View Original · Web viewcorrect, or reassert a consistent interpretation of all indicators, criteria, methodology and tools. Assuming the outputs of the review were a consistent

RAKHINE STATE WASH CLUSTER M&E MONTHLY REPORT

JUNE 2015

Produced by: Rakhine State WASH Sub-ClusterSubject: M&E Data Analysis ReportCreated: June 2015Updated: June 2015Resources: http://www.themimu.info/emergencies/wash-cluster

ContentsIntroduction

Background Context

Summary of Findings

Priorities & Recommendations

Bias & Limitations

Analysis

1.1 The population access sufficient amount of water for drinking and domestic use

1.2 The target population has access to water which has quality according to National Standards

1.3 The target population has access to a household water treatment system & safe storage

method for non-treated or unprotected water source

2.1 The population has access to a functional latrine, and

2.2 The population having access to functional hand washing facilities with soap

2.3 The population benefit from an efficient SWM system

http://www.themimu.info/emergencies/wash-cluster

2.4 The population benefits of an effective drainage system

3.1 target population has prevalence rate of diarrhea for >5yrs and <5yrs

3.2a sample population correctly interpret 3 good hygiene practices

3.2b sample population observed with 3 good hygiene practices

3.2c sample population has knowledge on the key times to wash hands

3.3a sample population of head of households practice effective HH water treatment method

for drinking

3.3b sample population of head of households practice storing water correctly for drinking

3.4 sample household water in storage containers show no faecal contamination or FRC 0.2-

0.5mg/l

3.5a respondents identify a safe place where they always defecate

3.5b excreta observed within the confines of the community

4.1 All TLS have minimum standard child friendly latrines and available water

4.2 segregated and safe access to WASH for disabled

4.3a Women are represented and participate in decisions affecting WASH service delivery

4.3b Safety and dignity through total privacy for men, women and children is provided through

security at latrines

4.3c Safety and dignity for adolescent girls and women are prioritized through private access to

menstrual hygiene facilities

4.3d Safety and dignity for adolescent girls and women are prioritized through private access to

menstrual hygiene disposal facilities

5.1a User groups / committees are effective in maintaining water points facilities

5.1b User groups / committees are effective in maintaining latrines

5.2 Communities are effective in management of water points

5.3 community’s awareness of complaints mechanism

Conclusion(s)/Discussion

Conclusions (priorities/recommendations)

Additional observations

Emerging questions for subsequent Data Analysis Reports

Relevant information / documents

Introduction

Background Context

The Report is a monthly data analysis, and is a part of an M&E Strategy, that allows the Rakhine

WASH Cluster to; provide a more qualitative data collection system to better measure the

impact of the WASH interventions, track over time changes in the situation and evolving need,

identify shortcomings, gaps, and lessons learned for future strategy development, facilitate

upward and downward accountability between stakeholders, humanitarian actors,

beneficiaries, donors, and government, Involve non-WASH actors and other camp focal points

in monitoring the WASH services in order to create better community involvement in

monitoring the situation in the IDP camps and villages.

Each indicator of the M&E strategy is in most part graphically represented in the analysis

section of this report, to include a direct and simple observation of the results, and where

appropriate make reference to the following framing issues

what gaps in service delivery stand out,

what comparisons can be made,

what can cross referencing tell us,

what trends are developing, and,

what performance adjustments have been made.

Summary of Findings

Priorities, recommendations and specific actions to take for infrastructure data collected from

68 sites; (30 camps and 38 villages). Data collected from villages was completed using a

modified and different monitoring framework and criteria than for IDP camps. In this report,

villages are compared with or analyzed alongside IDP camps, where appropriate for gaps in

service delivery.

1. From the reported data, according to the criteria as set out by the WASH Cluster,

measured against SPHERE access requirements, the WASH Cluster as a whole continues

to provide more than sufficient quantities of water for the whole population.

2. The WASH Cluster is providing access to functional latrines for 46% of January 2015 and

75% in June 2015 of the monitored population in Sittwe area and in 5 camps out of 17,

the recorded number of functioning latrines meet SPHERE requirements. This is an

increase of 29% of population access functionality from January to June 2015.

3. In Sittwe 17 IDPs camps, Solid Waste management condition is improved. All of their

scores fall in ineffective and satisfactory category.

4. WASH service deliveries at TLSs have improved gradually. Disabled access measured in

terms of satisfaction, has not improved and still highly unsatisfactory. Menstrual

hygiene management facilities largely do not exist; however, evidence has started to

emerge of individual facilities being made specifically available for private bathing and

disposal of san-pads in one camp.

Priorities & Recommendations

The priorities in order of most significance are;

Latrine new construction and maintenance especially need in Ohn Taw Gyi South and

Phwe Yar Gone camps

Equitable and Safe Access to WASH for children, disabled and women

Proper drainage system especially need in Set Yoe Kya 1 and 2 camps

Recommendations are;

Improve access to functional latrines by improving the condition of the latrines,

specifically ensure superstructures provide privacy and security when being used, and

that parts are replaced such as broken pans, pipe connections, vent pipes and inspection

lids.

Continue to improve access to WASH for children by providing adequate WASH facilities

for children at TLSs, specifically a minimum of one latrine for girls and one latrine for

boys to cover learning shifts for up to 80 children at a time.

Consider adolescent girls and women’s hygiene in future programming.

New relocation sites need household latrines.

Spare parts for the ceramic water filter need to be replaced.

There is a gap of WASH focal agencies in Mrauk-U and Minbya townships since January

2015 up to present.

Locally appropriate village approach is needed to be applied outside Sittwe townships

especially in relocation places.

Solar lamps were installed in latrine area of some camps, so children and women have

safety access to latrines at night time.

Bias and Limitations

From September 2014, the same content and methodology was used during all training of

CCCM partners involved in collecting data. The training was facilitated separately to each

partner. An updated solid waste management methodology and tool was introduced during

training to better measure levels of litter waste. In general, the tool comprises the scoring of

litter seen throughout several different areas of the camp or village.

In October 2014, some interpretation of one of the five criteria for latrine functionality was

found to be inconsistent with other known interpretations of the same criteria. Specifically, this

related to the inspection of the latrine using the latrine inspection tool, which asks the field

inspector to assess whether,…[the],

“LATRINE IS NOT FULL AND OVERFLOWING AT THE PAN AND/OR THE SEPTIC TANK (Y/N)”

The interpretation of this can be ambiguous, as in when reporting ‘Y’, it can imply that, “Yes

there is not a problem”, or when reporting ‘N’, it can imply that, “No, there is not a problem”.

For the reporting of October onwards, field monitor’s interpretation of the data was double-

checked, but there was enough sufficient error potential to dismiss the latrine data in whole as

unreliable at that time, but still provided enough evidence to raise latrine standards as being a

significant issue.

To ensure more reliable consistency in November’s monitoring, a ‘review’ workshop was held

for all field monitors from the different CCCM partners at the same venue and same time, to

correct, or reassert a consistent interpretation of all indicators, criteria, methodology and tools.

Assuming the outputs of the review were a consistent understanding and interpretation of the

tools and reporting, the field monitors responsible for collecting raw data, then had to re-state

those interpretations to IDP volunteers involved in the collection of data. To this end,

November’s raw data was considered to provide the best snapshot of infrastructure data so far,

and no further reviews have taken place since November. Some infrastructure inspection

sample sizes are occasionally smaller or larger than stipulated by the methodology. Plus / minus

variations in results between October and November were attributed to this factor. When

comparing present data against previous month’s data, there are often small percentage

differences of approximately 1%.

Analysis was taken in November for the first time from the DFID consortium KAP Survey data

from mid-2014. The data from the KAP survey was interpreted to the methodology specific to

WASH M&E Cluster indicators, not as per the DFID consortium methodology for data analysis.

Where this data is used in this report and subsequent reports to cross reference with other

indicators, the raw data is to be considered data from mid-2014, until a new KAP Survey or

hygiene monitoring tool is introduced.

Water quality data and diarrhea tracking data was reported in full for January’s monthly report.

AnalysisTownships Summary of WASH Conditions in villages

Kyauk Phyu Kyauk Taw Minbya Mrauk-U Ponna Gyun Rathedaung Sittwe10 Villages 6 Villages 5 Villages 3 Villages 7 Villages 19 Villages 9 Villages

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

100%

39%

60%

19%

100%

35%39%

21%

6%11% 8% 7%

42%

31%

88%

25%

13%

0%

100%

25% 29%

% of population coverage function water points% of Pop Covarage of functioning Latrine% of Learning institute meeting full WASH criteria for children's access

The average coverage of water points in each township does not meet 100% except in Kyauk

Phyu and Ponna Gyun Townships. Water coverage of those townships were updated only for

June, so the water coverage of these two townships show 100%. Out of the Sittwe area, most of

the water points are ponds and the criteria of pond is that one pond can cover for 500

population.

The coverage of functioning latrines in villages is less than 50% in all townships.

In 13 villages in Rathedaung and Ponna Gyun townships, CLTS approach has been implemented

by IRC and the project targets 100% of households in the end of their project. So the latrine

coverage of Ponna Gyun and Rathedaung townships was still low. In other townships, latrine

construction was supported by WASH agencies.

WASH coverage of learning institutes in Mrauk_U has been 0%, those in Kyauk Taw, Minbya,

Rathedaung and Sittwe townships has been lower than 50%, Kyauk Phyu has reached to 88 % in

June and Ponna Gyun township meets 100%. LWF and PLAN are starting to implement WASH

facilities at learning institutes in Mrauk-U and Minbya townships. When they finish their

activities, the coverage of WASH facilities in learning institutes will increase.

Kyauk Phyu Kyauk Taw Minbya Mrauk-U Ponna Gyun Rathedaung Sittwe0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0%

39%

74%

29%

0%

30%36%

100%

0% 0% 0%

100%

37% 43%

% of Population Coverage Functioning Water Points

Water Coverage Muslim Water Coverage Rakhine

0% of water coverage in both communities means no implementation of water points

renovation or new construction.

Kyauk Phyu Kyauk Taw Minbya Mrauk-U Ponna Gyun Rathedaung Sittwe0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%

0%

6%11%

6%0%

44%

19%21%

0% 0%

14%

7%

41%44%

% of Population Coverage Functioning Latrines

Latrine Coverage Muslim Latrine Coverage Rakhine

0% of latrine coverage in both communities means no implementation of sanitation

activities. Latrine coverage in all townships is less than 50%.

Kyauk Phyu Kyauk Taw Minbya Mrauk-U Ponna Gyun Rathedaung Sittwe0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0%

25%13%

0% 0%

33%25%

88%

0% 0% 0%

100%

20%

33%

% of Learning Institute (LI) meeting full WASH criteria for children's access

LI Coverage Muslim LI Coverage Rakhine

WASH Conditions in Camps

1.1 The total required water supply is functional allowing the population to access to 15 liters /person/day for the total population

Sittwe IDPs Camps

The access for functioning water point’s water supply in Sittwe Townships IDP camps has

consistently been reported as meet 100% cover of the population according to the cluster M&E

standard in May 2015, and access is not considered as a problem in the Sittwe area.

1.1 The total required water supply is functional allowing the population to access to 15 liters /person/day for the total population

Other Townships IDPs Camps

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Htoe

Tan

Chai

t Tau

ng -

Tha

Dar

Kan

Thar

Htw

at W

a

Kyau

k Ta

Lone

Kyei

n Ni

Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar G

yi K

win

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set Y

one

Maw

Sin

Tet M

aw(ID

P in

She

lter)

Taun

g Pa

w

War

d 6

Yai-T

hei-T

hi K

yar

% of population coverage function water points

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

JanFebMarAprMayJune

In the camps outside Sittwe area, water availability is not mainly focused on the quality of

water and mainly on the access of water. The methodology was modified for the ponds and

wells, and it mainly measures whether the water supply is covered for the whole village or not.

1.2 The target population has access to water which has quality according to National StandardsOctober to December 2014 - % of sample per site with 0 FC

A Nau

k Yw

e

Ah Hte

t Nan

Yar

Basar

a

Baw D

u Pha

Villag

e

Chut Pyin

Dar

Pai

ng Vill

age

Doe

Wai

Chau

ng

Koe Tan

Kau

k

Nge

t Chau

ng

Sin T

et M

aw (R

akhin

e)

Sin T

et M

aw(I

DP in

Shel

ter)

Thea C

haung

Villag

e_M

Thet K

el P

yin

Zaw P

u Gyar

0.0 %

10.0 %

20.0 %

30.0 %

40.0 %

50.0 %

2014 Data

In approximately half of the sites where FC presence in raw water sources is measured, none of

the sources reaches national standards. In the remaining sites, between 8% to 43% of the

samples tested achieve the national standard.

1.3 The target population has access to a household water treatment system & safe storage method for non-treated or unprotected water sourcesOctober to December 2014 - % of sample HH per site with households using treatment system

Ah Du

Ah Hte

t Nan

Yar

Auk Nan

Yar

Aung Zay

Gone

Be Lar

Mi

Chut Pyin

Doe Wai

Chau

ng

Ni Lin

Paw

Padau

k Myai

ng

Pauk P

in Y

in

Pyaing T

aung

Sa P

ho Gyun

Than D

u0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

2014 Data

2014 Data

Although recent distributions of CWF had occurred in the villages where sample households

were inspected, there were significant numbers of households not using them for varying

reasons, i.e. broken, not received during distribution, etc.

2.1 The total required functional latrines are available for men, women and children

Sittwe IDPs Camps - % of Population coverage of functioning latrine (according to SPHERE

access)

In Sittwe IDPs camps, latrines are reported to be enough for the IDP population according to

the SPHERE standard but most of them are not functioning due to maintenance issues. Most of

non-functioning latrines either do not have vent pipes, broken connection pipes, missing

inspection lids and unsafe flooring. The average access to functional latrines for each camp in 6

months is shown below:

Basa

ra

Baw

Du P

ha

Dar P

ai

Kaun

g Dok

e Kha

r 1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kaun

g Dok

e Kha

r 2 (H

mans

i)

Maw

Ti N

gar (

TKP w

est)

Ohn T

aw Ch

ay

Ohn T

aw G

yi No

rth

Ohn T

aw G

yi So

uth

Phwe

Yar G

one

Sat R

oe Ky

a 1

Sat R

oe Ky

a 2

Say T

ha M

ar G

yi

Set Y

one S

u 1

Set Y

one S

u 3

Thea

Chau

ng

Thet

Kel P

yin (I

DP in

shelt

er)

% of Pop Covarage of functioning Latrine

0%20%40%60%80%

100%

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June

During 6 months, Ohn Taw Gyi South and Phwe Yar Gone camps, the population coverage of

latrine is less than 50%. So the agencies should focus on the access latrine.

Basa

ra

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar

Pai

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

2 (H

man

si)

Maw

Ti N

gar (

TKP

wes

t)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r Gon

e

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

Thea

Cha

ung

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (I

DP

in s

helte

r)


0%20%40%60%80%

100%120%

Average Jan'15 to May'15 Average Jan'15 to June'15

In Sittwe township, there are 3 camps in which 100% of the camp population meets functioning

latrines within 6 months from January to June 2015. The camp population meets less than 50%

of the functioning latrines in 6 camps and in the rest camps, the population coverage of

functioning latrines is over 50%. In 11 camps, latrine coverage increases in June.

2.1 The total required functional latrines are available for men, women and children

Other Townships IDPs Camps - % of Population coverage of functioning latrine (according to

SPHERE access)

In June, WASH agencies in other townships two IDP camps only updated the coverage of

latrine.

Chai

t Ta

un

g -

San

Hto

e Ta

n

Cha

it T

aun

g - T

ha

Dar

Kan

Th

ar H

twat

Wa

Kyau

k Ta

Lo

ne

Kyei

n N

i Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar

Gyi

Kw

in

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set

Yon

e M

aw

Sin

Tet

Maw

(ID

P in

Sh

elte

r)

Tau

ng P

aw

War

d 6

Yai-

Thei

-Th

i Kya

r


0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


In townships out of Sittwe area, there is only one camp in which 100% of the camp population

meets functioning latrines in June 2015. In another one camp, over 50% of the camp population

meets functioning latrines and in the rest camps, less than 50% of the camp population meets

functioning latrines. According to the Government relocation in outside Sittwe area, the

Government is starting to construct the individual shelters and the community will need

individual latrines but the Government has no plan to support the WASH facilities.

2.2 The target population has access to hand washing facilities with water with soapSittwe IDPs Camps

Bas

ara

Baw

Du

Ph

a

Dar

Pai

Kau

ng

Do

ke K

har

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kau

ng

Do

ke K

har

2 (

Hm

ansi

)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TK

P w

est)

Oh

n T

aw C

hay

Oh

n T

aw G

yi N

ort

h

Oh

n T

aw G

yi S

ou

th

Ph

we

Yar

Go

ne

Sat

Ro

e K

ya 1

Sat

Ro

e K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set

Yon

e Su

1

Set

Yon

e Su

3

Thea

Ch

aun

g

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (

IDP

in s

hel

ter)

% of Pop Covarage Latrine with hand washing points

0%20%40%60%80%

100%


There are 3 camps out of 17 in Sittwe township which have 100% of the population access to

hand washing facilities in June 2015. In another 3 camps, population coverage of latrines with

hand washing facilities is more than 50% and in all the rest camp, that is less than 50% in June

2015. Although there is no public functioning hand washing facilities near the latrines in the

camps, some of the community has hand washing practice in their shelters.

2.2 The target population has access to hand wash facilities with water with soapOther Townships IDPs Camps

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Htoe

Tan

Chai

t Tau

ng -

Tha

Dar

Kan

Thar

Htw

at W

a

Kyau

k Ta

Lone

Kyei

n Ni

Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar G

yi K

win

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set Y

one

Maw

Sin

Tet M

aw(ID

P in

She

lter)

Taun

g Pa

w

War

d 6

Yai-T

hei-T

hi K

yar

% of Pop Covarage Latrine with hand washing points

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


The functioning hand washing facilities in out of Sittwe area are very low; only 5 camps have

the hand washing facilities.

2.3 The target population has access to an effective SWM systemSittwe IDPs Camps - Effective Waste Management System scoring 0,5,10,15 in IDP camps

Bas

ara

Baw

Du

Ph

a

Dar

Pai

Kau

ng

Do

ke K

har

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kau

ng

Do

ke K

har

2 (

Hm

ansi

)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TK

P w

est)

Oh

n T

aw C

hay

Oh

n T

aw G

yi N

ort

h

Oh

n T

aw G

yi S

ou

th

Ph

we

Yar

Go

ne

Sat

Ro

e K

ya 1

Sat

Ro

e K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set

Yon

e Su

1

Set

Yon

e Su

3

Thea

Ch

aun

g

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (

IDP

in s

hel

ter)

2.3 Condition Result (0 = Excellent, 35< Effective,70< Satisfactory, 70 < Inef -fective)

0

20

40

60

80


Only 5 camps out of 17 reported effective SWM (scored <35), only one camps is ineffective

SWM (scored > 70), and the remaining camps fell in the ‘satisfactory SWM’ category (scored

>35 <70). Ohn Taw Chay camp scored more than 70 (Ineffective condition) in February and

May. There is no camp that scores “0” (Excellent condition) during the 6 months period from

January to June 2015.

2.3 The target population has access to an effective SWM systemOther Townships IDPs Camps - Effective Waste Management System scoring 0,5,10,15 in IDP Camps

Ch

ait

Tau

ng

- Sa

n H

toe

Tan

Ch

ait

Tau

ng

- Th

a D

ar

Kan

Th

ar H

twat

Wa

Kya

uk

Ta L

on

e

Kye

in N

i Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Ph

a Ya

r G

yi K

win

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set

Yon

e M

aw

Sin

Tet

Maw

(ID

P in

Sh

elte

r)

Tau

ng

Paw

War

d 6

Yai-

Thei

-Th

i Kya

r

2.3 Condition Result (0 = Excellent, 35< Effective,70< Satisfactory, 70 < Ineffective)

010203040506070


Solid waste management is satisfactory or effective in camps outside of Sittwe. Only two camps was updated in June.

2.4 The target population benefits from an efficient drainage in the site

Only two camps in Sittwe area, Thet Kel Pyin and Maw Ti Nyar camps, have no drainage issue.

The rest camps have drainage issues.

3.1 Self-reported diarrhea is reduced for >5yrs and >5yrs

Weekly Prevalence from three Partners - total of 13 sites

% reduction / increase <5s

Bas

ara

Baw

Du

Pha

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Hto

e T

anCh

ait T

aung

- T

ha D

arD

ar P

aiK

an T

har

Htw

at W

aK

aung

Dok

e K

har

1(ex

cl.H

man

zi)

Kau

ng D

oke

Kha

r 2

(Hm

ansi

)K

yauk

Ta

Lone

K

yein

Ni P

yin

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TK

P w

est)

Ni D

inO

hn T

aw C

hay

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

thO

hn T

aw G

yi S

outh

Pha

Yar

Gyi

Kw

in

Phw

e Ya

r G

one

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

eSa

t Roe

Kya

1Sa

t Roe

Kya

2Sa

y T

ha M

ar G

yiSe

t Yon

e M

awSe

t Yon

e Su

1Se

t Yon

e Su

3Si

n T

et M

aw(I

DP

in S

helt

er)

Tau

ng P

awT

hea

Chau

ng

The

t Kel

Pyi

n (I

DP

in s

helt

er)

War

d 6

Yai-

The

i-T

hi K

yar

Diarrhoea tracking of <5 yrs

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

MayAprMarFebJan

% reduction / increase >5s

Bas

ara

Baw

Du

Ph

a

Ch

ait

Tau

ng

- Sa

n H

toe

Tan

Ch

ait

Tau

ng

- T

ha

Dar

Dar

Pai

Kan

Th

ar H

twat

Wa

Kau

ng

Do

ke

Kh

ar 1

(exc

l.H

man

zi)

Kau

ng

Do

ke

Kh

ar 2

(H

man

si)

Ky

auk

Ta

Lo

ne

Ky

ein

Ni

Py

in

Maw

Ti

Nga

r (T

KP

wes

t)

Ni

Din

Oh

n T

aw C

hay

Oh

n T

aw G

yi

No

rth

Oh

n T

aw G

yi

Sou

th

Ph

a Y

ar G

yi

Kw

in

Ph

we

Yar

Go

ne

Raw

Ma

Ni

Sin

Oe

Sat

Ro

e K

ya

1

Sat

Ro

e K

ya

2

Say

Th

a M

ar G

yi

Set

Yo

ne

Maw

Set

Yo

ne

Su 1

Set

Yo

ne

Su 3

Sin

Tet

Maw

(ID

P i

n S

hel

ter)

Tau

ng

Paw

Th

ea C

hau

ng

Th

et K

el P

yin

(ID

P i

n s

hel

ter)

War

d 6

Yai

-Th

ei-T

hi

Ky

ar

Diarrhoea tracking of >5 yrs

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

MayAprMarFebJan

The tracking of reported diarrhea shows from January to June 2015, diarrhea prevalence data

from WASH partners.*MICS (multi-indicator survey) 2009-2010, showed the national average prevalence rate for Myanmar is 6.7%. Rhakine State

average prevalence rate showed as 8%.

3.2a Men, women and children (>7yrs) have basic knowledge of diarrheal disease

transmission and prevention

3.2b good hygiene is practiced and observed in all households

3.2c Men, women and children have knowledge on key times for washing hands

3.3a All adults practice treatment of water to reduce contamination

3.3bAll adults practice protection of treated water to prevent contamination.

Hygiene behaviour change indicators derived from KAP surveys 2014, from 24 sites

Ah lar T

han

Aung Dai

ng

Basar

a

Baw D

u Pha

Baw D

u Pha V

illag

e

Dar P

ai

Dar P

aing V

illag

e

Daung P

yauk K

ay

Kyauk T

a Lone

Me l

a zi K

one

Nga/ P

un Yw

ar G

yi

Nga/ P

un Yw

ar Sh

ey

Ohn Taw

Gyi N

orth

Ohn Taw

Gyi S

outh

Pha Yar

Gyi K

win

Say T

ha Mar

Gyi

Thea C

haung

Thea C

haung V

illag

e_M

Thea C

haung V

illag

e_R

Thet K

el P

yin

Thet K

el P

yin (I

DP in sh

elte

r)

Thin P

one Tan

War

d 6

Zaw P

u Gyar

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

3.2a 3.2b 3.2c 3.3a 3.3b

From KAP Survey data in mid-2014, basic knowledge of transmission and prevention is lower

than the target as set out in the M&E strategy. The Sittwe camps and villages tend to show

higher observed good hygiene practice in households, and approximately half of men, women

and children know the key times for washing hands.

The practice of treatment of water in Sittwe villages and camps is shown to be much lower than

in Kyauk Phyu and Ramree. Protection of drinking storage water is above 80% in IDP camps, and

63% in Sittwe villages.

3.4 the water quality of household drinking storage has no faecal contamination

October to December 2014 - % of sample HH per site with 0 FC

Not recorded for May 2015

3.5a % of Population coverage latrine usage

Taken from KAP Survey 2014

Ah lar T

han

Aung Dai

ng

Basar

a

Baw D

u Pha

Baw D

u Pha V

illag

e

Dar P

ai

Dar Pai

ng Vill

age

Kyauk T

a Lone

Me l

a zi K

one

Nga/ P

un Yw

ar G

yi

Nga/ P

un Yw

ar Sh

ey

Ohn Taw

Gyi N

orth

Ohn Taw

Gyi S

outh

Pha Yar

Gyi K

win

Say T

ha Mar

Gyi

Thea C

haung

Thea C

haung V

illag

e_M

Thea C

haung V

illag

e_R

Thet K

el P

yin

Thet K

el P

yin (I

DP in sh

elte

r)

Thin P

one Tan

War

d 6

Zaw P

u Gyar

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

% of Population coverage latrine usage

% of Population coverage latrine usage

3.5b the community has minimized open defecation.

Sittwe IDPs Camps - # of shit observed in the open

Bas

ara

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar

Pai

Kau

ng D

oke

Kha

r 1(

excl

.Hm

anzi

)

Kau

ng D

oke

Kha

r 2

(Hm

ansi

)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TK

P w

est)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r G

one

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

The

a Ch

aung

The

t Kel

Pyi

n (I

DP

in s

helt

er)

3.5b # of shit observed in targetted sample area

04080

120160200


In this month, 7 IDP camps in Sittwe township reported “0” open defecation, so there are 5 IDP

locations in Sittwe area that are open defecation free from January to June 2015. The number

of open defecation is high in Phwe Yar Gone camp because the sample area is also wide and

need to get accurate information for the sample area.

3.5b the community has minimized open defecation.

Other Townships IDPs Camps - # of shit observed in the open

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Hto

e T

an

Chai

t Tau

ng -

Tha

Dar

Kan

Tha

r H

twat

Wa

Kya

uk T

a Lo

ne

Kye

in N

i Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar

Gyi

Kw

in

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set Y

one

Maw

Sin

Tet

Maw

(ID

P in

She

lter

)

Tau

ng P

aw

War

d 6

Yai-

The

i-T

hi K

yar

3.5b # of shit observed in targetted sample area

05

101520253035


Only two camps reported data of open defecation for this month and both of these camps are

“0” OD. There are 3 IDP locations outside of Sittwe area that are open defecation free in

consecutive 3 months. The number of open defecation is high in Kyein Ni Pyin camp, Pauk Taw

township.

4.1 Total TLS with child friendly latrines and water points

Sittwe IDPs Camps - % of children access to TLS WASH services

Basa

ra

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar P

ai

Kaun

g Do

ke K

har 1

(exc

l.Hm

anzi)

Kaun

g Do

ke K

har 2

(Hm

ansi)

Maw

Ti N

gar (

TKP

wes

t)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r Gon

e

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

Thea

Cha

ung

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (ID

P in

shel

ter)

TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS3 12 6 4 4 1 6 13 4 2 1 1 8 0 0 5 6

4.1 # of TLS meeting full WASH criteria for children's access

0%20%40%60%80%

100%


TLS in 7 IDPs camps of Sittwe area have 100 % access to WASH services in June 2015. TLS in Dar

Pai, Set Yoe Kya 1 and 2 camps do not meet the criteria of water and sanitation facilities from

January to June 2015. There is no TLS in Set Yone Su 1 and 3 camps, so the percentage of WASH

coverage in TLS is 0%.

4.1 Total TLS with child friendly latrines and water points

Other Townships IDPs Camps % of children access to TLS WASH services

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Htoe

Tan

Chai

t Tau

ng -

Tha

Dar

Kan

Thar

Htw

at W

a

Kyau

k Ta

Lone

Kyei

n Ni

Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar G

yi K

win

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set Y

one

Maw

Sin

Tet M

aw(ID

P in

She

lter)

Taun

g Pa

w

War

d 6

Yai-T

hei-T

hi K

yar

TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS TLS1 2 0 1 4 2 0 1 1 2 6 1 1

4.1 # of TLS meeting full WASH criteria for children's access

0%20%40%60%80%

100%


TLSs in 12 camps of outside Sittwe area meet 100% WASH facilities in June 2015. There is

only one camp that does not have TLS at all, so the percentage of WASH coverage in TLS is

0%.

4.2 unique needs are addressed for persons with physical disability for access to specific

WASH

Sittwe IDP Camps -% of sample disable interviewees satisfied with WASH access

Basa

ra

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar

Pai

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

2 (H

man

si)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TKP

wes

t)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r G

one

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

Thea

Cha

ung

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (ID

P in

she

lter)

% of physical disable persons interviewees satisfied their WASH facilities

0%20%40%60%80%

100%


Disable person interview was done in only 3 camps for this month. In Khaung Doke Khar 2 camps, 3 disable persons was interviewed and all are satisfied.


Sittwe IDPs Camps - % of women attending, initiating and responding in WASH meetings

Basa

ra

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar

Pai

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

2 (H

man

si)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TKP

wes

t)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r G

one

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

Thea

Cha

ung

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (ID

P in

she

lter)

% of female present

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%


0% of female present in 7 camps means there is no female member in WASH committee. The remaining camps have represented female members in WASH committees, but their initiatives and responses of WASH issues were still low.

Basa

ra

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar

Pai

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

2 (H

man

si)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TKP

wes

t)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r G

one

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

Thea

Cha

ung

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (ID

P in

she

lter)

% of Female initiated WASH issue

0%50%

100%150%200%250%


Basa

ra

Baw

Du

Pha

Dar

Pai

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

1(e

xcl.H

man

zi)

Kaun

g D

oke

Khar

2 (H

man

si)

Maw

Ti N

gar

(TKP

wes

t)

Ohn

Taw

Cha

y

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Nor

th

Ohn

Taw

Gyi

Sou

th

Phw

e Ya

r G

one

Sat R

oe K

ya 1

Sat R

oe K

ya 2

Say

Tha

Mar

Gyi

Set Y

one

Su 1

Set Y

one

Su 3

Thea

Cha

ung

Thet

Kel

Pyi

n (ID

P in

she

lter)

% of Female response

0%20%40%60%80%

100%



Other Township IDP Camps - % of women represented in Camp, WASH, NGO group /

committees

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Hto

e Ta

n

Chai

t Tau

ng -

Tha

Dar

Kan

Thar

Htw

at W

a

Kyau

k Ta

Lon

e

Kyei

n N

i Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar

Gyi

Kw

in

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set Y

one

Maw

Sin

Tet M

aw(ID

P in

She

lter)

Taun

g Pa

w

War

d 6

Yai-T

hei-T

hi K

yar

% of female present

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


Participation is not measured in villages, and only representation is measured through

reported numbers of women from government administration, user groups and NGO

volunteers.

4.3b Safety and dignity through total privacy for men, women and children is provided

through security at latrines

Sittwe IDPs Camps - % of latrines that provide total privacy and internal locking

Bas

ara

Baw

Du

Ph

a

Dar

Pai

Kau

ng

Do

ke

Kh

ar 1

(exc

l.H

man

zi)

Kau

ng

Do

ke

Kh

ar 2

(H

man

si)

Maw

Ti

Nga

r (T

KP

wes

t)

Oh

n T

aw C

hay

Oh

n T

aw G

yi

No

rth

Oh

n T

aw G

yi

Sou

th

Ph

we

Yar

Go

ne

Sat

Ro

e K

ya

1

Sat

Ro

e K

ya

2

Say

Th

a M

ar G

yi

Set

Yo

ne

Su 1

Set

Yo

ne

Su 3

Th

ea C

hau

ng

Th

et K

el P

yin

(ID

P i

n s

hel

ter)

% of Pop Covarage Latrine privacy for user

0%20%40%60%80%

100%


100% of the population in 8 camps of Sittwe area have access to the secure and private latrines,

more than 50% of the population in 4 camps have access to secure and private latrines and less

than 50% of the population in the rest 5 camps have access to secure and private latrines in

June 2015. The main reason for the unsecure latrines is unable to lock inside.

4.3b Safety and dignity through total privacy for men, women and children is provided

through security at latrines

Other Townships IDPs Camps - % of latrines that provided total privacy and internal locking

Chai

t Tau

ng -

San

Htoe

Tan

Chai

t Tau

ng -

Tha

Dar

Kan

Thar

Htw

at W

a

Kyau

k Ta

Lone

Kyei

n Ni

Pyi

n

Ni D

in

Pha

Yar G

yi K

win

Raw

Ma

Ni S

in O

e

Set Y

one

Maw

Sin

Tet M

aw(ID

P in

She

lter)

Taun

g Pa

w

War

d 6

Yai-T

hei-T

hi K

yar

% of Pop Covarage Latrine privacy for user

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


There is only one camp outside Sittwe area in which the camp population has 100% access to

private and secure latrines in June 2015. There is an inconsistent provision of privacy and

security provided at latrines in IDP camps outside of Sittwe. The data of private and secure

latrines was collected in only two camps for this month.

4.3c Safety and dignity for adolescent girls and women are prioritized through private access

to menstrual hygiene facilities

Sittwe IDP Camps - adolescent girls and women have access to private bathing, appropriate

laundry (if no sanitary pads available) and appropriate disposal/ private drying facilities.

Individual bathing facilities were constructed by the WASH agencies in some camps of Sittwe

area and are started to use.

4.3d Safety and dignity for adolescent girls and women are prioritized through private access

to menstrual hygiene disposal facilities

Some camps have the communal dust bin and incinerator provided by the WASH agencies, but

these are not specific for the menstrual hygiene disposal facilities.

5.1a User groups / committees are effective in maintaining water points facilities

5.1b User groups / committees are effective in maintaining latrines

The non-incentive voluntary service of maintaining water points and latrines is still weak. In

some camps, the maintenance of water points and latrines depends on the WASH agencies.

Conclusions / Discussion

Water quantity is not a concern, although quality of water is generally not to National standard

Low scoring latrine functionality, or low percentages of meeting WASH criteria standards for latrines and

availability of hand wash facilities is a significant concern

Open defecation exists, but there are camps that record no evidence of open defecation

There is low reported prevalence of diarrhea in three townships, which is a stable reporting period of 5-6

months.

TLS WASH facilities are inadequate but improving slowly, however, disabled access is largely not

satisfactory according to those disabled people who are interviewed.

Community ownership is difficult to analyse, however, there are indications of WASH related meetings

being held, and there is evidence that communities will maintain water points without the need for

contractors or agency repair strategies, if given the materials and/or tools resources to do it.

Relocation was taking place in Kyauk Taw, Mrauk-U, Minbya, Pauk Taw, Myebon and Rathaetaung

Townships.

Additional observations

Whilst water quantity is not seen as a concern, there are sufficient numbers of repairable hand

pumps to warrant considering a WASH Cluster maintenance or repair strategy, that would

improve community ownership of water points in IDP camps. It has been seen during

monitoring, that IDPs can repair hand pumps if given the tools and the materials. This can be an

opportunity for WASH partners to increase community ownership of infrastructure within IDP

camps.

Throughout the monitoring experience, and development of a M&E village criteria, it has

become apparent that a 3rd indicator was necessary for villages where mostly unprotected

water sources require treatment, and this will be proposed to the WASH Cluster. The new

indicator “1.3the target population has a household water treatment system & safe storage

method for non-treated or unprotected water sources.” measures whether household water

treatment in the form of ceramic water filters or boiling, combined with a covered storage

container is present within the household. The new indicator may also be appropriate or

favorable for monitoring of IDP camps. Whilst quality of water can be more strictly managed in

IDP camps, the quality of water in villages cannot, unless a significant focus shift to

development of WASH facilities occurs at a strategic (and funded level). It is assumed that most

village water sources tend to be unprotected, and so to provide an indication that water is safe

for drinking, it is necessary to look at the treatment of water that may occur at the household

level. The resources required for such a monitoring activity can be quite significant, therefore,

As a pilot exercise during initial monitoring of villages, 10 households per village have been

visited to ascertain numbers of ceramic water filters existing in the house. The frequency for

monitoring this third indicator still needs to be proposed for camps, but for villages, it is

proposed to be during a first inspection and sometime after project implementation.

Emerging questions for subsequent Data Analysis Reports

WASH Cluster input and participation in discussions that this report raises, can provide

opportunity to develop the M&E strategy of future analysis reports. All ANNEXES of the M&E

strategy have been reported, but not always in entirety. Whilst ANNEX 3 – Hygiene Behaviour

Change indicators, and ANNEX 2 raw water quality data can remain permanently fixed in the

database for subsequent monthly reports until data changes in the future, questions raised

concerning hygiene and raw water quality must reflect their date of data input, when cross

referencing with more up to date reporting from other ANNEXES.

Relevant information / documents

Database – Rakhine WASH Cluster M&E – December 2014

The M&E Strategy including annexes 1 to 4

SPHERE/WASH

The strategic monitoring framework for IDP camps

The strategic monitoring framework for villages

Documents

View Original · Web viewcorrect, or reassert a consistent interpretation of all indicators, criteria, methodology and tools. Assuming the outputs of the review were a consistent