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Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: The
case of the metropolitan transport system
A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-Castelló
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 1
Institut d’Organització i Control de Sistemes IndustrialsUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 2
Outline
•Introduction•The metropolitan railway transport system• Temporary energy storage elements
•System modelling• Train• Temporary energy storage elements• Chopper• Substations
•The virtual laboratory• Virtual laboratory main window• Speed profile editor• Energy storage element window• Output graphics
•Proposed exercises•Conclusions
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 3
Introduction
The increase in industrial activity, and the improvementof population living standards makes that the EuropeanUnion (EU) increases year by year its energy consumption.
Different strategies are developed to search for alternative energies and to rationalize and optimize the energy consumption.
Temporary energy storage elements can be applied to manage the energy consumption of several systems, such as a metropolitan railway transport system.
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 4
Introduction
In order to disseminate the existing problems in keygeneration, processing and energy management virtual laboratories (VL) can serve as platforms for testing and learning different systems and concepts related with them.
Virtual laboratories:•allow students to construct their own mental model•are cheaper than the hands-on laboratories•allow to compare different scenarios and configurations
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 5
The metropolitan railway transport system
•The energy consumption is not uniform (different and noncoordinate speed profiles).•Substations cannot absorve energy.•Considerable distance between subststations makes that the voltage decays in the catenary due to its impedace.•The electrical energy is usually in a DC form.•The use of energy storage elements allows to reduce energy losses and to improve the energy quality.
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 6
The metropolitan railway transport system
Temporary energy storage elements
Batteries• The most common device for storing
electrical energy.• Main drawbacks: low density of
energy, limited absorption capabilities and low “life expectancy”.
Alternative technologies are being introduced, such as...• Flywheel• Ultracapacitor
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 7
The metropolitan railway transport system
Temporary energy storage elements
Flywheel• Mechanical system which stores kinetic
energy.• Advantages: allows a large number of
charges/discharges cycles.• Cons: an electrical machine is required
Ultracapacitors• Consist of two porous electrodes
immersed in an electrolyte solution.• Advantages: high energy storage density• Cons: high economic cost
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 8
System modeling
The mathematical model used to reproduce the system energy exchange consists in:• The train• Temporary energy storage elements• Chopper• Substations• Catenary
All elements are modelled as a variable current/voltage sources, connected to a variable resistor line.
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 9
System modeling
The train is assumed as a mass with a predefined speed profile.
The train power balance considers a damping effect and the disspated energy in the chopper
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 10
System modeling
The energy storage elements are modeled as
The chopper is a controllable resistive element
Flywheel Ultracapacitor
The substation is considered as a unidirectional voltage source
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 11
System modeling
The equivalent circuit depend on the trains position.
The catenary connects all elements.
The equivalent circuit depends on the trains position.
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation , Palma de Mallorca
12
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems. The case of the metropolitan transport system
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
The virtual laboratory
Configurable System
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 13
The virtual laboratory
Speed profile editor
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 14
The virtual laboratory
Energy storage element window
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 15
The virtual laboratory
Output graphics
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 16
The virtual laboratory
Virtual laboratory main window
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation , Palma de Mallorca
17
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems. The case of the metropolitan transport system
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
The virtual laboratory
Virtual laboratory main window
Virtual Laboratory for the dissemination of energy management systems: A. Escolà, F. Babot, A. Dòria-Cerezo, R. Costa-CastellóThe case of the metropolitan transport system IOC- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
14th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationPalma de Mallorca, September 22-26 ,2009 18
Conclusions
An interactive virtual laboratory which allows the simulation of a energy management system for the metropolitan transportation is presented.
This tool has been developed using the Easy Java Simulations software, which lets you create dynamic models with a graphical interface.
The use of energy storage elements allows a considerable energy saving.