Vocabularies of Chapters 35-39Jeffrey

Amy

Una

Enya

Chapter 35 Personal Finance

high Street (Ame: main street)

The main street of a town, where most shops/ stores, banks, etc. are.

Ex: high-street backs/ shops

current account (Ame: checking account) A type of back account that you can take mon

ey out of at any time, and that provides you with a chequebook and cash card– compare DEPOSIT ACCOUNT, SAVING ACCOUNT.

deposit account

A type of account at a bank that pays interest on money that is left in it.

debit card

A card that can be used to take money directly from your bank account when you pay for something.

be in the black

To have money, for example in you bank account.

EX: The company has managed to stay in the black for the year ending December 31.

go into the red

Ex: We have spent too much money, so the company will go into the red this month.

plastic (credit card)

Ex: Buying with plastic is very convenient.

pay off

To finish paying money owed for sth.

Ex: We paid off our mortgage after fifteen years.

mortgage

A legal agreement by which a bank or similar organization lends you money to buy a house, etc., and you pay the money back over a particular number of years.

bank statement

A printed record of all the money paid into and out of a customer’s bank account within a particular period.

building society

(Ame: saving and loan association) An organization like a bank that lends money

to people who want to buy a house. People also save money with a building society.

demutualized

(adj.) To convert to a stockholder-owned corporation.

unit trust (Ame: mutual fond)

A company that offers a service to people by investing their money in various different business.

pension

An amount of money paid regularly by a government or company to sb who is considered to be too old or too ill to work.

Company pension scheme State pension

Chapter 36Financial Centres

financial centre

Is a global city that is a company and business hub, as well as being home to many world famous backs and/or stock exchanges.

Ex: There are several vital financial centres such as London, New York City, Hong Kong, and etc.

speculator

A person who buys and sells goods or shares in a company in the hope of making a profit.

property/ currency speculator

broker

A person who buys and sells things, for example, shares in a business, for other people.

Stockbroker

bourse (French)

A stock exchange, esp. the stock exchange of certain European cities.

Chapter 37Trading

Vocabulary: Index Meaning: A number or symbol indicating an

operation or relationship NASDAQ index can show the operation of hi-

tech in America.

Vocabulary: Turnover Meaning: The volume measured in dollars Starbucks’ turnover continues to rise.

Blue Chip Meaning: The famous companies have many

funds, and it can earn a lot of profit. Microsoft is one of the blue chips in America.

Bull market Meaning: A market characterized by rising

prices for securities The bull market can increase the confidence

of the investor.

Bear Market Meaning: A market characterized by falling

prices for securities Investors sell their shares in bear market.

Panic selling Meaning: Investors sell their shares in bear

market as fast as they can There was panic selling on the New York

Stock Exchange today because of the bear market.

Vocabulary: Rally Meaning: A marked recovery of strength Investors are pessimistic when they know

that there is no sign of a rally.

Chapter 38Indicators 1

Inflation (N.)

ex: The rate of inflation is was 10%(=prices rose by 10%) last year.

Vocabulary

Import (V.) ex: A high inflation rate imports hard times for

consumers. (N.) ex: Electronic products are the major import from

Japan. Export (V.) to send goods out of country for sale ex: We export rice but import wheat. (N.) ex: Wool is one of the chief exports of Australia.

Vocabulary

Trade surplus am amount more than what is needed or used

ex: Japan's trade surplus increased rapidly over the last few years.

Trade deficit am amount by which something is less than what is needed

ex: The directors have reported a deficit of one million.

Vocabulary

GDP= gross domestic product

It is the value of all the goods and services produced in a particular country.

GNP= gross national product

It is also includes payments from abroad, for example, from investments.

Growth is when output in the economy increases. And, the growth rate is the speed at which a company’s economy grows and gets bigger.

Chapter 39Indicators 2

Going Up•Advance raise

The price of houses is advancing.

•Skyrocket to rise abruptly and rapidly; to increase dramatically

Petrol prices are going to skyrocket by a lot.

•Soar the amount, value, level, or volume of something quickly increases by a great deal

The temperature in the south will soar into the hundreds.

•Surge a sudden large increase in something that has previously been steady

Specialists see various reasons for the recent surge in inflation.

Going Down•Axe cut down; put an end to

The budget has been axed by half.

•Ease the state of being very comfortable

The relationship between these two countries has eased.

•Plummet fallen; plumb

This semester sedan sales plummet.

•Slash make drastic economies in

The government has decided to slash taxes.

•Dive steep descent

EURO dives to new lows.

Peaks and Troughs

•Peak a figure reaches its highest level

The crisis peaked in July 1974.

•Trough a figure reaches its lowest level

•American bank shares have risen by 60% since their trough last October.

Boom and Bust

•Stagnation the business or society became inactive or unchanging; used showing disapproval

The stagnation of the steel industry.

•Stagflation an economy is suffering inflation but there is no corresponding increase in demand for goods or in employment

Stagflation can be a harbinger of economic depression.

•Recession the period when the economy of a country is doing badly, for example because industry is producing less and more people are unemployed

His factory closed down during the period of economic recession.