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Experience Design. RMCAD, Spring 2011. This project was a group collaboration between Daniel Aabak, Lauren Cales, Jesse Knapper, David Laskowski, Julie Luu.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
introduction
the home final design
research community needs
summary
07
41 59
15 27
67
Introduction
A natural disaster can have devastating effects on the people living there. The consequences and suffering is even more prolonged when it is an underdeveloped country with limited resources. This situation is very clear in looking at the earthquake that rocked the country of Haiti in 2010.
Thousands of Haitians are still in make shift shelters, and many are fully relying on handouts. Our goal with this project is to provide these people and others in similar situations, a means of getting back on their feet and providing for themselves. We are Victus, the Latin term for living/ way of life. We strive to build a $300 house with our knowledge of design.
Source (Jermey Cowart)
When a disaster strikes, the housing being provided to displaced people ends up dissembled and re-used for unsafe shelters.
A disaster can happen anywhere and to anyone. There are families that have lost everything in a disaster and needs a semi-permanent housing to rebuild the community.
Funded by relief organizations, we will utilize new technologies and sustainable materials to design a $300 house for developing countries.
Research
In our research phase, we started with compiling all the aspects of different housing situations that are being implemented in developing countries. Along with searching for an appropriate design solution, we will utilize new technology and look into sustainable materials for our community and house. Throughout the research phase, we also wanted to connect ourselves with the individual stories and do our best to re-live their experiences. These people have been given many handouts that are inappropriate or irrelevant to their lives. We want to provide an appropriate solution that they will fully utilize.
Victus 17
One and a half million people are living in camps. 100,000 are at critical risk from storms and flooding.
18 The $300 House Project
Haiti Earthquake
Haiti 01.10.10
2,000,000 homeless3,000,000 homes destroyed1,300,000 living in tent cities
1,000,000 homeless3,600 died from diseases70% living on less than $2 a day
Victus 21
On the morning of January 12, 2010; this family was torn apart by large barriers of
concrete as their house split in half and the buildings crumpled around them making a
near impossible escape for the family. Stuck below the rubble layed Benoit’s father and
younger sister. To save them, he jumped into the rubble, only to catch his foot and be sent
tumbling down the rubble with his foot left long behind him.
After doctor’s saved his life, and Benoit’s mother was reunited with him, the broken fam-
ily was given a tent, located at Petionville, to live in while things were to be figured out in
the city. After six months, the family decided to share their frustrations with Frontline for a
new documentary on the current reconstruction progress in Haiti.
The family has a hard time reconnecting and being able to mourn for their loss when they
are left without a home, and are struggling to get through their day to day lives.
22 The $300 House Project
The earthquake practically destroyed the whole city
of Port Au Prince including businesses, homes and
prisons. An estimated 5,000 prisoners escaped from
the broken prisons after the earthquake, fleeing to a
quick freedom.
Now, a daily effort is made to track down all escaped
prisoners and bring them to a new make-shift
prison, all on a wanted list created from memory.
In the meantime, gang members rule back out on
the streets creating havok and clamor for all living in
the tent cities.
5,000
Victus 25
non-government organizations arecurrently working to restore Haiti,but ultimately may be keep a wholecountry one step back.43
Community Needs
While a house was our primary concern in starting this project, we realized a community is just as important. These people and others in similar situations need more than a house to grow and establish themselves. By providing a school, garden, and other elements, these people have a much stronger foundation to build off and grow as a connected community.
28 The $300 House Project
To utilize natural resources and new technologies
we looked heavily to solar power as a means to run
our community. Solar power can be generated and
used in a variety of manners. We found it useful in
providing energy, lighting, and clean water. A solar
water pasteurizer would be an investment for a large
community. These are easy to install, operate, and
come with a wood burning back up option. After
installation, these disinfect water for less than $.00125
per liter. We found solar lamps as an affordable
replacement to kerosene lamps, and large solar lamps
would be effective in lighting the community to cut
down on crime.
Solar Energy
The Haitians use cell phones, lap tops, and other
devices that require constant charging. For this
problem, we found a solar powered locker room,
where devices could be locked up and charged. Solar
cookers can be made with supplies available, and wood
gasification stoves can be built and ran off rechargeable
batteries. Another means of generating power is
through harnessing the energy omitted from children’s
playground equipment.
$300 house
food
commercematerials
This triad shows how the elements of our community
plan would interact and allow for the people to
go from a centralized infrastructure to a localized
infrastructure. By providing a house and community
plan, the people could then grow their own food, get
jobs, and bring money back into their community.
THE COMMUNITYCommunity plan for the $300 house project
water center
lampsshower
house
schoolgarden
emergency
central house
playground
cooking
bathroom energy center
KEY
Victus 33
The community structure implemented for many
of Haiti’s displaced insufficiently provides for their
safety, and their chances to recover. The long rows
of makeshift houses remind us of internment camps
and prisons. By organizing the houses into smaller
communities, these families will inevitably grow closer,
and will be constantly looking out for each other.
The Community
The smaller communities will all each have their
own shower, rest room, and garden. These smaller
communities will encircle a schoolhouse, energy center,
water station, hospital, and community house. By
providing education, gardens, and energy, the people
will have a better chance of not needing to rely on
outside governmental support.
Victus 35
water center
lampsshower
house
schoolgarden
emergency
central house
playground
cooking
bathroom energy center
KEY
Victus 37
After finding a deep understanding of the needs and
wants of Haitian Citizens, it became clear the need was
for an efficient community instead of solely an efficient
use of space. The Diagram to the right shows the space
being taken up for the housing verses a better way to
set up the homes within the community.
Building Community vs. Pure Efficiency
The Home
In designing our house there were a number of goals we had in mind. We wanted the house to be durable enough to last for at least three years. Durability is a problem with much of the relief shelters currently provided. With an average family size of seven in Haiti, we wanted the house to be large enough to comfortably sleep a family of six. We lastly wanted it to be raised to protect from flooding, and have adequate lighting for day and night.
Victus 45
The family size in Haiti is typically larger than
the normal family size found in the United States of
America. Since the earthquake created many broken
families, creating a house with a designated number
of people to fill it, did not seem like a tailored solution.
Through paper proto-typing, it’s clear that two
grouping homes can easily become one through
the implementation of connecting walls. When homes
group together in a circular fashion, a community
center forms in the middle, creating a space for
many people to reconnect, cook and reform their
shooken lives.
Paper Prototyping
46 The $300 House Project
Walls can collapse, transforming
2 homes into 1
Community center gives
a safe sanctuary and
a place to reconnect.
48 The $300 House Project
Cholera and other water born diseases
is a large fear in the lives of every
Haitian. Through implementation of a
water collection system, gray water can
be used to daily activities, saving the
amount of clean drinking water.
Victus 49
A framework adds stability, ease
of construction and a way to lift
the structure from the ground in
the rainy season.
Victus 51
Exploration of a watercapture system for eachhome to spare drinkingwater from daily duties.
Refined prototype with
correct proportions and
supporting framework.
Final Design Concept
The final design of the house will have a tarp to keep the structure waterproof. For security reasons, it will also have a window that can only be opened from the inside. If insulation is necessary, the people can utilize local materials such as rice hull. This house will fit up to 6 people, each will have a hammock as bedding that can be put up and stored during the
day for more space.
We plan that the house will have solar light source,
hammocks as bedding, along with secured doors and
windows. The house will be elevated to help prevent
flooding, and increase it’s lifespan. These houses will
be laid out as shown in the community plan. This
design strategy should allow for the Haitians to make a
successful recovery.
Summary
This project opened our eyes to the grave scenario families across the globe face when a disaster occurs. These people need help to get back on their feet, and monetary donations and standard relief aid, are typically only temporary solutions. After conducting research, we knew our outcome should provide a family with not only a house, but also a community for them to build on. Our house design is durable, affordable, and very effective for a community plan.