Vids CC: Feeling all the feels
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAMbkJk6gnE&index
=25&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOPRKzVLY0jJY-uHOH9KVU6
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAMbkJk6gnE&index
=25&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOPRKzVLY0jJY-uHOH9KVU6 Emotions Revealed
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
PFqzYoKkCchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- PFqzYoKkCc Eckman, Lie
Detection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXm6YbXxSYk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXm6YbXxSYk
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Day 2: Feeling All the Feels
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Emotion Compare and contrast major theories of emotion (e.g.,
JamesLange, CannonBard, Schachter two-factor theory). Describe how
cultural influences shape emotional expression, including
variations in body language. Identify key contributors in the
psychology of emotion
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Emotions A vital ingredient in
making effective personal decisions But can spin out of
control
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007
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What Is Emotion? A four-part process consisting of 1.
physiological arousal of the body 2. cognitive interpretation of
events and feelingsconscious and unconscious 3. subjective feelings
brain senses state of arousal.. also memories of similar situations
4. behavioral expression emotions produce behavior.anger produces a
middle finger
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Universal Emotional Expression
Humans share a set of universal emotional expression This testifies
to a common biological heritage But all emotional expressions are
not universal across cultures culture influences emotional
expression anger sadness joy
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Cultural Universals in
Emotional Expression Display Rules Permissible ways of displaying
emotions in a particular society For Example: Asian children taught
to check emotions American children taught to express them
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1/16/2015 DO NOW: Define: display rules (give an example)
Positive reinforcement Classical conditioning
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8 th p: Prepare for reading quiz. Notes and study guide etc
Paper w/your name on it, pencil Pen for grading Goals for today:
Complete emotions slides CC Emotions and Stress Ted talk: Self
Confidence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w- HYZv6HzAs Discuss
STRESS
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Paul Ekman Universal facial expressions Facial Action Coding
System http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PFqzYoKkCc Microexpressions
(Lie detection) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXm6YbXxSYk Emotions
Demonstration
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 PLUTCHIKS EIGHT BASIC HUMAN
EMOTIONS Joy, Trust, Fear, Surprise, Sadness, Anticipation, Anger,
and Disgust Joy opposite of Sadness Joy opposite of Sadness Fear
opposite of Anger Fear opposite of Anger Disgust opposite of Trust
Disgust opposite of Trust Anticipation opposite of Surprise
Anticipation opposite of Surprise
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Nature of Emotions by
Plutchik His three-dimensional model describes the relations among
emotion concepts. The cones vertical dimension represents loss of
intensity The circle represents degrees of similarity among the
emotions. The 8 sectors are designed to indicate that there are 8
primary emotion dimensions defined by the theory arranged as 4
pairs of opposites.
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Real Smile Can you
identify the social smile versus the genuine, Duchenne smile? Real
smiles involve muscles around both the eyes and cheeks.
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 A "real" smile raises the lips
and causes "crow's feet" around the eyes
Theories about emotion: 1.James-Lange Theory: We have a
psychological response & we label it as an emotion: "I see a
shark, my muscles tense, I feel afraid." 1.Cannon-Bard Theory: We
have an emotional response & we feel the physiological
response: "I see a shark, I feel afraid, my muscles tense."
1.Schacter-Singer Theory: We experience feelings & then label
them: "I feel bad. I must be scared." 1.Cognitive Appraisal: When
there is no physiological arousal. we experience something; we
think about it, we label it as an emotion.
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YouTube: Charles Schallhorn - Theories of Emotions
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Emotions are difficult to understand. We assume they are
physiological at some level, but often is a cognitive component.
However, unlike other areas of cognition, emotions are not directly
under our control. JEALOUSY is a great example! Experience that is
very common but difficult to explain: just like much of
psychology
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Emotional Intelligence -the ability to perceive, understand,
manage, and use emotions -EQ is a better predictor in future
success than IQ
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 E.I. E.I. (Goleman Model,
1995) Self-awareness the ability to read one's emotions and
recognize their impact Self-management involves controlling one's
emotions and impulses and adapting to changing circumstances.
Social Awareness the ability to sense, understand, and react to
others' emotions Relationship Management the ability to inspire,
influence, and develop others while managing conflict.
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Detecting Deception People can
also control their emotions to deceive Polygraph Device that
records the graphs of many measures of physical arousal; often
called a lie detector really an arousal detector
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Lateralization of Emotion The two cerebral hemispheres
specialize in different emotions Right Hemisphere Negative
emotions..anger, depression, hate, disgust Left Hemisphere Positive
emotions.joy, happiness, delight, mirth
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Arousal and Emotion
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The Neuroscience of Emotion The autonomic nervous system:
Parasympathetic Division: Usually dominates pleasant emotions
Sympathetic Division: Becomes active when startled or by an
unpleasant emotion Neurotransmitters: Serotonin .feelings of
depression Epinephrine (adrenalin)produced by fear Norepinephrine
more abundant in anger Steroids
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Achievement Motivation People who have LOW achievement
motivation prefer very easy or very difficult tasks. People with
HIGH achievement motivation prefer moderately difficult tasks.
Failure is unlikely - no embarrassment Success is attainable, yet
attributable to their skill and effort.
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Achievement Motivation Does high achievement motivation mean
success in life?
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Leadership Style Task Leadership: goal oriented leadership that
sets standards & organizes work. Social Leadership: group
oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict &
offers support. SOCIAL MOTIVATION David McClelland (1950s) explored
what motivated humans to challenge themselves, particularly in
relation to others. McClellands theory: Need for Achievement Used
experimental data based on participants' descriptions of ambiguous
pictures to support his claims. In longitudinal studies, McClelland
found that subjects who scored high on tests of achievement were
more likely to be entrepreneurs. Other theories of social
motivation claim that Fear can be a very powerful motivator, with
some humans being driven by a fear of failure while others are more
afraid of success.
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YouTube: Steve Jobs Commencement Address Stanford University
2005
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STRESS Break Packet personal assessment
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 How and Why Do We Experience
Stress? The human stress response to perceived threat activates
thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and physiological arousal that
normally promote adaptation and survival
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Stress and Coping Stress The response to events that threaten
or challenge a person Psychophysiological disorders Medical
problems that are influenced by an interaction of psychological,
emotional, and physical difficulties
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Stress and Stressors Stress A physical and mental response to a
challenging or threatening situation Stressor A stressful stimulus
. a condition demanding adaptation
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Categorizing Stressors Cataclysmic events Strong stressors that
occur suddenly, affecting many people at once Personal stressors
major life events such as the death of a family member, that have
immediate consequences that generally fade with time
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Categorizing Stressors Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Phenomenon on which victims of major catastrophes or strong
personal stressors feel long-lasting effects that may include re-
experiencing the event in vivid flashbacks or dreams 9/11 terrorist
attacks
Slide 48
Categorizing Stressors Background stressors Daily hassles
Everyday annoyances that cause minor irritations and may have
long-term ill effects if they continue or are compounded by other
stressful events Ex: being stuck in traffic Uplifts Minor positive
events that make one feel good
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Psychophysiological disorders Psychosomatic disorders Medical
problems influenced by an interaction of psychological, emotional,
and physical difficulties
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Do Now Define: emotional intelligence extrinsic motivation
classical conditioning Today: complete stress, Ted Talks,
review
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Wednesday Finals Schedule January 21, 2015 5th Period
9:55-10:55 (60 minutes) 6th Period 11:00 12:00 (60 minutes) Lunch
(combined) 12:00-12:37 7th Period Final 12:42-2:06 (final 84
minutes) 8th Period Final 2:11-3:35 (final 84 minutes)
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Watch Ted Talks Psychology of Self Motivation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sxpKhIbr0E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sxpKhIbr0E Sweat the small stuff:
https://www.ted.com/talks/rory_sutherland_sweat_the_small_stu ff
https://www.ted.com/talks/rory_sutherland_sweat_the_small_stu ff
Self confidence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-
HYZv6HzAshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w- HYZv6HzAs Due next
class: Learning study guide Motivation/Emotion Vocab
packetscompleted!
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Test format 38 questions x 2 points a piece = 76 points
possible 2 questions w/more than 1 answer. Get either possible
guess and you get full points.
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Stress and the Immune System The human immune system response,
which evolved to respond to short-term stressors, may react to
chronic stressors by breaking down and turning on itself
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Physical Stress Response
Arousal: Increased physiological state
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Physical Stress Response
Acute Stress A temporary pattern of arousal caused by a stressor
with a clear onset and limited duration Example: flashing blue
lights in your rearview mirror Chronic Stress A continuous state of
stressful arousal persisting over time Example: A bad marriage
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Physical Stress Response
Fight-or-Flight Response A sequence of internal processes that
prepares the organism for struggle or escape Withdrawal: If fight
or flight is not possible, or stressor is too much to handle, the
organism may freeze Ex: Deer in the headlights
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 The General Adaptation
Syndrome (GAS) A pattern of responses to any serious chronic
stressor Prolonged stressor response can contribute to heart
disease, ulcers, arthritic, asthma, even death
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 General Adaptation Syndrome G.
A. S. 3 Stages 1. Alarm 2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion Healthy
Adaptation or Illness
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Stage One - Alarm Reaction 1.
Body mobilizes its resources to cope with a stressor 2.
Hypothalamus sets off a response through the endocrine system 3.
Adrenal hormones are released 4. The sympathetic nervous system is
activated IF STRESSOR IS NOT REMOVED IN TIME, THE ORGANISM MOVES TO
NEXT STAGE Sympathetic --Mobilize energy from stores, inhibit
further storage Inhibit digestion, growth, reproduction, immunity
--Increase HR, BP, breathing --Fight or flight response --Analgesia
--Aspects of senses and memory improve
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Stage Two - Stage of
Resistance Arousal (Alarm reaction) subsides The parasympathetic
system activates adrenal output slows If a second stressor is
introduced, the organism may not be able to adapt IF STRESSOR IS
NOT REMOVED IN TIME, THE ORGANISM MOVES TO NEXT STAGE Resistance
Body tries to adapt to stressor Hormonal changes to cope with
stress Conservation of resources. Effects on activity level,
feeding etc.
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Stage Three - Stage of
Exhaustion Organism tires fighting stressor Symptoms of Alarm Stage
(Stage One) reappear Parasympathetic system overcompensates in an
attempt to stop surging hormones IF STRESSOR DOES NOT DISAPPEAR IN
TIME DEATH OCCURS
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Resistance Resistance the body
seems to adapt to the presence of the stressor Alarm Reaction Alarm
reaction the body mobilizes its resources to cope with a stressor
The General Adaptation Syndrome Exhaustion Illness/death Exhaustion
the body depletes its resources Level of normal resistance
Successful Resistance
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Personality Types and Stress
Type A behavior pattern characterized by intense, angry,
competitive, or perfectionist responses to challenging situations
Type B behavior pattern characterized by a relaxed, unstressed
approach to life
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Learned Helplessness State in which people conclude that
unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled a view of the
world that becomes so ingrained that they cease trying to remedy
the aversive circumstances, even if they actually can exert some
influence
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Psychological Responses to Stress Emotional, Cognitive, and
Behavioral Responses Stress is associated with emotional,
cognitive, and behavioral responses. Some responses do not affect
functioning, while others can severely disrupt normal functioning.
A. Emotional symptoms of stress can include crying, nervousness,
irritability, anger, sadness, anxiety, fear, feelings of
dissatisfaction, feeling overwhelmed and powerless, apathetic, or
empty. B. Cognitive symptoms of stress can include memory problems,
distractibility, obsessiveness, or problems in concentration. C.
Behavioral reactions to stress can include problems in
relationships, alcohol and substance abuse, compulsive eating,
teeth grinding, lowered sex drive, or uncommunicativeness
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Positive Aspects of Stress Optimal arousal theory suggests that
peak performance is related to amount of stress. A. More stress can
increase performance on simple tasks. B. Too much stress tends to
decrease performance on complex tasks. Key-balance
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Mediators of Stress Responses to stress can be mediated by the
following: A. Adequacy of coping skillsHaving more than one way of
dealing with problems is useful. B. Availability of social
supportFriends can help buffer the effects of stress. C. Intensity
and duration of the stressor and history of previous stressors
affect stress. D. Individual beliefs and values affect stress.
Example: Locus of control (a) InternalA belief that a person has
control over rewards and punishments in life (b) ExternalA belief
that luck, chance, and powerful people determine events E. Gender
(e.g., Bernstein, Penner, Clarke-Stewart, & Roy, 2003) Males
express anger and use avoidance; females use support networks. F.
Cultural differences affect stress.
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Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2007 Resilience Capacity to adapt,
achieve well-being, and cope with stress, in spite of serious
threats to development
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Coping With Stress Coping Efforts to control, reduce, or learn
to tolerate the threats that lead to stress Emotion-focused coping
Managing emotions in the face of stress Problem-focused coping
Attempts to modify the stressful problem or source of stress
Avoidance Defense mechanisms
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Coping Styles: The Hardy Personality Hardiness Personality
characteristic associated with a lower rate of stress-related
illness, consisting of three components Commitment Challenge
Control
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Social Support Mutual network of caring, interested others
Health and loneliness in college students Can be psychologically
painful Negative effect on the immune system