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Virtual Paths Routing: A Highly Dynamic Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Abdulrahman H. Altalhi and Golden G. Richard Computer Science Department University of New Orleans PERCOMW’04. Outline. Introduction Virtual Paths Routing Protocol Overview Basic Protocol Operations - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing: A Highly Dynamic Routing
Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
Abdulrahman H. Altalhi and Golden G. RichardComputer Science Department University of New Orleans
PERCOMW’04
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Outline
Introduction Virtual Paths Routing Protocol
Overview Basic Protocol Operations Virtual Path Creation Path Maintenance
Mobility Simulation Conclusion
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Introduction
DSR protocol Overhead Mobility
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Introduction
ISR protocol Is based on DSR Creates logical flows to route traffic between
nodes The timeout values associated with these
logical flows are constant Regardless of the level of mobility a node is
experiencing
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Goal
Reduce overhead Consider the mobility Maintenance
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolOverview
All the packets are delivered through a particular virtual path Each participating node maintains two virtual routing tables
Primary table <Path Number> <Full Path> <Source Address> <Destination Address> <In-Bound Node Address> <Out-Bound Node Address> <Flag>
Secondary table <Full Path> <Timeout>
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
VPR routing header: <Source address> <Destination address> <Path number>
VPR routing header: <Source address> <Destination address> <Path number>
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolBasic Protocol Operations
S
D
Primary table
Secondary tableS will create a new virtual path
S will create a new virtual path
No valid path is found in both two table
A
Primary table C
End-of-dialog message
Secondary table
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolVirtual Path Creation
Two phase Path Discovery
The source should have a list of all the nodes through which it may reach the destination
Path Set Up Each node on the path will has an entry in its
virtual path routing table (primary table) for the newly created path
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolVirtual Path Creation: Path Discovery
SE
BG
AD
F
C
S
S
S-A
S-B
S-A-C
S-A-E
S-A-E
S-A-E S-A-E-G
S-A-E-F
S-A-C
S-A-C
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolVirtual Path Creation: Path Discovery
Drop the packet and proceed no further Duplicate packet The node IP add. is already on the node list
Send a path discovery reply The node
is the target of this path discovery packet has a valid path to the destination
Rebroadcast the packet The packet is not duplicate packet The node is not on the node list, nor it is the
destination
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolVirtual Path Creation: Path Set Up
When source receive the discovery reply, it Creates an entry in its primary table for the new path Sends its first data packet to set up the path
The VPR header of its data packet Node list <Source Address> <Destination Address> <Path Number>
Each node on the path receives the initial packet Creates an entry for the new path Use the entry to route the packet to the next node
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolPath Maintenance
How to detect the link failure In order to reduce the overhead
Only those nodes on active paths send the HELLO message (IP address)
It considers the link failure When a node fail to receive three consecutive
Hello messages from one of its Out- or In-Bound nodes
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolPath Maintenance: step 1
S
A BD
“temporarily out of service” message
“deactivation” message
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolPath Maintenance: step 2
S
A BD
By check its local cache
1.Find a new path
By check its local cache
1.Find a new path
2.Send a path error 2.Send a path error
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Virtual Paths Routing ProtocolPath Maintenance: step 3
S
A BD
1.Find a new path1.Find a new path
2.Send a path error 2.Send a path error
Initiate the path set up
start the path discovery
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Mobility
MLI = (NED /CNOE) Any node deleted an entry
New TO = CTO –( MLI *(UB-LB) *MAF) Any node did not deleted an entry
New TO = CTO +((UB-LB) *MAF)
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Simulation
ns-2 simulator Transmission rate: 2 Mbps Constant Bit Rate: 5packets/sec Each CBR packet size: 148 bytes Mobility patterns: random waypoint Each round: 500 seconds Different traffic and mobility scenarios: 10
rounds
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Simulation
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Simulation: packet delivery ratio
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Simulation: overhead
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Simulation: average end-to-end delay
Speaker: Ju-Mei Li
Conclusion
Virtual Paths Routing Correct Efficient Highly dynamic route creation Maintenance between mobile nodes Mobility Indicator for the entire network