VidArch

VidArchPreserving Video Objects and Context: A Demonstration

Project Helen R. Tibbo

School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

[email protected]

IS&T Archiving Conference 2006 Ottawa, Canada, May 26, 2006

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Funding for this Project

This work was supported by a grant from the National Science

Foundation #IIS 0455970 DigArch Program


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VidArch Team Gary MarchioniniGary Marchionini Helen TibboHelen Tibbo Christopher LeeChristopher Lee Paul JonesPaul Jones

Special Thanks to SILS Students:Special Thanks to SILS Students: Dawne HowardDawne Howard

Terrell RussellTerrell Russell

Sanghee OhSanghee Oh

Yaxiao SongYaxiao Song


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VidArch Partners

National Aeronautics and Space National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Administration (NASA)

Association of Computing Association of Computing Machinery (ACM)Machinery (ACM)

Open Video (OV)Open Video (OV) ibiblioibiblio


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Challenges of Video Preservation

Temporal medium with multiple Temporal medium with multiple information representation information representation channels;channels; Multiple visual and audio Multiple visual and audio Human-readable or machine-Human-readable or machine-

readable contentreadable content Video object’s meaning is greater Video object’s meaning is greater

than the sum of its parts;than the sum of its parts; Preservation must attend to the Preservation must attend to the

whole as well as the parts.whole as well as the parts.


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Preservation & Access Are integrally intertwined;Are integrally intertwined; Accessibility and use promote Accessibility and use promote

longevity (Conway);longevity (Conway); ““Mechanisms to ensure long-term Mechanisms to ensure long-term

persistence should operate persistence should operate harmoniously with mechanisms harmoniously with mechanisms supporting dissemination and use. supporting dissemination and use. (Lavoie & Dempsey)(Lavoie & Dempsey)


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Goals of Project Make videos not only Make videos not only accessibleaccessible, but also , but also understandableunderstandable in the future; in the future;

Develop a preservation framework for digital Develop a preservation framework for digital video context that includes preservation of video context that includes preservation of persistent context;persistent context;

Develop a workflow model that focuses on the Develop a workflow model that focuses on the capture of contextual information;capture of contextual information;

Explore the design and feasibility of a video or Explore the design and feasibility of a video or multimedia-enhanced finding aid;multimedia-enhanced finding aid;

Develop decision support tools for the Develop decision support tools for the acquisition, ingest, and preservation of context.acquisition, ingest, and preservation of context.


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Theoretical Foundation Builds from OAIS Reference Model;Builds from OAIS Reference Model; Blends conceptualizing power of Blends conceptualizing power of

archival finding aids with complexity archival finding aids with complexity and information-rich nature of video;and information-rich nature of video;

Based in the vision that long-term Based in the vision that long-term provision of contextualized accessprovision of contextualized access Makes digital objects understandable over Makes digital objects understandable over

time;time; Is essential to long-term preservation;Is essential to long-term preservation; Is dependent on metadata.Is dependent on metadata.


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Metadata Several schemes and standards – Several schemes and standards –

METS, NLNZ, etc.;METS, NLNZ, etc.; Preservation metadata – PREMIS;Preservation metadata – PREMIS; What is needed for long-term access What is needed for long-term access

and understandability?and understandability? Object-specific annotations;Object-specific annotations; Collection-level descriptions and Collection-level descriptions and

integration/ links among objects;integration/ links among objects; State of the world information.State of the world information.


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Context…

Can make materials useful and Can make materials useful and comprehendible across time and comprehendible across time and space;space;

Is a hallmark of a well-written Is a hallmark of a well-written finding aid;finding aid;

Is often expensive to capture.Is often expensive to capture.


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Open Video Housed within SILS;Housed within SILS; Collects and makes available Collects and makes available

digitized video content for a wide digitized video content for a wide audience;audience;

Significantly, Open Video began as a Significantly, Open Video began as a projectproject to provide researchers with to provide researchers with accessaccess to video to facilitate the study to video to facilitate the study of video problems; of video problems;

It now finds itself a It now finds itself a repositoryrepository with with preservationpreservation as well as access needs. as well as access needs.


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NASA Collection 2003, partnered with NASA 2003, partnered with NASA

Langley’s Center for Distance Langley’s Center for Distance Learning;Learning;

OV provides digital video file OV provides digital video file version of four educational version of four educational programs;programs;

Video comes from NASA and Video comes from NASA and passes through the OV workflow.passes through the OV workflow.


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NASA Collection on OV


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NASA’s Own Video Site


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ACM Collection Videos presented at research Videos presented at research

conference sponsored by the conference sponsored by the Association of Computing Association of Computing Machinery;Machinery;

SIGCHI has accepted juried videos SIGCHI has accepted juried videos since 1983;since 1983;

427 videos in OV’s ACM collection;427 videos in OV’s ACM collection; Videos of widely varying quality Videos of widely varying quality

with a range of metadata.with a range of metadata.


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VidArch Methodology Explore Open Video workflow;Explore Open Video workflow; Identify sources of context from OV Identify sources of context from OV

workflow process;workflow process; Build framework to articulate sources Build framework to articulate sources

of context in OAIS model and OV of context in OAIS model and OV workflow;workflow;

Create media-enhanced finding aids Create media-enhanced finding aids that capture context.that capture context.


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Finding Aids Traditional tools of archivists but have Traditional tools of archivists but have

not often been exploited in digital not often been exploited in digital library settings;library settings;

FAs provide context for access and FAs provide context for access and understandability over time;understandability over time;

FAs can contain several levels of FAs can contain several levels of hierarchy: hierarchy: the entire collection; the entire collection; series and subseries; andseries and subseries; and listing of individual materials.listing of individual materials.


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EAD Finding Aids Encoded Archival Description FAs Encoded Archival Description FAs

designed to be highly accessible designed to be highly accessible and interoperable;and interoperable;

EAD FAs can take advantage of EAD FAs can take advantage of multiple media, hyperlinks, and multiple media, hyperlinks, and interactive behaviors.interactive behaviors.


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Finding Aids & Context Traditionally, context in finding aids Traditionally, context in finding aids

relates to the entities involved in relates to the entities involved in the creation of the records the creation of the records individuals, individuals, organizations and functions, andorganizations and functions, and the nature of the records themselves. the nature of the records themselves.

FAs involve substantial intellectual FAs involve substantial intellectual work and professional judgment on work and professional judgment on the part of archivists. the part of archivists.


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VidArch View of Finding Aids

FAs should be considered not just access FAs should be considered not just access devices but also digital objects;devices but also digital objects;

FAs should be ingested into the OAIS FAs should be ingested into the OAIS and preserved along with the target and preserved along with the target videos;videos;

Identifying a typology of elements Identifying a typology of elements (related actors, events, objects, (related actors, events, objects, locations, times), to be documented locations, times), to be documented within video collections;within video collections;

Finding aids can be enriched with links Finding aids can be enriched with links to media objects.to media objects.


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NASA Collection Finding Aid


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Digital Archiving & OAIS Model

OAIS indicates the importance of OAIS indicates the importance of contextual information but does contextual information but does not describe how to specify it.not describe how to specify it.

We seek to develop a further We seek to develop a further articulation of how context can articulation of how context can best be preserved within the OAIS best be preserved within the OAIS framework.framework.


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Life Cycle of Digital Videos from NASA in

Open Video


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Workflow and Sources of Context

The solid arrows in the figure show The solid arrows in the figure show current information flows;current information flows;

Dashed arrows indicate potential for Dashed arrows indicate potential for capturing further contextual capturing further contextual information;information;

11stst Stage: Functional provenance Stage: Functional provenance within NASA;within NASA;

2nd Stage: Video production 2nd Stage: Video production activities NASA;activities NASA;

33rdrd Stage: Distribution of the video. Stage: Distribution of the video.


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OAIS, SIPS, & AIPS An OAIS differs from other types of An OAIS differs from other types of

information systems in that it information systems in that it accepts “responsibility to preserve accepts “responsibility to preserve information and make it available information and make it available for a Designated Community” over for a Designated Community” over the “long-term.” the “long-term.”

This responsibility is only assured This responsibility is only assured for information that has been for information that has been submitted to the OAIS as an SIP and submitted to the OAIS as an SIP and then ingested in order to become then ingested in order to become an AIP. an AIP.


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Curator’s OAIS Responsibilities

Curators of digital video Curators of digital video collections must decide what collections must decide what subset of the total potential subset of the total potential documentation (existing or documentation (existing or created by the curator) related to created by the curator) related to the digital videos should be the digital videos should be reflected in the descriptive and reflected in the descriptive and

access tools of the archive and access tools of the archive and submitted to the archive as SIPs in submitted to the archive as SIPs in

order to be ingested for long-term order to be ingested for long-term preservation.preservation.


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Thank You!

Slides from this presentation will be Slides from this presentation will be found at: found at:

http://ils.unc.edu/vidarchhttp://ils.unc.edu/vidarch

[email protected]@ils.unc.edu

http://ils.unc.edu/vidarch

Documents

VidArch