Visualizing Data to Tell Your Story...fascination with data, networks, patterns, and total information … Really, the data is just part of the story. The human stuff is the main stuff,

Visualizing Data to Tell Your Story

November 16, 20162

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UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Data visualization is not new

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_chart#/media/File:Fern%C3%A3o_Vaz_Dourado_1571-1.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Playfair

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http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/21cc/publichealth/sources/source5/mapofleeds.html

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http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/21cc/publichealth/sources/source5/mapofleeds.html

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“… all types of visual representations that support the exploration,

examination, and communication of data.”

Data visualization

-Stephen FewNow You See It: Simple Visualization Techniques for Quantitative Analysis

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“When we represent quantitative information in visual form, our ability to think about it is dramatically enhanced.

Visual representation not only make the patterns, trends, and exceptions in numbers visible and understandable, they also extend the capacity of our

memory.” -Stephen FewNow You See It: Simple Visualization Techniques for Quantitative Analysis

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1. Great visualizations are efficient;2. Visualizations can help groups achieve

more insight into the nature of a problem and discover new understanding; and

3. Great visualizations create a shared view of a situation and align folks on needed actions.


General Benefits of Data Visualization

-John Sviolkla“Swimming in Data?”

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Graphic displays are often very effective at communicating information

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Graphic displays are also often not effective at communicating information

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Survey softwareQualtrics, SurveyMonkey

Free toolsGoogle Forms, Google Analytics

Proprietary toolsPeople counters, LibAnalytics/LibAnswers, ProQuest 360 Core


Tools for collecting library data

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AccessExcelRSASSPSSTableau


Tools for analyzing library data

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Adobe IllustratorChart.jsDatawrapperD3.jsExcelGoogle ChartsPiktochart

RSASSPSSTableauTimeline JS


Tools for visualizing library data

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Tools for visualizing library data

https://helpx.adobe.com/illustrator/using/graphs.html

Adobe Illustrator

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http://www.chartjs.org/

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https://www.datawrapper.de/gallery/

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https://d3js.org/

D3.js

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https://products.office.com/en-us/excel

Excel

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https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/gallery

Google Charts

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https://piktochart.com/

Piktochart

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https://www.r-project.org/

R

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https://support.sas.com/sassamples/graphgallery/

SAS

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https://timeline.knightlab.com/

Timeline

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https://public.tableau.com/en-us/s/gallery/scripps-national-spelling-bee-difficulty/

Tableau

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Stephen FewNow you see it:Simple visualization techniques for quantitative analysis.

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Stephen FewInformation Dashboard Design: Displaying Data for At-A-Glance Monitoring.

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Dona M. WongThe Wall Street Journal Guide to Information Graphics

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Cole NussbaumerKnaflicStorytelling With Data: A Data Visualization Guide for Business Professionals.

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• Know your audience• Provide context and incorporate

instructions• Add interactivity• Apply visual best practices


Best Practices for Designing Effective Visualizations

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Know your audience

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https://public.tableau.com/en-us/s/gallery/endangered-safari

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http://go.osu.edu/GateCount

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Provide context and incorporate instructions

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http://vizcandy.blogspot.ca/p/tableau-8-redoux.html

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https://public.tableau.com/en-us/s/gallery/weekly-news-iron-viz-2015-champion

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Add interactivity

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https://public.tableau.com/en-us/s/gallery/scripps-national-spelling-bee-difficulty

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Apply visual best practices

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• Choose the right chart type for the data and the purpose of the visualization

• Emphasize the most important data• Less is usually better• Limit colors and use color and fonts

consistently• Use space efficiently


What are visual best practices?

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Select an appropriate view for your data

http://blog.darkhorseanalytics.com/salvaging-the-pie

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Pie Chart

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Horizontal vs. Vertical Bar Chart

Example from: http://www.storytellingwithdata.com/blog/2012/10/my-penchant-for-horizontal-bar-graphs

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Horizontal vs. Vertical Bar Chart

Example from: http://www.storytellingwithdata.com/blog/2012/10/my-penchant-for-horizontal-bar-graphs

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Discrete vs. Continuous Dates

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http://go.osu.edu/GateCount

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Small Multiples

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Scatterplots: View Correlations

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Mapping

http://go.osu.edu/REACH-Dashboard

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Word Clouds

http://go.osu.edu/OSUL_HumanTraffickingAwareness

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Tree Maps

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Tree Maps

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_multiple

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Histograms & Box & Whisker Plots

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Histograms & Box & Whisker Plots

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Join & Blend Data

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Data visualization ≠ data narrative

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ContextClarityEmotional connectionEngagement


The data narrative

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“I think people have begun to forget how powerful human stories are, exchanging their sense of empathy for a fetishistic

fascination with data, networks, patterns, and total information … Really,

the data is just part of the story. The human stuff is the main stuff, and the

data should enrich it.”

Storytelling with data

Jonathan Harris, CreatorWe Feel Fine

http://number27.org/wefeelfine

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“An account of a series of events, facts, etc., given in order and with the establishing of connections between

them; a narration, a story, and account.”

Narrative

Oxford English Dictionary

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Design of the data narrative

-Edward Segel and Jeffrey Heer“Narrative visualization: telling stories with data”

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Author-Driven Reader-Driven

Linear ordering of scenes No prescribed ordering

Heavy messaging No messaging

No interactivity Free interactivity


Design of the data narrative


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Visual narrative tactics1. Visual structuring2. Highlighting3. Transition guidance


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Narrative structure tactics1. Ordering2. Interactivity3. Messaging


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Chronicle of Higher Education Where Does Your Freshman Class Come From? http://www.chronicle.com/interactives/where-does-your-freshman-class-come-from#id=inst_204796

Bread for the World InstituteUnmasking Hidden Hungerhttps://public.tableau.com/profile/derek4529#!/vizhome/UnmaskingHiddenHunger_0/TheNewFaceofHunger


Examples

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ProPublicaWorkers Comp Benefits: How Much is a Limb Worth?https://projects.propublica.org/graphics/workers-compensation-benefits-by-limb

Faces of FrackingCalifornia’s Getting Frackedhttp://www.facesoffracking.org/data-visualization/


Examples

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Few, Stephen. 2006. Information Dashboard Design: Displaying Data for At-a-Glance Monitoring. Burlingame, CA: Analytics Press.

Few, Stephen. 2009. Now You See It: Simple Visualization Techniques for Quantitative Analysis. Oakland, CA: Analytics Press.

Friendly, Michael. 2008. “ Brief History of Data Visualization.” In Handbook of Data Visualization, edited by Chun-houh Chen, Wolfgang Härdle, and Antony Unwin, 15-56. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Knaflic, Cole Nussbaumer. 2015. Storytelling With Data: A Data Visualization Guide for Business Professionals. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons.

Playfair, William. 1786. The Commercial and Political Atlas: Representing by Means of Stained Copper-Plate Charts, the Progress of the Commerce, Revenues, Expenditure and Debts of England During the Whole of the Eighteenth Century.


References

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Segel, Edward and Jeffrey Heer. “Narrative Visualization: Telling Stories with Data.” IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 16, no. 6 (2010):1139-1148.

Simon, Phil. 2014. The Visual Organization: Data, Visualization, Big Data, and the Quest for Better Decisions. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley.

Sviolkla, John. 2009. “Swimming in Data? Three Benefits of Visualization.” Harvard Business Review https://hbr.org/2009/12/swimming-in-data-three-benefit

Wong, Dona M. The Wall Street Journal. Guide to Information Graphics: The Dos and Don’ts of Presenting Data, Facts, and Figures. (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., c2010).


References

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QUESTIONS?

Sarah Anne Murphy, MLS, MBA

Coordinator of Assessment & Professor

University Libraries

221C Thompson Library,

1858 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH 43210

614-247-7236 Office

[email protected] u.osu.edu/murphy.465/

Documents

Visualizing Data to Tell Your Story...fascination with data, networks, patterns, and total information … Really, the data is just part of the story. The human stuff is the main stuff,