….. use renewable energy

like …………….. or ……………… energy.

These energy types are …………………………..

They don’t harm the environment.

We ……………. protect ……………………..

They are habitats to different animal species.

We ……………… stop destroying the forests.

have

must

have to

must

mustsolar wind

eco - friendly

have topublic transport

rainforests

wild animals

balance

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Lesson Test


We have to protect the environment!

1. “You ..................... drink coffee too much. It’s not healthy.”

Which one correctly completes the dialogue?

A) have to

B) must

C) shouldn’t

D) don’t have to

2. A: Did you see Alice and Paul yesterday at the

wedding?

B: No, we didn’t. We ...................... leave early.

Which one completes the dialogue?

A) did B) have to

C) had to D) must

3. A: Do you have to go home early?

B: .............................. My father is OK with it.


A) Yes, I have.

B) No, I haven’t.

C) No, I don’t.

D) Yes, I do.

4. A: What ................. we do to protect the environment?

B: We .................. stop using waste oil and perfumes.

Which words complete the dialogue?

A) have to - must

B) should - shouldn’t

C) must - shouldn’t

D) should - must

5. A: What did you have to do when you were at school?

B: I ........................ keep quiet and stand up.


A) must B) have to

C) should D) had to

6. A: What should we do to .................. the natural life?

B: We ................ stop destroying wild animals’

.......................

Which one has got the correct words to fill in the blanks?

A) destroy - should - habitats

B) protect - must- habitats

C) protect - shouldn’t - habitats

D) destroy - should - habitats

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Notes


Why is the environment important?Lesson – 18

“so” ve “because” bağlaç-

larından sonra tam cüm-

le gelmelidir. Bu bağlaçlar

iki cümleyi bağlamak için

kullanılır, devamında isim veya

sıfat getirilemez.

I studied medicine because

my father wanted me to be a

doctor.

because

so

reason

result

Sea animals’ habitats are

in danger,

people pollute the water with

their waste.

People pollute the water with

their waste, sea animals’ habitats are in

danger.

Look at the sentences above. They both tell us that sea animals are in danger and people

pollute waters. (Yukarıdaki cümlelere bakınız. İkisi de bize deniz hayvanlarının tehlikede

olduğunu ve insanların suyu kirlettiğini söylemektedir.)

Bu cümlelerden biri sebep (reason) diğeri sonuç (result) cümlesidir. Bunun sebebi

de farklı bağlaçlarla bağlanmış olmasıdır.

So, cümleye bu yüzden anlamı katar ve kendisinden sonra sonuç olan cümle

getirilir.

Because, cümleye çünkü anlamı katar ve kendisinden sonra sebep olan cümle

getirilir.

Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz.

I had a terrible stomachache, (Çok kötü

karın ağrım vardı.)

so

(bu yüzden)

I didn’t go to school. (Okula

gitmedim.)

I didn’t go to school,

(okula gitmedim)

because

(çünkü)

I had a terrible stomachache. (Çok kötü

karın ağrım vardı.)

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Notes


Why is the environment important?Lesson – 18

so + result

“so” dan sonra sonuç ifadesi gelir

because + reason

“because”dan sonra neden belirten

ifade gelir.

Complete the sentences with so or because. (Cümleleri so veya because kullanarak

tamamlayınız.)

1. Some of the bird species die .......................................... the factories pollute the air.

2. The factories pollute the air .......................................... some of the bird species die.

3. The earth’s temperature increases ......................... the smoke from the factories in-

creases carbon dioxide.

4. The smoke from the factories increases carbon dioxide in the air ........................ the

earth’s temperature increases.

5. Forests are important ........................................... they increase the oxygen in the air.

6. Forests increase the oxygen in the air ................................. they are very important.

Complete the sentences with the words in the box. (Cümleleri kutucuktaki kelimelerle

tamamlayınız.)

have to (x2) because (x3) so (x2) must mustn’t (x2)

1. We ..................... use public transport .................... the carbon dioxide increases the

temperature.

2. Wild animals are important for the balance of the nature ................... we .........................

protect them.

3. We ...................... eat junk food ..................... waste oil pollutes the water.

4. People ..................... cut down trees ........................... they are the source of the oxygen.

5. The energy sources are decreasing ........................... we ............................. use renew-

able energy sources.

because

so

because

so

because

so

must because

have toso

musn’t because

musn’t because

so have to

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Notes


Lesson – 18 Why is the environment important?

Are you

afraid of

being

extinct?

Read the paragraph below. Answer the questions according to the text. (Aşağıdaki

paragrafı okuyunuz. Soruları paragrafa göre cevaplayınız.)

..........................................

There are many reasons for animals’ extinction.

Some animals become extinct because the people

hunt them or destroy their habitats. For example,

some people cut down the trees in rainforests so

the animals in those forests haven’t got enough

space to live.

Some people hunt the animals for their own

pleasure. They want to have luxurious furs for

their coats, scarves or leather for their shoes.

However, some animals become extinct

because the earth’s climate changes. They can’t

find enough food or place to live so they become

weak. They may not adapt to the new climate so

they become extinct.

1. What can be the title of the passage?

................................................................................................................

2. What are the three main reasons for animals’ extinction?

................................................................................................................

3. What is the result of cutting trees in rain forests?

................................................................................................................

4. Why do people hunt animals?

................................................................................................................

5. Why do some animals become weak?

................................................................................................................

Extinct Animals / Why did some animals become extinct? / vb.

1. People hunt them and destroy their habiteets. 2. They cut down the forests or hunt the animals for pleasure. 3. Climate changes

The animals in those forests haven’t got space to live

to make coats, scarces, shoes.

They may not adopk to the climate and find food.

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Notes



“to” ve “for” kelimelerinin ikisi

de “için” anlamına gelmektedir.

Ancak “to” dan sonra fiil “for”

dan sonra isim gelmelidir.

I wear my uniforms to go to

school.

I wear my uniforms for school.

When we talk about the reason for doing something we use “for”. It’s used before

the nouns. Unlike “so” or “because”, we can’t use a full sentence after “for”. (Bir şeyi

yapmamızın nedenini söylerken “for” yani “için” kelimesi kullanılır. “For” isimlerde önce

kullanılır. “so” veya “because” ın aksine, kendisinden sonra tam cümle almaz.)

What should we do for our environment? (Çevremiz için ne yapmalıyız?)

Wild animals are important for the balance of the nature. (Vahşi hayvanlar, doğanın

dengesi için önemlidirler.)

Complete the sentences with “so”, “because” or “ for”. (Cümleleri “so”, “because” veya

“for” ile tamamlayınız.)

1. Forests are important ........................ the oxygen level.

2. People pollute the water ........................... there are a few places for fish to live.

3. They work ....................... an important environment project.

4. We should use renewable sources of energy ....................... other energy sources are

about to finish.

5. This organization protects wild habitats ..................... wild animals’ lives.

6. The earth’s temperature will rise ......................... the climate change will affect every-

where.

for

so

for

because

for

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Notes



“All the flowers of tomorrow are in the

seeds of today.”

Indian Proverb

What can you do to protect the environment? (Siz çevreyi korumak için ne

yapabilirsiniz?)

You can plant your own seed. (Kendi tohumunuzu dikebilirsiniz.)

How? (Nasıl?)

Complete the sentences with one sequencing word and a phrase from the box. (Cüm-

leri bir sıralama sözcüğü ve diğer kutucuktan bir kalıp seçerek tamamlayınız.)

First

Then

Secondly

Finally

Take the seeds and the pot

Plant the seeds in the pot

and cover with soil.

Add water !

Put some soil in the pot.

First, take the seeds and the pot.

Then, plant the seeds in the pot and cover with soil.

Secondly put some sail in the pot.

Finally, add wafer.

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Lesson Test


Why is the environment important?

1. The rainforests are important so ..........................................

..................................................

Which one completes the sentence?

A) they produce oxygen

B) they absorb carbon dioxide

C) we have to protect them

D) we should cut down trees

2. You shouldn’t drink coffee so much ..................... it’s not

good for your health.


A) so B) because

C) and D) first

3. The carbon dioxide in the air is increasing so ..................

..............................................................


A) we have to use public transport

B) the factories release carbon dioxide

C) we should protect our environment

D) we shouldn’t eat junk food

4. Which word is different from others?

A) first B) so

C) then D) finally

5. We should stop polluting the rivers because .....................

...............................


A) the loss of habitats

B) the animals are dying

C) we shouldn’t eat junk food

D) we shouldn’t throw away waste oil

6. The bus is at the bus stop ................. we should hurry up.


A) so B) because

C) and D) then

7. Teacher: Why should we protect wild animals? We

should protect wild animals because ..........

rainforests are

important

they are important

for the balance

we shouldn’t

kill them

we must keep

them safe

Ferhat Alice

Suat Aslı

Which student completes the teacher’s sentence correctly?

A) Aslı B) Suat

C) Ferhat D) Alice

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Quiz


UNIT – 09: ENVIRONMENT

1. Fill in the blanks with “must / mustn’t or have to / has to, don’t have to / doesn’t have to”. (Boşlukları “must / mustn’t

veya have to / has to, don’t have to / doesn’t have to” ile doldurunuz.)

1. We .......................................... stop destroying rainforests because they are important for the balance of the nature.

2. You are on the school way. There are students here. You .......................................... drive fast here.

3. Some sea animals are endangered so we .......................................... stop polluting the waters.

4. Tomorrow is Saturday, so I .......................................... wake up early.

5. I don’t feel very well. I think I will be ill so I .......................................... stay in bed for a few days.

6. Students .......................................... speak loud in the library.

7. My lesson starts at 9 o’clock. I .......................................... be at school before 9 o’clock.

8. She .......................................... bring any food. We have enough for everyone.

9. Look at the traffic sign! You .......................................... wear your seatbelts.

10. We .......................................... throw our rubbish to dustbins not to the ground.

2. Write sentences using “so or because” for the situations given below. Look at the example below. (Verilen durumlara

“so” veya “because” kullanarak uygun cümleler yazınız. Örneği inceleyiniz.)

1. The house is not clean. We must clean it before our mom comes.

The house is not clean so we must clean it before our mom comes.

2. You should brush your teeth. It’s important for your health.

................................................................................................................................................................................

3. We should go shopping. We need some vegetables.

................................................................................................................................................................................

4. The trees are important for the oxygen. We mustn’t cut them down.

................................................................................................................................................................................

5. You shouldn’t water your plant every day. It doesn’t need water so often.

................................................................................................................................................................................

must

musn’t

have to

don’t have to

must

musn’t

have to

doesn’t have to

have to

You should brush your teeth because it’s importat for your health.

because

because

so

musn’t

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Quiz



1. Write sentences for the places given below. Look at the example. (Aşağıda verilen yerler için örnekteki gibi cümleler

kurunuz.)

At School

1. You have to wear uniforms because it is a school rule.

2. You have to listen to your teacher and your friends so you must be quiet.

3. You don’t have to earn money because you are not old enough.

For Environment

1. We must ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................

2. We must ................................................................................... so ...................................................................................

3. We mustn’t ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................

At home

1. We should ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................

2. We must ................................................................................... so ...................................................................................


In the library

1. We have to ................................................................................... because ...................................................................................

2. We must ................................................................................... so ...................................................................................


protect wild animals

keep our room tidy

keep quiet

we can’t study in a messy room.

everybady study there

help our mothers

study quiety

we can clean the table.

we can switch off our phones

eat junk food

eat or drink

harms the environment waste oil

it is forbidden

they’re important for the balance of nature

use the public transport we can take buses to school or to work

cut down rainforests they are habitats to / many a lot of animals

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Quiz Test



1. Teacher: What do we have to do to protect the

environment?

Which student’s answer is not true for the question above?

We have to use

public transport

We must stop

cutting down

trees.

We must use

renewable energy

sources.

We have to eat

junk food.

Asım Feyza

Ömer Sena

A) Asım B) Feyza

C) Sena D) Ömer

2. Which one is not an environmental problem?

A) water pollution

B) global warming

C) climate change

D) forestation

3. A: Do you have to take medicine?

B: ....................... I have to get better.

Which answer completes the dialogue?

A) Yes, I have. B) Yes, I do.

C) No, I haven’t D) No, I don’t.

4. Our World is for all of us. We ......................... protect the

environment and the animals. We ...................................

produce big projects. You can plant just a seed!

Read the paragraph above. Which modals should fill the blanks?

A) have to - must B) should - shouldn’t

C) have to - should D) must - don’t have to

5. Which sentence doesn’t tell any obligation?

A) We have to warn people against global warming.

B) She must study for tomorrow’s exam.

C) They mustn’t throw away waste oil into seas.

D) We don’t have to take action.

6. Which modal verb completes the sentence below?

“They .............................. come for help. It is already

finished.”

A) have to B) should

C) don’t have to D) must

7. Which word is different from others?

A) climate B) pollute

C) threaten D) protect

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Quiz Test



8. Which one completes the sentence below?

“Some of the animal species are in danger because ....

..........................................................................”

A) for example pandas

B) there are many wild animals in zoos

C) people destroy their habitats

D) water pollution

9. We should buy a new table ..................... this one is bro-

ken.


A) so B) because

C) and D) then

10. People .................. seas with their waste ........... the sea

animals are in danger.

Which words complete the dialogue?

A) pollute - so

B) pollution - because

C) pollute - because

D) pollution - so

11. Which one is not used to explain a result or reason?

A) so B) because

C) then D) to

12. Which one is a solution for global warming?

A) green house effect

B) using renewable energy

C) throwing away our waste oil into seas

D) increasing the temperature at our houses

13.

Which sentence is appropriate for the pictures above?

A) Sea animals lose their habitats so they pollute the

rivers.

B) People pollute the rivers and seas because sea

animals lose their habitats.

C) People pollute the rivers and seas so sea animals

lose their habitats.

D) Sea animals lose their habitats because they eat

too much.

14. Which sentence is grammatically correct?

A) He shouldn’t buys so many clothes.

B) She have to be careful.

C) We haven’t to get a new car.

D) He must drink a lot of water.

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Vocabulary List



ENGLISH TURKISH ENGLISH TURKISH

Balance Denge Environment çevre

Climate İklim

Eco-friendly Çevre dostu

Efficient Etkili

Global warming Küresel ısınma

Green house effect Sera etkisi

Increase Artmak

Nature Doğa

Protect Korumak

Pollute Kirletmek

Pollution Kirlilik

Recycle Geri dönüşüm yapmak

Renewable Yenilenebilir

Responsible Sorumlu

Solar Güneş

Wind Rüzgar

Take action harekete geçmek

Temperature Sıcaklık

Threaten Tehdit etmek

Waste Atık

Decrease Azaltmak

Release Salmak

Factory Fabrika

Smoke Duman

Produce Üretmek

Absorb Emmek

Safe Güvenli

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VOCABULARY - isabetyayinlari.com°NGİLİZCE... · lere bakıp kelime ipuçlarını kullanarak tamamlayınız.) must (x4) wild animals public transport have to (2) rainforests balance