VIRUS & CELLSVIRUS & CELLS

The Introductory level of Cells and The Introductory level of Cells and VirusesViruses

ByBy

Mr. HulscherMr. Hulscher

OUTLOOK & REVIEW!!!OUTLOOK & REVIEW!!! Understand the function of the cellUnderstand the function of the cell Understand the abilities of a virusUnderstand the abilities of a virus Explain types of viruses and curesExplain types of viruses and cures Explain the two main basic types of Explain the two main basic types of

cellscells Distinguish among the scientistsDistinguish among the scientists Describe organelles of the cell Describe organelles of the cell Relate the difference between plant and Relate the difference between plant and

animal cellsanimal cells

VirusVirusLiving or Non-livingLiving or Non-living

Activedestroy the host cell

Latent"hides"

Days, weeks, or years

Reproduceonly in cells

called host cell

Living

Doesn't adapt Doesn't eat Doesn't grow

Non-living

VirusesViruses No Cure for VirusesNo Cure for Viruses Vaccine prevent the virusVaccine prevent the virus

– Actually dead or weak Actually dead or weak forms of the diseaseforms of the disease

– Edward Jenner (1796) Edward Jenner (1796) discovered vaccine for discovered vaccine for smallpoxsmallpox

Cold sore, cold, AIDS, Cold sore, cold, AIDS, mumps, measles, Chicken mumps, measles, Chicken PoxPox

Gene Therapy finds cure Gene Therapy finds cure for bad gene (sickle cell for bad gene (sickle cell anemia)anemia)

AIDS (HIV)AIDS (HIV)– Attacks the immune Attacks the immune

systemsystem– No CureNo Cure– Die from it?Die from it?

CellsCells(basic unit of a living organism)(basic unit of a living organism)

Carry out the Carry out the functions within the functions within the systemsystem

Nerve, White BC, Nerve, White BC, RBC, muscle, RBC, muscle, epithelial, etc.epithelial, etc.

1000’s of different 1000’s of different types of cellstypes of cells

Main types of CellsMain types of Cells

EukaryoteEukaryote– Multicellular Multicellular

organisms (mainly)organisms (mainly)

– Membrane bound Membrane bound structuresstructures

– All animals (you)All animals (you)

– Most plantsMost plants

ProkaryoteProkaryote– Unicellular Unicellular

organismsorganisms

– No membrane No membrane boundbound

– Example: Example: bacteriabacteria

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS

T. Schwann

Robert Hooke

M. Schleiden

Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS

T. Schwann

Robert Hooke

M. Schleiden

Anton Von Leuowonhook

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS

Discovered the first microscope (simple light microscope 270 X’s)

Compound light microscope - uses more than one lens - mainly used today by us

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS

Discovered the first CELL- 1665

- in cork (dead cells)- named cells for the rooms monks live in

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS

Discovered the first CELL

- in PLANTS- helped with CELL THEORY

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLSTHE DISCOVERY OF CELLS

Discovered the first CELL

- in ANIMALS- helped with CELL THEORY

Cell TheoryCell Theory(as developed by many Scientists)(as developed by many Scientists)

1)1) All organisms are composed of one or All organisms are composed of one or more cellsmore cells

2)2) A cell is a basic unit of organization A cell is a basic unit of organization of all organismsof all organisms

3)3) All cells come from pre-existing cellsAll cells come from pre-existing cells

Cellular ComponentsCellular Components

CytoplasmCytoplasm NucleusNucleus Plasma MePlasma Membranembrane

Assigned tAssigned terms.erms.

NucleolusNucleolus Cell WallCell Wall

ASSIGNED TERMSASSIGNED TERMS

Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER”Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER”

ChromatinChromatin

Explain 3 other types of MicroscopesExplain 3 other types of Microscopes

OrganellesOrganelles

Fluid of the CellFluid of the Cell

The main component of organisms is The main component of organisms is water, this would be the cytoplasm. water, this would be the cytoplasm.

“Brain of the cell”“Brain of the cell”

Contains the blueprints of the Contains the blueprints of the activitiesactivities

““Hard drive or CPU of the computer”Hard drive or CPU of the computer”

“Prison wall”“Prison wall”

Allows Allows certaincertain things in and certain things in and certain things out.things out.

helps to maintain homeostasis helps to maintain homeostasis (balance in the environment)(balance in the environment)

““screen window”screen window”

“Rigid structure or wall”“Rigid structure or wall”

Allows anything in and out.Allows anything in and out.

Found only in plants.Found only in plants.

Contains cellulose.Contains cellulose.

The core of the Nucleus!The core of the Nucleus!

Helps make ribosome's.Helps make ribosome's.

RIBOSOMES - make proteins and RIBOSOMES - make proteins and enzymes with specific functions enzymes with specific functions

according to DNAaccording to DNA

ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT, ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT, STORAGESTORAGE

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum– ““factory” where the work area isfactory” where the work area is

Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus– ““packaging” gets the proteins readypackaging” gets the proteins ready

VacuolesVacuoles– ““storage” enzymes, food, and cell materialsstorage” enzymes, food, and cell materials

LysosomesLysosomes– ““recycler” digests worn out or extra organelles, recycler” digests worn out or extra organelles,

food, and viruses or bacteriafood, and viruses or bacteria

Energy, Structure, & MovementEnergy, Structure, & Movement

MitochondriaMitochondria CytoskeletonCytoskeleton

ChloroplastsChloroplasts Assignment Assignment AA

““POWERHOUSE”POWERHOUSE”

Transforms energy for the cellTransforms energy for the cell

Where the cell gets its energyWhere the cell gets its energy

““GIVES THE SHELL SHAPE”GIVES THE SHELL SHAPE”

Provides shape for the cellProvides shape for the cell““tent poles”tent poles”

Converts light energy into Converts light energy into mechanicalmechanical

Contains chlorophyllContains chlorophyll–CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants

their green colortheir green color

Main Differences between Plants Main Differences between Plants and Animal Cellsand Animal Cells

Cell WallCell Wall (PLANTS)(PLANTS)

VacuolesVacuoles (Big In PLANTS) (Big In PLANTS)

ChromatinChromatin (PLANTS)(PLANTS)– ChlorophyllChlorophyll

Multi-cellular OrganismsMulti-cellular Organisms Cells are grouped into TISSUESCells are grouped into TISSUES

TISSUES are grouped into ORGANSTISSUES are grouped into ORGANS

ORGANS are grouped into ORGAN ORGANS are grouped into ORGAN SYSTEMSYSTEM

ORGAN SYSTEMS are grouped into ORGAN SYSTEMS are grouped into ORGANISMSORGANISMS

The END!!!The END!!!Study, I worked hard on this for Study, I worked hard on this for

YOU!!!YOU!!!