VIII Semester Syll 0219/VIII Sem Final Syllabus.pdfAnalyse the behaviour of non-linear systems and examine the stability criteria of a given control system using various techniques

VIII Semester

Sl. No. Subject Code Subject Credits

Elective - VIII

1 UEC812E Satellite Communication 3.0

2 UEC814E Speech Processing 3.0

3 UEC815E Advance Control Systems 3.0

Elective - IX

4 UEC819E Wireless Sensor Networks 3.0

5 UEC820E Operation Research and Management 3.0

6 UEC821E Optical Fiber Communication 3.0

7 UEC821P Project Phase - II 17.0

Total 23.0

Course Title: Satellite Communication Course Code: UEC812E

Credits:3 Teaching Hours: 40Hrs (10Hrs/Unit)

Contact Hours: 3Hrs/Week

CIE Marks: 50 SEE Marks: 50 Total Marks: 100

Department : Electronics and Communication Engg.

Designation : Elective

Prerequisites : ----

Course Objectives:

1. To understand the basic concept of satellite communication.

2. To get a knowledge about the earth,space segment & calculate the link power budget.

3. To gain knowledge about the satellite multiple access schemes.

4. To gain knowledge about the satellite systems and mobile services.

Course Outcomes:

A student who successfully completes this course should be able to

1. Describe the motion of satellite in the orbit.

2. Describe the concepts of subsystems, link design, rain fading and link availability.

3. Explain modulation techniques and the performance of satellite communication systems

4. Analyze the design requirements and the performance of satellite communication systems.

The topics that enable to meet the above objectives and course outcomes are given below

Unit I (13 hours) Overview of Satellite Systems:Frequency Allocations for Satellite Services. INTELSAT 4, U.S. Domsats

9,Polar Orbiting Satellites 12,Argos System 18, Cospas-Sarsat.

Orbits and Launching Methods: Kepler’s First Law, Kepler’s Second Law, Kepler’s Third Law,

Definitions of Terms for Earth-Orbiting Satellites, Orbital Elements, Apogee and Perigee Heights,Orbit

Perturbations, The subsatellite point , Predicting satellite position, Local Mean Solar Time and Sun-

Synchronous Orbits, Standard Time, Problems.Launches and Launch Vehicles,Expendable Launch

Vehicles (ELVs),Placing Satellites into Geostationary Orbit, Orbital Effects in Communications Systems

Performance,Doppler Shift, Range Variations,Solar Eclipse, Sun Transit Outage.

Unit II (13 hours ) The Geostationary Orbit: Antenna Look Angles, The Polar Mount Antenna, Limits of Visibility, Near

Geostationary Orbits, Earth Eclipse of Satellite, Sun Transit Outage, Launching Orbits, Problems.

Radio Wave Propagation: Atmospheric Losses, Ionospheric Effects, Rain Attenuation, Other Propagation

Impairments

Polarization: Antenna Polarization, Polarization of Satellite Signals, Cross-Polarization Discrimination,

Ionospheric Depolarization, Rain Depolarization, Ice Depolarization.

Unit III (13 hours)

The Space Segment: The Power Supply, Attitude Control, Spinning satellite stabilization, Momentum

wheel stabilization, Station Keeping, Thermal Control, TT&C Subsyste, Transponders, The wideband

receiver, The input demultiplexer, The power amplifier.

Communications Subsystems: Description of the Communications System, Transponders, Satellite

Antennas, Basic Antenna Types and Relationships, Global Beam Antenna, Regional Coverage Antenna,

Satellite Antennas in Practice, Equipment Reliability and Space Qualification, Reliability, Redundancy.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Satellites in Networks: Introduction, Bandwidth, Network Basics, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).

ATM over Satellite, The Internet, Internet Layers, The TCP Link, Satellite Links and TCP, Enhancing

TCP Over Satellite Channels Using Standard, Mechanisms (RFC-2488), Requests for Comments, Split

TCP Connections, Asymmetric Channels

Satellite Mobile and Specialized Services: Introduction, Satellite Mobile Services, VSATs,

Radarsat,Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS), Orbcomm, Iridium.

Reference Books

1) Dennis Roddy, “Satellite Communications”, 4th edition, McGraw-Hill international edition, 2010

2) Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian and Jeremy Allnutt, “Satellite Communications”, 2nd edition,

John Wiley & Sons, 2003.

3) Wilbur L.Pritchard, Hendri G. Synderhoud, RoberA.Nelson, “Satellite Communication System

Engineering”, Prentice Hall, Second edition 1993.

Course Title: Speech Processing Course Code: UEC814E

Credits:3 Teaching Hours: 40 Hrs (10 Hrs/Unit)

Contact Hours: 3 Hrs/Week




Prerequisites : ---

Course Objectives:

1. To understand speech production and perception mechanism along with basic knowledge of

phonetics

2. Knowledge of time-domain representation and analysis tools for speech analysis

3. Knowledge of frequency-domain representation and analysis concepts using Short-time Fourier

analysis tools.

4. Concept of homomorphic analysis along with elementary knowledge of LPC

Course Outcomes:


1. Explain the speech production and perception mechanism

2. Characterize and Analyze speech signals in Time domain

3. Characterize and Analyze speech signals in Frequency domain

4. Analyze signal using homomorphic transformation and LPC


Unit I (10 hours) Introduction: Speech signal, digital speech processing – Introduction, the process of speech production

and classification and basics of phonetics, the acoustic theory of speech production, mechanism of

hearing, digital models for speech – vocal tract, radiation, excitation the complete model.

Unit II (10 hours ) Time domain models for speech processing: Introduction, time dependent processing of speech, short time

energy and average magnitude, short time average zero crossing detectors, speech Vs silence

discrimination, pitch period estimation, short time autocorrelation function, short time average magnitude

difference function.

Unit III (10 hours)

Short time Fourier analysis: Introduction, definitions and properties, spectrographic displays, analysis-by-

synthesis – pitch synchronous spectrum estimation, pole zero analysis, analysis – synthesis systems –

phase vocoder and channel vocoder.

Unit IV (10 hours)

Homomorphic speech processing: Introduction, homomorphic systems for convolution, the complex

cepstrum of speech, pitch detection, formant estimation.

Linear predictive coding of speech: Introduction, basic principle of linear predictive coding,

autocorrelation method, covariance method. Solution of LPC.

Reference Book

1) L. R. Rabiner and R. W. Schafer, “Digital Processing of Speech Signals," Pearson Education

(Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2004.

2) D. O’Shaughnessy, “Speech Communications: Human and Machine,” Universities Press, 2001.

3) B. Gold and N. Morgan, “Speech and Audio Signal Processing: processing and perception of

speech and music’ Pearson Education 2003.

Course Title: Advance Control Systems Course Code: UEC815E






Prerequisites : ---

Course Objectives:

The course is intended to provide the knowledge about

1. Fundamentals of state variable design and analysis.

2. Fundamentals of state space analysis and state transition matrix.

3. Pole placement techniques and various controllers and compensators.

4. Behaviour of non-linear systems and examination of stability criteria.

Course Outcomes:


1. Comprehend the fundamentals of state variable design and analysis.

2. Solve the state equations and state transition matrix.

3. Describe the pole placement techniques and also design and analyse various controllers and

compensators.

4. Analyse the behaviour of non-linear systems and examine the stability criteria of a given control

system using various techniques.


Unit I (13 hours) State Variable Analysis and Design- Introduction, state space representation using physical variable, phase

variable and canonical variables.

Derivation of Transfer Function from State Model- Diagonalization, Eigen values, Eigen vectors,

generalized Eigen vectors.

Unit II (13 hours ) State Space Analysis- Solution of state equation, state transition matrix and its properties, computation

using Laplace transformation, power series method, Clay Hamilton method, concept of controllability and

observability methods

Unit III (13 hours)

Pole Placement Techniques- Stability improvements by state feedback, necessary and sufficient condition

for arbitrary pole placement, state regulator design and design of state observer.

Controllers- Introduction and Design of Proportional (P), Integral (I), Differential (D), PI, PD and PID.

Compensators- Introduction, Lead, Lag and Lag-Lead compensators.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Non-Linear Systems- Introduction, behaviour of non-linear systems, common physical non linearity-

saturation, friction, backlash, dead zone, relay, multivariable non-linearity. Phase plane method, singular

points, stability of non-linear systems, limit cycles, construction of phase trajectories.

Liapunov Stability Criteria – Liapunov function, direct method of liapunov and the linear system, Hurwitz

criterion and Liapunov’s direct method, construction of Liapunov functions for non-linear system by

Krasvskii’s method.

Reference Books

1) M. Gopal, ‘Digital Control and state variable methods’, Fourth edition, THM, 2012.

2) Nagarath and Gopal, ‘Control system engineering’, Fifth edition, New age international Ltd., 2007.

3) NagoorKani, ‘Advanced Control Theory’, Second edition, RBA publications.

4) Katsuhiko Ogata, ‘State space analysis of control systems’, Fifth edition, Prentice Hall Inc., 2000.

5) Benjamin C Kuo and FaridGolnaraghi, ‘Automatic Control Systems’, Eighth edition, John Wiley

and Sons,2003.

6) R V Parvatikar, ‘Modern Control Theory’, Prism books Pvt. Ltd. 2015.

Course Title: Wireless Sensor Networks Course Code: UEC819E






Prerequisites : ---

Course Objectives:

1. To provide an overview about sensor networks and emerging technologies.

2. To study the network architecture of sensor nodes and its execution environment.

3. To understand the routing protocols, naming and addressing in WSN.

4. To learn about topology control and clustering in networks.

5. To study sensor node hardware and software platforms and understand the simulation and

programming techniques.

Course Outcomes:


1. Comprehend sensor networks and emerging technologies.

2. Demonstrate network architecture of sensor nodes and its execution environment.

3. Comprehend the concepts of routing protocols and addressing in WSN.

4. Use software platforms for simulation and programming techniques.


Unit I (10 hours) Overview of Wireless Sensor Networks: Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks, Enabling

Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks.

Unit II (10 hours) Architectures: Single-Node Architecture - Hardware Components, Energy Consumption of Sensor Nodes,

Operating Systems and Execution Environments, Network Architecture -Sensor Network Scenarios,

Optimization Goals and Figures of Merit, Gateway Concepts.

Unit III (10 hours)

Networking Sensors: Physical Layer and Transceiver Design Considerations, MAC Protocols for Wireless

Sensor Networks, Low Duty Cycle Protocols And Wakeup Concepts - S-MAC , The Mediation Device

Protocol, Wakeup Radio Concepts, Address and Name Management, Assignment of MAC Addresses,

Routing Protocols- Energy-Efficient Routing, Geographic Routing.

Unit IV (10 hours)

Infrastructure Establishment: Topology Control, Clustering, Time Synchronization, Localization and

Positioning, Sensor Tasking and Control.

Sensor Network Platforms and Tools: Sensor Node Hardware – Berkeley Motes, Programming

Challenges, Node-level software platforms, Node-level Simulators, State-centric programming.

Reference Books

1) Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, "Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks", John

Wiley, 2005.

2) Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information Processing

Approach", Elsevier, 2007.

3) KazemSohraby, Daniel Minoli, &TaiebZnati, “Wireless Sensor Networks-Technology, Protocols,

And Applications”, John Wiley, 2007.

4) Anna Hac, “Wireless Sensor Network Designs”, John Wiley, 2003.

Course Title: Operation Research and Management Course Code: UEC820E






Prerequisites : ---

Course Objectives:

1. Pursue the study of Operation Research to solve the problems of society and any organization

2. To be a leader of effective decision making

Course Outcomes:


1. Explain the concepts of Operation Research

2. Apply the Principals of linear programming, Integer programming etc.

3. Able to formulate the Operation research models for various needs of society and organization.

4. Able to make effective decisions as a leader.


Unit I (13 hours) Overview of operation research and linear programming Introduction: concept of model, steps of

modeling, important topics of operation research, scope of operation research, operations Research-A Tool

for decision Support System, operation Research-A- Productivity Improvement Tool, Increased output for

the same Input, Decreased Input for the same Output, Increase in the Output is more than Increase in the

Input, Decrease in the Input is more then the Decrease in the Output, Increase in the Output with Decrease

in the Concept of Linear programming model, Product Mix problems, Assumptions in Linear

programming, Properties of Linear programming solution, Development of LP models, Graphical method,

Linear programming Methods, Simplex method, Big M Method, Dual Simplex method, Two-phase-

Method.

Unit II (13 hours ) Transportation and Assignment Problems: Introduction: Mathematical model for transportation problems,

types of transportation problem, balanced transportation problem, Unbalanced transportation problem,

method to solve transportation problem, finding the Initial Basic solution, Optimizing the basic feasible

solution Applying U-V method, transportation mode, transshipment problem with sources and

Destinations Acting as transient Nodes, Transportation problem with Transient Nodes between sources

and destinations, Assignment Problems: Introduction: Zero-One programming model for Assignment

problem, Types of Assignment problem, Hungarian method, Branch –and – Bound Technique for

Assignment problem. Integer programming: Introduction: Integer programming formulations, The cutting

plane Algorithm, Branch and Bound Technique, Zero-one Implicit Enumeration Algorithm, Generalized

0-1 programming problems, Zero-One Implicit Enumeration Technique.

Unit III (13 hours)

Project Management: Introduction, Phases of Project management, Guidelines for network construction,

critical Path method, Grant chart (Time chart), Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) crashing

of project Network, General Guidelines for Network crashing, crashing of project networks with cost

trade-off, Project scheduling with constrained Resources, Resources leveling Technique, Resource

Allocation Technique. Decision Theory: Introduction: Decision under certainty (Deterministic) Decision

under Risk, Expected value combined with variance criterion, Decision under Uncertainty, Laplace

Criterion, Maximum Criterion, Minimax criterion, Savage Minimax Regret Criterion, Hurwicz criterion,

Decision Tree.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Game Theory: Introduction, Terminologies of Game Theory, Game with pure Strategies, Game with

Mixed strategies, Dominance Property, Graphical Method for 2X n or m X2 Games, Liner Programming

Approach for Game Theory, Replacement and Maintenance Analysis: Introduction: types of Maintenance,

Types of Replacement problem, Determination of Economic life of an Asset, Basics of Interest formula,

Examples of Determination of Economic life of an an Asset, Simple Probabilistic models for which

completely fail.

Reference Books

1. P. Pannerselvam, “Operation Research”, PHI Pvt. Ltd second edition 2009

2. A. M. Natarajn, P, Balasubramani, “Operation Research”, Pearson 2005

3. Ravindran, “Operation Research Principals and Practices”, Wiley’s India Ltd, 2007

4. Premkumar Gupta, D.S.Hiva, “Operation Research”, S. Chand Publication.2007

Course Title: Optical Fiber Communication Course Code: UEC821E






Prerequisites : ---

Course Objectives:

1. To understand the basic concepts of optical fiber communication, fiber modes, configurations &

structures, fiber types and the signal degradation factors.

2. To learn the optical sources such as LED & Laser diodes, fiber connectors and different

splicing techniques.

3. To learn the optical detectors such as PIN, APD diodes, receiver operation and configuration.

4. To study analog & digital links.

Course Outcomes:


1. Distinguish between the various modes of operation of optical fibers, and identify the

various causes for signal degradation.

2. Categorize the types of sources of light on basis of physical construction and principle of

operation.

3. Classify the optical detectors on the basis of ability to efficiently detect.

4. Describe the various criteria for digital link system viz. power loss, wavelength to

be considered for point to point link.


Unit I (10 hours) Overview of Optical Fiber Communication: Motivations for light wave communications, advantages of

optical fibers, optical spectral bands, basic principles, fiber modes & configuration, step-index & graded

index structures, fiber materials, fiber fabrication. Signal degradation in optical fibers: Attenuation, signal

distortion in optical waveguides, characteristics of single mode fibers.

Unit II (10 hours) Optical Sources: Characteristics of light sources for communication, LED and LASER diode sources.

Power launching and coupling: Source to fiber power launching, lensing schemes for coupling

improvement, fiber-to-fiber joints, LED coupling to single mode fibers, fiber splicing, optical fiber

connectors.

Unit III (10 hours)

Photo detectors: Physical principles of photo diodes, PIN photodiode, avalanche photo diode. Optical

Receiver Operation: Fundamental receiver operation, digital receiver performance calculation, analog

receivers.

Unit IV (10 hours)

Digital Links: Point-to-point links, power penalties. Analog Links: Overview of analog links, carrier –to-

noise ratio, multichannel transmission techniques, RF over fiber, radio – over –fiber links.

Reference Books

1) Gerd Keiser, Optical Fiber Communications, MGH, 4thedition, 2008.

2) John M. Senior, Optical fiber Communications, Pearson, 2ndedition, 2006.

Course Title: Project Phase - II Course Code: UEC821P

Credits: 17 Teaching Hours: 40 Hrs




Designation : Project Work

Prerequisites : ---

Course Objective:

To give exposure in formulating and implementing Hardware/Software for a specific application

Course Outcome:

Implement a basic Hardware/Software project for a specific application

Evaluated for 50 marks out of which 35 marks are assigned by the concerned guide based on the

qualitative and quantitative assessment of the work done by the candidate and the report submitted by the

candidate. Assessment for remaining 15 marks is done by a department subcommittee consisting of two

senior faculty members and a project co-coordinator based on the presentation and viva-voce.

Consolidated CIE marks (out of 50) are entered by the coordinator/s and signed by the HOD along with

the coordinator/s and the same is sent to the COE.

50% weightage (50 marks) for SEE Project examination which is conducted for 50 marks, with exam

panel consisting of both internal and external examiners along with HOD nominee.

Documents

VIII Semester Syll 0219/VIII Sem Final Syllabus.pdfAnalyse the behaviour of non-linear systems and examine the stability criteria of a given control system using various techniques