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STUDY GUIDE

& D l ea nci tade l CM oa llr es gu eY

Al-Quran: 94; 5

Verily, along with everyhardship is relief

YUSRA MEDICAL &

DENTAL COLLEGE, ISLAMABAD

nd2 Year MBBS

2018

Neuroscience Module

Al-Quran: 94; 5


STUDY GUIDE Neuroscience Module

YUSRA MEDICAL & DENTAL COLLEGE, ISLAMABAD

Index

S.No Topic Page

1. Team members 1

2. Introduc�on 2

3. Curriculum framework 4

4. Main content areas 5

5. Teaching / learning methods 6

6. Student assessment 7

7. Recommended reading material 9

8. Organiza�on 10

9 Anatomy 11

10. Physiology 18

11. Biochemistry 33

12. Ver�cal integra�on 39

13. Timetable 43

1

Team Members 2018

Name Committee Department

Dr. Idrees Farooq Butt Professor

Chief Coordinator Physiology

Dr. Ghazala Jawwad Assistant Professor

Coordinator Physiology

Dr. Arsalan Manzoor Mughal Assistant Professor

Member Anatomy

Dr. Jariya Kalsoom Associate Professor

Member Biochemistry

Dr. Kiran Fatima Senior Registrar

Member Medicine

Dr. Iffat Atif Associate Professor

Member Community Medicine

Dr. Shumaila Najeeb Paracha Associate Professor

Member Pathology

Dr. Naila Abrar Associate Professor

Member Pharmacology

Dr. Salman Asghar Professor

Member Neurosurgery

Dr. Sidra Tul Muntaha Assistant Professor

Member Pediatrics


2

INTRODUCTION

Assalam-u-Alaikum. Once again a new module welcomes all the medical students of the

second year MBBS. The “neurosciences” module has been developed as continuation of

integrated medical education in Yusra Medical and Dental College, Islamabad. It will be

covered in 7 weeks Inshaa Allah.

Now, thar you all have become well familiar with most of the body systems in human body, it

is time to study the master controller of the body; neurosciences (nervous system).It is

responsible for collecting information from all parts of body regarding changes taking place

both in internal and external environment, processing this information and sending appropriate

responses. You will study neuroanatomy in this module that will cover development,

anatomical structure and histological features of different components of nervous system. In

physiology, functioning of different parts of nervous system will be explained and importance

of each anatomical part will be learnt. Physiological basis of common nervous system

disorders will be explained. In biochemistry, you will learn lipid metabolism and integrate it

with other metabolisms. Pathophysiology of common neurological disorders and brief account

of clinical features will also be discussed.

This module will be followed by special senses module after which the third block exam will be

held.


3

General Learning Objectives:

By the end of this module, the students will be able to:

ANATOMY

· Describe the development, gross anatomy and microscopic structure of the nervous

system.

PHYSIOLOGY

· Explain the organization and role of nervous system in regulation of human body

functions.

· Describe the components and physiological mechanisms involved in sensory and motor

control system.

· Explain the physiological basis of higher mental functions { speech, sleep and memory}.

· Describe autonomic nervous system and its role in control of human body functions.

BIOCHEMISTRY

· Describe role of lipid metabolism and its biomedical significance along with its integration

with the rest of metabolism.


SHAHEED ZULFIQAR ALI BHUTTO MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK: MBBS 1-5 YEARS

Block I Block II Block III

Block IV Block V Block VI

Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4 Module 5 Module 6

Module 7 Module 8 Module 9 Module 10 Module 11 Module 12

Sen

d u

p &

Fin

al E

xam

s

Ex

am B

lock

I

Ex

am B

lock

IV

Ex

am B

lock

V

Ex

am B

lock

II

Ex

am B

lock

III

E

xam

Blo

ck V

I

Foundation6 Weeks

Renal6 Weeks

Reproductive6 Weeks

Neuroscience8 Weeks

SpecialSenses

6 Weeks

1

3

4

5

MusculoskeletalI

6 Weeks

Cardiovascular7 Weeks

Respiratory5 Weeks

Gastrointestinal6 Weeks

2Endocrine4 Weeks

MusculoskeletalII

6 Weeks

Hematology&

Immunology6 Weeks


5

MAIN CONTENT AREAS

ANATOMY

Histology:

· Cerebrum, cerebellum, peripheral nerve, ganglia

Embryology:

· Development of nervous system

Gross Anatomy:

· Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord and autonomic nervous system

PHYSIOLOGY

· Organization of nervous system, basic functions of synapses and neurotransmitters

· Sensory receptors, neuronal circuit for processing information

· Somatic sensation

o General organization, the tactile and position sense

o Pain, headache, and thermal sensation

· Motor functions of spinal cord

· Cortical and brain stem control of motor functions

· Contribution of cerebellum and basal ganglia to overall motor control

· Cerebral cortex, intellectual functions of brain, learning and memory

· Behavioral and motivational mechanism of brain –the limbic system and hypothalamus

· State of brain activity, sleep, brain waves, epilepsy, psychosis and dementia

· Autonomic nervous system and adrenal medulla

· Cerebral blood flow, CSF and brain metabolism

· Higher mental functions, speech, memory

BIOCHEMISTRY

· Metabolism of lipids

· Integration of metabolism


6

Teaching / Learning Methods

The teaching and learning sessions of this module will be of diverse types:

a. Large group interactive sessions (LGIS)

b. Small group teaching will include interactive tutorials(SGIS)

c. Problem – based learning sessions (PBL) or Case-based learning sessions (CBL).

d. Practical sessions will comprise sessions on early exposure to clinical methods and

practical laboratory demonstrations.

e. Seminars: on different topics, in which students will make oral presentations on different

aspects of the allocated topics.

f. Directed self learning (DSL): Students are allocated the topics and they study them

under supervision.


7

1. During the 2nd academic year of MBBS, there will be 3 end-of-block exams. The results of

these block exams will carry 30% weightage in the internal assessment for the final

professional examinations of the 2nd MBBS year.

2. End-of-block-exam

End-of-block exam following this module will have the following pattern:

a) There will be two theory papers, one each for Module IX and X in the end of block

examination.

b) These integrated theory papers will have components of following subjects:

i. Three horizontally integrated subjects i.e. anatomy, physiology and biochemistry

ii. Questions from vertically integrated para-clinical and clinical specialties

c) The pattern of integrated theory paper will be as following:

i. 60 MCQs – 1 mark each(most of the MCQs will be one best type, scenario-based)

ii. 08 SEQs – 5 marks each (most of SEQs will be scenario-based)

d) The pattern of the OSPE will be as following:

i. 10 OSPE stations based on contents of Module – I 10 marks each

ii. 10 OSPE stations based on contents of Module – II 10 marks each

END OF BLOCK EXAMINATIONS

Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University Internal Assessment Framework: MBBS 2nd year


8

Summary of marks for each end-of-block exam

Two Theory Papers:

MCQs: 60 (1 x 60) = 60 Marks

SEQs: 08 (5 x 08) = 40 Marks

100 x 2 = 200 Marks

OSPE:

10 stations of module I: 10 x 10 = 100 Marks 10 stations of module II: 10 x 10 = 100 Marks

20 x 10 = 200 Marks

· Internal assessment will be carried out by the respective colleges.

· The end of the year 1st professional university exams (Part I and II) will carry 70 percent

weightage.

· The end of the block exams and continuous assessment will carry 30 percent weightage.

· It is the prerogative of the colleges to include whatever they want in the continuous

assessment; class tests, attitude, conduct etc.

· Students failing an exam will be awarded marks according to the marks attained in the

exam. Only students absent in the examination will get zero marks in internal evaluation for

that examination.

Mandatory Criteria

· Any student who secures less than 50 percent marks or is absent from the block

examination due to any reason will appear in the resit exam.

· Student will appear only in the component failed (theory or OSPE).

· Maximum marks awarded to the passing students will not be more than 50%.

· Resit examination will be scheduled at the end of the academic year.

INTERNAL ASSESSMENT

RESIT POLICY


9

Recommended Reading Material

LEARNING RESOURCES

Gross Anatomy

i. Cunningham’s Manual Of Practical Anatomy vol. I- 15th edition, 1986

ii. Clinical Anatomy by Regions / Richard S. Snell- 9th edition, 2012

iii. Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy- 5th edition 2011

Reference Books

i. Clinically Oriented Anatomy by Keith L Moore - 6th edition, 2010

ii. Gray’s Anatomy 40th edition- 2008

General Anatomy

i. General Anatomy by Dr. Laiq Hussain - 3rd edition 2011

ii. Understanding General Anatomy by Professor Tassaduq Hussain-14th edition 2014

Embryology

i. Langman’s Medical Embryology - 12th edition 2012

Histology

i. Medical Histology by Dr. Laiq Hussain - 5th edition, 2015

ii. Basic Histology Junqueira - 13th edition 2013

iii. DiFiore’s Atlas of Histology - 12th edition 2013

Physiology

i. Guyton and Hall Text book of Medical Physiology. 13th edition. 2016.

ii. Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems. Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition, 2014.

iii. Lab Manual Physiology, part 1st, 3rd edition.

Biochemistry

i. Lippincott’s illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry 6th edition, 2014.

ii. Harper’s illustrated Biochemistry. 30th edition, 2012.

iii. Essentials of Medical Biochemistry. Mushtaq Ahmed, Vol I and II, 8 th edition, 2011.


10

Organization

Horizontal Integration

Basic Medical Sciences Time distribution

· Anatomy 74 Hours

· Physiology 73 Hours

· Biochemistry 54 Hours

· PBL/ CBL 07 Hours

Vertical Integration

· Pathology 1 Hour

· Pharmacology 4 Hours

· Medicine 1 Hour

· Neurosurgery 1 Hour

· Pediatrics 1 Hour

Longitudinal Integration

· Community Medicine 1 Hour

· Islamiyat and Pak studies 9 Hours

__________________________________

Total = 226 Hours

__________________________________


Anatomy

11

Embryology Lectures

S. No Learning Objectives

By the end of the session, students will be able to

Content Areas Teaching Activity

(Duration) Assessment

1 Development of the CNS 1

· Describe the derivatives of neural

tube. (K)*

· Describe the development of the

spinal cord. (K)

Development of

· Neural tube and its parts

· Development of the

spinal cord

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs


· Describe the development of the

myelencephalon and

metencephalon. (K)

Development of

· Medulla

· Pons

· Cerebellum

· Midbrain

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs


· Describe the development of

diencephalon and telencephalon.

(K)

Development of

· Diencephalon

· Cerebrum LGIS

(1 Hour) MCQs SEQs

4 Development of the peripheral

nervous system


cranial and spinal nerves. (K)


autonomic nervous system. (K)

Development of

· Cranial nerves

· Spinal nerves

· Autonomic nervous

system

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

5 Congenital anomalies of the nervous

system

· Describe the features of congenital

anomalies of the nervous system.

(K)

· Spina Bifida

· Anencephaly

· Hydrocephalus LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

*K: Knowledge


12

Histology Lectures

S. No

Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students will

be able to Content Areas

Teaching Activity


1 Microscopic features of the spinal cord

and cerebellum

· Describe the histological features of the

spinal cord and cerebellum. (K)

Microscopic features of: · Spinal cord

· Cerebellum

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

2 Microscopic features of the cerebral

Cortex

· Describe the histological features

of the cerebral Cortex. (K)

Microscopic features of:

· Cerebrum

· Blood brain barrier

· Blood CSF barrier

· Nerves

· Ganglia

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

Histology Practicals

S. No

Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students will

be able to Content Areas

Teaching Activity


1 Spinal cord and Cerebellum

· Identify and describe identification

points in histological slides of the spinal

cord and cerebellum.(S)*

· Spinal cord

· Cerebellum Practical (2 Hours)

OSPE*

2 Cerebral Cortex

· Identify and describe identification

points in histological slides of cerebral

cortex. (S)

· Cerebral cortex

Practical (2 Hours)

OSPE

*S: Skill *OPSE: Objective Structured Practical Examination


13

Gross Anatomy Demonstrations

S. No

Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students

will be able to Content Areas

Teaching Activity (Duration)

Assessment

1 Meninges, Dural Venous Sinuses

and Spinal Cord

· Identify and describe the

gross structure and the

neurovascular supply of

meninges and Dural venous

sinuses. (S)


gross structure of spinal cord

in adults in children. (S)

· Describe the anatomical

basis of lumbar puncture. (S)

· Dura matter

· Pia matter

· Arachnoid matter

· Dural venous

sinuses

· Spinal cord

· Lumbar puncture

Demonstration (2 Hours)

OSPE

2 Spinal Cord &Medulla


gross structure of the spinal

cord and Medulla. (S)

· Spinal cord

· Medulla oblongata Demonstration (2 Hours)

OSPE

3 Pons and Midbrain


gross structure of the pons

and midbrain. (S)

· Pons

· Midbrain Demonstration (2 Hours)

OSPE

4 Cerebellum and diencephalon


gross structure of the

cerebellum and

diencephalon. (S)

· Cerebellum

· Diencephalon


OSPE

5 Cerebrum 1


lobes, sulci, gyri and

functional areas on the

lateral surface of brain. (S)

· Lateral surface of

cerebrum


OSPE

6 Cerebrum 2


lobes, sulci, gyri and

functional areas on the

medial and inferior surfaces

of brain. (S)

· Medial surface of

cerebrum

· Inferior surface of

cerebrum Demonstration

(2 Hours) OSPE

7 White matter and Basal Ganglia


white matter and basal

ganglia in sections of the

brain. (S)

· White matter

· Basal ganglia


OSPE


14

8 Arteries of the Brain and Spinal

Cord


arterial supply of the brain

and spinal cord. (S)

· Circle of willis

· Internal carotid,

vertebral, basillar,

Cerebral and

Celebellar arteries

and their branches


OSPE

9 Ventricles


ventricles and their relations

in sections of the brain. (S)

· Describe the production, flow

and reabsorption of

Cerebrospinal fluid. (S)

· Lateral ventricles

· Third ventricles

· Cerebral aqueduct

· Fourth ventricles

· Choroid plexus

· Subarachnoid

space

· Arachnoid villi


OSPE

10 Horizontal Sections of the Brain


structures in the horizontal

sections of the brain. (S)

· Horizontal section

models Demonstration

(2 Hours) OSPE

11 Coronal Sections of the Brain


structures in the coronal

sections of the brain. (S)

· Coronal section

models Demonstration

(2 Hours) OSPE

Neuroanatomy Demonstrations





1 Ascending tracts of Spinal Cord

· Describe the ascending

tracts of spinal cord. (K)

· Ascending tracts

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

2 Descending tracts of Spinal cord

· Describe the descending

tracts of spinal cord. (K)

· Descending tracts

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

3 Internal structure of Medulla

· Describe the Internal

structure of Medulla

Oblongata. (K)

Tracts and Nuclei of

· Medulla LGIS

(1 Hour) MCQs SEQs

4 Internal structure of Pons and

Midbrain

· Describe the Internal

structure of Pons and

Midbrain. (K)

Tracts and Nuclei of

· Pons

· Midbrain LGIS

(1 Hour) MCQs SEQs

5 Internal Structure of Cerebellum

· Describe the internal

structure of cerebellum. (K)

· Cerebellar cortex · Fibers and

connections of the cerebellum

· Deep cerebellar nuclei

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs


15

Neuroanatomy Lectures





1 Diencephalon 1

· Describe the nuclei and

connections of thalamus

and epithalamus. (K)

· Thalamus and

epithalamus LGIS

(1 Hour) MCQs SEQs

2

Diencephalon 2

· Describe the nuclei and

connections of

hypothalamus and

subthamamus. (K)

· Hypothalamus

· Subthalamus

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

3 Reticular Formation and Limbic

System

· Describe the parts and

connections of the reticular

formation and limbic

system. (K)

· Reticular formation

· Limbic system

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

4 Basal Ganglia and Internal

Capsule


connections of the basal

ganglia and its relationship

with the internal capsule.

(K)

· Basal Ganglia

· Internal capsule

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs

5 Autonomic Nervous System

· Describe the course and

distribution of the

sympathetic and

parasympathetic nervous

systems. (K)

· Sympathetic nervous

system

· Parasympathetic

nervous system LGIS

(1 Hour) MCQs SEQs

6 Hemorrhages and Infarcts of the

CNS

· Describe the circle of Willis

and the arteries supplying

the brain and spinal cord.

(K)

· Describe the anatomical

basis of cerebral in facts

and hemorrhages. (K)

· Cerebral infarcts

· Cerebral hemorrhages

LGIS (1 Hour)

MCQs SEQs


16

Anatomy Seminars





1 Spinal Cord and its lesions

· Describe the development,

gross and microscopic

structure of spinal cord. (K)

· Describe the clinical features

in lesions of the spinal cord.

(K)

· Development of spinal

cord

· Internal structure of spinal

cord

· Tracts of spinal cord

· Lesions of spinal cord

Student Presentations

(1 Hours)

Marking / Evaluation Marks 10

2 Brain Stem and its lesions

· Describe the development,

gross and internal structure of

the brain stem. (K)

· Describe the clinical features in

lesions of the brain stem. (K)

· Internal structure of

medulla, pons and

midbrain

· Lesions of brain stem

· Internal circuitry of

cerebellum

· Lesions of cerebellum


(1 Hours)


3 Diencephalon and Limbic System

· Describe the development

and internal structure of the

diencephalon and limbic

system. (K)

· Nuclei of thalamus

· Nuclei of hypothalamus

· Parts of the limbic system Student

Presentations (1 Hours)


4 Basal Ganglia, Internal Capsule

and their lesions

· Describe the Basal ganglia

and internal capsule. (K)

· Basal ganglia and their

clinical correlates

· Parts of internal capsule


(1 Hours)


5 Ventricular System and

Hydrocephalus


relations of ventricular

system with its clinical

correlates. (K)

· Ventricles and their

relations

· Hydrocephalus Student Presentations

(1 Hours)


6 Cerebrum and its blood supply

· Describe the development

and internal structure of the

cerebrum. (K)

· Describe the layers of the

cerebral cortex. (K)

· Describe the lobes,

functional areas, their blood

supply and lesions. (K)

· Development of cerebrum

· layers of cerebral cortex

· Lobes, sulci, gyri and

functional areas

· Blood supply, infarcts and

hemorrhages


(1 Hours)



17

Anatomy SGIS*





1 Cross sections and tracts of

spinal cord

· Draw and label cross-

sections of spinal cord (S)

· Draw and label ascending

and descending tracts of

spinal cord. (S)

· Internal structure of spinal

cord

· Tracts of spinal cord

SGIS

(2 Hours) OSPE*

2 Cross sections of brain stem

· Draw and label crossections

of brain stem. (S)

·

· Medulla

· Pons

· Midbrain

SGIS (2 Hours)

OSPE

3 Nuclei of diencephalon

· Draw and label nuclei of

diencephalon. (S)

· Thalamus

· Hypothalamus SGIS (2 Hours)

OSPE

4 Cross sections of telencephalon

· Draw and label sections of

telencephalon. (S)

· Ventricles

· Basal ganglia

· Internal capsule SGIS

(2 Hours) OSPE

*SGIS: Small group interactive session *OSPE: Objective structured practical exam


Physiology

18

Physiology Lectures

S. No

Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students will be

able to Content Areas

Teaching Activity


1 Organization of nervous system

· Explain the organization of nervous

system and different levels of control.

(K)

· Organization of

nervous system

· Division of nervous

system

· Major levels of

central nervous

system function

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

2 Synapse I

· Explain the physiological anatomy of

synapse. (K)

· Definition of synapse

· Structure of a

synapse

· Classification of

synapse

· Presynaptic and post

synaptic nerve

terminal

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

3 Synapse II

· Discuss the properties of synapse. (K)

· One way conduction

· Excitatory and

inhibitory post

synaptic potential

· Summation –

Temporal and spatial

· Fatigue

· Facilitation

· Electrotonic

conduction

· Effects of drugs

· Effects of acidosis

and alkalosis on

synapse.

· Synaptic Delay

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

4 Neurotransmitters and neuropeptids

· Classify neurotransmitters and

neuropeptids. (K)

· Differentiate between neurotransmitters

and neuropeptids. (K)

· Definition of

neurotransmitters

and neuropeptids

· Differences

between

neurotransmitters

and neuropeptids

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

5 Receptors

· Classify Receptors and explain the

properties of receptors. (K)

· Definition of a

Receptors

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


19

· Explain the mechanism of receptor

adaptation. (K)


Receptors

· Properties of

Receptors

ü Receptors

adaptation

ü Receptors

potential

ü Signal

transduction

ü Convergence

ü Divergence

6 Nerve fiber classification

· Explain the Physiological classification

and function of Nerve fiber. (K)

· Classification and

function of Nerve

fiber

· Function of Nerve

fiber

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

7 Somatosensory cortex

· Explain the functional anatomy and role

of somatosensory areas. (K)

· Layers of

somatosensory

cortex

· Functions of

somatosensory area

I and II

· Sensory

Homunculus

· Defects resulting

from dysfunction of

somatosensory

cortex.

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

8 Transmission of somatic signal to central

nervous system I

· Explain the signal transmission in dorsal

column medial leminiscus. (K)

· Anatomy of dorsal

column medial

leminiscus

· Modalities

transmitted by dorsal

column medial

leminiscus

· Characteristics of

signal transmission

by dorsal column

medial leminiscus

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


20

9 Transmission of somatic signal to Central

nervous system II

· Describe the signal transmission in

anterolateral pathway. (K)

· Anatomy of

anterolateral

pathway

· Sensations

transmitted by

anterolateral

pathway

· Characteristics of

signal transmission

by anterolateral

pathway

· Difference between

signal transmission

by anterolateral

pathway and Dorsal

column medial

lemniscuses

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

10 Pain pathway

· Explain the dual pathways for the

transmission of pain signals into the

central nervous system.(K)

· Neospinothalamic

and

paleospinathalamic

tract for pain

· Neurotransmitters for

fast and slow pain

· Function of reticular

formation, thalamus

and cerebral cortex

in appreciation of

pain

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

11 Analgesia system

· Explain the analgesia system in brain

and spinal cord. (K)

· Components of

analgesia system

· Transmitter

substance in

analgesia system

· Inhibition of pain by

tactile signals

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

12 Referred pain

· Discuss the physiological basis of

referred pain. (K)

· Mechanism offered

pain

· Visceral pain and

partial pain

· Visceral pain and

partial pain

transmission

pathways

· Clinical

abnormalities of pain

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


21

13 Organization of spinal cord

· Draw and label cross section of spinal

cord and explain its functional

importance. (S,K)

· Spinal cord at

different levels

· Functional

importance

· Effects of lesions

· Brown sequard

syndrome

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

14 Muscle spindle I

· Classify reflexes. (K)

· Explain the function of muscle spindle.

(K)

· Definition of reflex


reflexes

· Structure of Muscle

Spindle

· Static and dynamic

response

· Role of gamma

motor neurons in

controlling in

controlling intensity

of static and dynamic

response

· Role of muscle

spindle in maintain

muscle tone

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

15 Muscle Spindle II

· Explain the neuronal circuitry and

functions of muscle stretch reflex. (K)

· Damping function of

muscle spindle

· Role of Muscle

Spindle in voluntary

motor activity

· Control of gamma

motor system

· Role of muscle

spindle in stabilizing

body position

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

16 Golgi tendon reflex

· Describe the structure of golgi tendon

organ and discuss the function of golgi

tendon reflex. (K)

· Structure of golgi

tendon organ

· Control of muscle

tension by golgi

tendon reflex

· Prevention of muscle

tension by Golgi

tendon organ

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


22

17 Withdrawal and crossed extensor reflex

· Explain the neuronal mechanism of

withdrawal and crossed extensor reflex.

(K)

· Pathways of

Withdrawal and

crossed extensor

reflex Pattern of

withdrawal during

the stretch reflex

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

18 Motor cortex I

· Explain the location and function of

primary motor, supplementary motor

and premotor cortex. (K)

· Location and

function of primary

motor,

supplementary

motor and premotor

cortex

· Motor homunculus

· Effects resulting

from dysfunction of

each area

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

19 Motor cortex II

· Explain the transmission of signals from

motor cortex to the muscles. (K)

· Corticospinal tracts

· Function of

corticorubrospinal

system

· Somatosensory

feed back to motor

cortex

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

20 Control of motor function of brainstem

· Describe the role of pontine and

medullary reticular formation in

maintaining balance and posture. (K)

· Functions of

brainstem

· Role of reticular

and vestibular

nuclei in maintain

posture

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

21 Vestibular apparatus I

· Describe the role of vestibular

apparatus in maintenance of static

equilibrium. (K)

· Sensory organs -

utricle and saccule

· Mechanism of

generation of

receptor potential in

hair cells

· Detection of linear

acceleration by

utricle and saccule

maculae

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

22 Vestibular apparatus II

· Describe the role of vestibular

apparatus in maintenance of

equilibrium during angular acceleration

and deccelarion .(K)

· Structure and

orientation of

semicircular ducts

in vestibular

apparatus

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


23

· Detection of head

rotation by

semicircular ducts

· Predictive function

of semicircular

ducts system in

maintenance of

equilibrium

· Vestibular

mechanism of

stabilizing eyes

23 Cerebellum I

· Explain the functional division and

neuronal circuit of cerebellum. (K)

· Anatomical and

functional division

of cerebellum

· Topography of

cerebellum

· Neuronal circuit of

cerebellum

· Functional unit of

cerebellar cortex

and deep nuclear

cells

· Neuronal circuit of

cerebellum

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

24 Cerebellum II

· Describe the functions of different

division s of cerebellum.(K)

· Functions of

cerebellum in

overall motor

control

· Functions of

spinocerebellum

· Functions of

vestibulocerebellum

· Functions of

cerebrocerebellum

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

25 Cerebellum III

· Explain the pathophysiology of

different manifestation of cerebellar

dysfunction. (K)

· Clinical

abnormalities of

cerebellum and their

pathophysiology

Ø dysmetria and

ataxia

Ø past pointing

Ø failure of progression

–

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


24

dysdiadochokinesia

Ø dysarthria

Ø intention tremors

Ø cerebellar

nystagmus

26 Basal ganglia I

· Explain the neuronal circuitry of basal

ganglia. (K)

· Explain the role of basal ganglia in

motor and cognitive control. (K)

· Neuronal circuitry of

basal ganglia

Ø Caudate circuit

Ø Putamen circuit

· Neurotransmitters

in the basal ganglia

system

· Role of basal

ganglia in executing

motor activity

· Role of basal

ganglia for cognitive

control

· Role of basal

ganglia to time and

scale the intensity

of movements

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

27 Basal ganglia II

· Describe the pathophysiology and

clinical manifestations of basal ganglia.

(K)

· Abnormal function

of putamen and

caudate circuit-

Athetosis

,Hemiballimus,

Chorea

· Agnosia

· Parkinsonism

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

28 Cerebral cortex /Higher mental functions

· Explain the different functional layers of

cerebral cortex. (K)

· Describe the functions of different

cortical areas. (K)

· layers of cerebral

cortex

· Location of

association areas in

cerebral cortex

· Association areas –

location and

function

· Function of

interpretive areas

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

29 Speech Physiology

· Discuss the physiology of Speech. (K)

· Location of broca,s

and Wernicke,s

area

· Pathway of speech

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


25

for visual and

auditory signals

· Concept of

dominant and non

dominant

hemisphere

30 Memory

· Explain the physiology of memory. (K)

· Definition of

learning and

memory


memory

· Physiological basis

of long term and

short term memory

· Retrograde and

antegrade amnesia

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

31 Limbic system

· Describe the function s of each of the

structure comprising limbic system (K)

· Areas comprising

limbic system

· Functions of limbic

system

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

32 Vegetative and endocrine functions of

hypothalamus

· Discuss the functions of hypothalamus.

(K)

· Division of

hypothalamus

· Nuclei of

hypothalamus

· List of functions of

hypothalamus

· Role of reward and

punishment center

· Role of

hypothalamus in

temperature

regulation

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

33 Physiology of Sleep

· Explain the physiology of sleep. (K)

· Definition of sleep

· Types of sleep

· Difference between

REM and NREM

sleep

· Basic theories of

sleep

· Functions of sleep

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

34 Electroencephalogram

· Describe different EEG waves and

significance of each. (K)

· Electroencephalogr

am

· –origin and

significance of

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


26

EEG Waves –

alpha ,beta ,gamma

theta, sleep spindle

35 Autonomic nervous system I

· Describe the general organization of

Autonomic nervous system. (K)

· Physiological

anatomy of

sympathetic

nervous system

· Physiological

anatomy of

parasympathetic

nervous system

· Basic

characteristics of

sympathetic and

parasympathetic

nervous system

· Receptors of

sympathetic and

parasympathetic

nervous system

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

36 Autonomic nervous system II

· Describe the effects of Autonomic

nervous system on various organs of

the body. (K)

· Effects of

sympathetic and

parasympathetic

nervous system on

various body

organs

· Dual innervations of

various body

organs

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

37 Cerebrospinal fluid

· Discuss the production, regulation and

functions of cerebrospinal fluid. (K)

· Blood Brain barrier

· Production of

cerebrospinal fluid

· Regulation of

cerebrospinal fluid

production

· Functions of

cerebrospinal fluid

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


27

Physiology SGIS

S. No



Teaching Activity


1 Transmission and processing of signals in

neuronal pool

· Explain the signal transmission and

processing in neuronal pool. (K)

· Diverging and

converging circuits

· Reverberating circuits

· Synaptic after

discharge

· Instability and stability

of neuronal circuits

· Long term changes in

synaptic sensitivity

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS

2 Ascending Tracts

· Explain the transmission of sensory

signals to central nervous system. (K)

· Lateral and anterior

spinothalamic tract

· Dorsal column medial

lemniscuses

· Reticulospinal and

rubrospina ltracts

· Spinocerebellar tracts

Role of

corticofugalsignals

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS

3 Headache and Thermal sensations.

· Classify headache and explain the

pathophysiology of different types of

headache. (K)

· Explain the transmission of thermal

sensation to central nervous system.

(K)

· Causes and

pathophysiology of

intracranial

headache.

· Causes and

pathophysiology of

extracranial

headache.

· Distribution of cold

and warm receptors

· Transmission of

thermal sensation to

central nervous

system

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS

4 Gate control theory of pain

· Explain the gate control theory of pain.

(K)

· Neospinothalamic

and

paleospinathalamic

tract for pain

pathways

· Function of reticular

formation, Thalamus

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS


28

and cerebral cortex

in appreciation of pain

· Analgesia system

· Gate control theory of

pain

5 Functions of brainstem

· Explain the role of brainstem in

controlling motor function .(K)

· Components of

Analgesia system

· Transmitter

substance in

Analgesia system

· Inhibition of pain by

tactile signals

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS

6 Disorders of cerebellum

· Describe the pathophysiology of signs

and symptoms of cerebellar

dysfunction. (K)

· Cerebellar disorders and

pathophysiology

ü Dysdiadochokinesia

ü Dysemetria

ü Dysarthria

ü Intention tremors

ü Nystagmus

ü Past pointing

ü Ataxia

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS

7 Functions of cortical association areas

· Describe the role of cortical association

areas. (K)

· Function of Parito-

occipital association area.

· Function of limbic

association area

· Prefrontal association

areas

· Function of Wernicke,s

and broca,s area

· Concept of dominant

hemisphere

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS

8 Disorders of memory and speech

· Describe the causes and

pathophysiology of short term and

long term memory loss. (K)

· Describe the difference between global

and sensory aphasia. (K)

· Retrograde and antegrade

amnesia

· Causes of retrograde and

antegrade amnesia

· Global aphasia

· Motor aphasia

· Sensory aphasia

SGIS 2 hours

MCQS SEQS


29

Physiology Prac�cals

S. No



Teaching Activity


1. Neurological Examination (Examination of

sensory system )

· Examine the sensory system of a given

subject observing the protocol and all

the precautions. (S)

· Narrate the findings in a given subject.

(S)

· Procol-Introduction,

consent , right sided

approach, exposure

· Examination of sensory

system

Ø Mental status

Ø Neck, face, speech,

reflexes, coordination,

sensory function

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

2 Neurological Examination (Examination of motor system)

· Examine the sensory system of a given

subject observing the protocol and all

the precautions. (S)

· Narrate the findings in a given subject.

(S)

· Examination of motor

system

Ø Check the muscle

bulk, tone ,power of

upper limb and lower

limb

Ø Coordination

Ø Gait

Ø Involuntary

Movements

Ø Speech

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

3 Examination of superficial human reflexes

· Examine the superficial reflexes. (S)

· Adopts gentleness during interaction

with the subject. (A)

· superficial

reflexes(Planter,

abdominal, scapular ,

corneal reflex)

· Protocol while examining

reflexes.

· Components of reflex

· Root value of reflex

· Conditions in which

reflexes are exaggerated

of depressed

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

4 Examination of deep human reflexes

· Examine the deep reflexes. (S)

· Adopts gentleness during interaction

with the subject. (A)

· Deep reflexes (Knee jerk,

ankle jerk, ankle clonus,

triceps jerk, biceps jerk,

ankle jerk, supinator jerk,

jaw jerk)

· Protocol while examining

reflexes

· Root value of reflex

Practical 2 hours

OSPE


30

· Conditions in which reflex

es are exaggerated of

depressed

5 Examination of cranial nerves

· Examine the cranial nerves V, VII, IX, X, XI

and XII in a given subject. (S)

· Organize the examination in a manner which

is comfortable for the patient. (A)

· Sensory and motor

component of Trigeminal

nerve(cranial nerve V )

· Sensory and motor

component of Facial

nerve(cranial nerve VII)

· Examination of

glossopharyngeal nerve

(cranial nerve IX)

· Examination of vagus

nerve (cranial nerve X)

· Examination of Accessory

nerve (cranial nerve XI)

· Examination of

hypoglossal nerve (cranial

nerve XII)

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

6 Examination of cerebellum

· Perform the cerebellar function tests on a

given subject.(S)

· Follow the protocol during examination.(A)

· Proper protocol

· Cerebeller function test

Rombergs sign Past

Pointing Cerebellar

Nystagmus Intention

tremor Hypotonia

Rebound Phenomenon

dysdiadochokinesia Gait

Cerebellar Ataxia

(HeelKneeShin Test)

Pendular Knee Jerk

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

7 Recording of body temperature

· Record the core body temperature of a

given subject .(S)

· Normal body temperature

and sites of recording

· Method of recording

· Adjustments of

temperature reading at

different sites

Practical 2 hours

OSPE


31

Physiology Seminars

S. No

Topics Content Areas Teaching Activity


1

Synapse, neurotransmitters and receptors

· Classification of synapse

· Properties of synapse


Neurotransmitters

· Receptor and

classification

· Properties of receptors

Student Presentation


2

Pain physiology

· Types of pain

· Pathway of slow pain

· Pathway of fast pain

· Analgesia system

· Gate control theory of pain

· Role of endorphins in

analgesia system



3

Transmission of sensory signals

· Dorsal column medial

lemniscuses pathway

· Anterolateral Pathways

· Difference between dorsal

coloumn

· And medial leminescus

pathway

· Brown sequard syndrome



4

Muscle sensory receptors

· Structure of muscle

spindle

· Sensory function of

muscle spindle

· Role of muscle spindle in

voluntary mortar activity

· Clinical application of

stretch reflex

· Golgi Tendon Reflex




32

5

Cerebellum and basal ganglia

· Neuronal circuitry of

Cerebellum

· Functions of

spinocerebellum

· Functions of

vestibulocerebellum

· Functions of

cerebrocerebellum

· Putamen circuit

· Caudate Circuit




Biochemistry

33

Biochemistry Lectures

S. No



Teaching Activity


1

Plasma lipoproteins metabolism-I

· Discuss the chylomicron metabolism. (K)

· Composition and

metabolism of chylomicrons LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

2

Plasma lipoproteins metabolism-II

· Describe metabolism of VLDL & LDL. (K)

· Composition and

metabolism of VLDL & LDL LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

3

Plasma lipoproteins metabolism-III

· Describe metabolism of HDL. (K)

· Composition and

metabolism of HDL LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

4

Fatty acid denovo synthesis-I

· Describe cytosolic acetyl CoA production.

(K)

· Transfer of acetate units

from mitochondria to

cytosol

· Transport of citrate to

cytosol

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

5

Fatty acid denovo synthesis-II

· Describe the acetyl CoA carboxylation to

malonyl CoA. (K)

· Describe the acetyl CoA carboxylase long

term regulation. (K)

· Eukaryotic fatty acid

synthase complex

· Reductant sources

· Chain elongation &

desaturation

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

6

Fat storage as triacylglycerol components

· Discuss the formation and storage of

neutral fat. (K)

· Formation of TAG

o TAG storage and

function

o Glycerol 3-

phosphate synthesis

o Fatty acid activation

o TAG synthesis

· TAG fate in liver and

adipose tissue

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

7

Fatty acid oxidation-I

· Discuss the process of fat mobilization.

(K)

· Fatty acid release from fat

Ø Hormone-sensitive

lipase regulation

Ø Fate of glycerol

Ø Fate of fatty acids

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

8

Fatty acid oxidation-II

· Describe the long chain fatty acid transport

into mitochondria. (K)

· Carnitine shuttle

Ø Transport of LCFA

into mitochondria LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


34

9

Fatty acid oxidation-III

· Describe the reactions of beta oxidation.(K)

· Reactions of beta oxidation

· Energy yield of beta

oxidation

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

10

Ketone body metabolism-I

· Describe the significance and regulation of

ketogenesis.(K)

· Ketogenesis

Ø Significance

Ø Regulation LGIS

1 hour MCQs SEQs

11

Ketone body metabolism-II

· Describe ketolysis. (K)

· Ketone body utilization

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

12

Phospholipid metabolism

· Discuss phospholipid degradation and

synthesis. (K)

· Phospholipid metabolism

LGIS

1 hour MCQs SEQs

13

Glycolipid metabolism

· Describe the metabolism of glycolipids. (K)

· Metabolism of glycolipids

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

14.

Lipid storage diseases

· Describe the lipid storage diseases.(K)

· Lipid storage diseases

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

15

Metabolism of cholesterol-I

· Describe the synthesis of cholesterol. (K)

· Cholesterol synthesis

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

16

Metabolism of cholesterol-II

Discuss the regulation of cholesterol synthesis.

(K)

· Regulation of cholesterol

synthesis LGIS

1 hour MCQs SEQs

17

Fate of Cholesterol

· Discuss the various fates of cholesterol in

the body. (K)

· Cholesterol fates

LGIS

1 hour MCQs SEQs

18

Prostaglandin metabolism

· Metabolism of prostaglandins. (K)

· Prostaglandin metabolism

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

19

Integration of metabolism-I

· Describe the integration of metabolic

pathways. (K)


LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

20

Integration of metabolism-II

· Describe the integration of metabolic

pathways. (K)


LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs


35

Biochemistry Practicals

S. No



Teaching Activity


1. Estimation of serum triglycerides

· Perform estimation of serum trriglycerides.

(S)

· Handle the chemistry analyzer carefully. (A)

· Clinical significance of

serum triglycerides.

· Principle for estimation of

serum triglycerides

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

2. Estimation of serum total cholesterol

· Perform estimation of serum total

cholesterol. (S)

· Handle the chemistry analyzer carefully. (A)


serum total cholesterol


serum total cholesterol

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

3. Estimation of serum LDL

· Perform estimation of serum LDL. (S)

· Handle the colorimeter carefully. (A)


serum LDL


serum LDL

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

4. Estimation of serum HDL

· Perform estimation of serum HDL. (S)

· Handle the apparatus carefully. (A)

· Functions of HDL

· Clinical significance of HDL


HDL

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

5. Detection of ketone bodies in urine

· Perform detection of urine ketone bodies.

(S)


ketone bodies

Practical 2 hours

OSPE

6. Interpretation of lab report of Diabetic

ketoacidosis, fasting lipid profile


ketone bodies in diabetes

and fasting lipid prolfile

Practical 2 hours

OSPE


36

Biochemistry Seminars

S. No



Teaching Activity


1

Hyperlipidemia and cardiac disease

· Discuss lipoprotein metabolism. (K)

· Lipoprotein metabolism

· Atherosclerosis

Student Presentation 07 minutes


2

Fat storage and obesity

· Discuss storage of fat in adipose tissue. (K)

· Formation of TAG

o TAG storage and

function

o Glycerol 3-phosphate

synthesis

o Fatty acid activation

o TAG synthesis

· TAG fate in liver and

adipose tissue



3

Beta oxidation its significance and disorders

· Discuss fatty acid oxidation and its clinical

aspects. (K)

· Fatty acid release from fat

· Hormone-sensitive lipase

regulation

· Fate of glycerol

· Fate of fatty acids

· Carnitine shuttle

· Transport of LCFA into

mitochondria

· Reactions of beta oxidation

· Energy yield of beta

oxidation



4

Ketone body metabolism

· Discuss ketogenesis and ketolysis. (K)

· Ketone body formation

· Ketone body utilization



5

Prostaglandin metabolism with reference to

COX-I & COX-II

· Discuss the role of cox-i& cox-ii in

prostaglandin metabolism. (K)

· Prostaglandin metabolic

pathways Student Presentation 07 minutes



37

Biochemistry SGIS*

S. No



Teaching Activity


1

Liver: cross roads of various metabolic

pathways

· Describe the aspects of carbohydrate, fat

and protein metabolism in liver. (K)

· Processing and distribution

of dietary nutrients SGIS 2 hours

MCQs SEQs

2

Adipose tissue: An energy storage depot

· Describe the aspects of carbohydrate, fat

and protein metabolism in adipose tissue.

(K)

· Adipose tissue in

distribution of fuel

molecules

SGIS 2 hours

MCQs SEQs

3

Resting skeletal muscle & fuel metabolism

· Discuss the relationship of fuel metabolism

in skeletal muscle. (K)

· Understanding the various

aspects of fuel distribution

during different

physiological states in

muscle

SGIS 2 hours

MCQs SEQs

4

Brain fuel metabolism

· Discuss brain fuel metabolism under

various physiological states. (K)

· Understanding the various

aspects of fuel distribution

during different

physiological states in brain

SGIS 2 hours

MCQs SEQs

5

Integration of different metabolic pathways in

fasting

· Describe the biochemical aspects of fasting.

(K)

· Understanding biochemical

aspects of fasting SGIS 2 hours

MCQs SEQs

6

Kidney in long term fasting

· Describe the role of kidney in long term

fasting. (K)

· Role of kidney in fasting SGIS

2 hours MCQs SEQs

*SGIS: Small group interac�ve session


38

INTEGRATED SEMINARS

S. No Topics Content Areas Teaching Activity


1.

Stroke

Anatomy,

Physiology,

biochemistry and

Pharmacology,

Pathology

Student Presenta�on 7 minutes

Marking / Evalua�on Marks 10

2.

Demen�a/Alzheimer disease

Anatomy,

Physiology,

biochemistry and

Pharmacology,

Pathology

Student Presenta�on 7 minutes

Marking / Evalua�on Marks 10

PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) AND CASE BASED LEARNING (CBL)

· 3 PBLs will be introduced in this module.

· Each will be introduced in one week and will be discussed in the next one taking four weeks

in total

· In the last week a case based learning will be carried out.

Learning Tool Themes Disease scenario outline Subjects integrated in PBL

PBL 1 I cannot Feel, I cannot

move Brown Sequard Syndrome

Learning objectives will be from

Anatomy, Physiology,

Biochemistry and Pharmacology

PBL 2 Adult man with headache

and Vertigo Acoustic neuroma


Anatomy, Physiology,

Biochemistry and Pathology

PBL 3 Shaking Palsy Parkinsonism


Physiology, Biochemistry,

Anatomy and pharmacology

Learning Resources:

The students will be guided to look for the relevant study material from the books guided by

each discipline in this study guide in their relevant section in addition to the other reference

books from the college library


VerticalIntegration

39

Medicine Lecture





1 Stroke

· Differen�ate between

ischemic and

hemorrhagic stroke. (K)

· Iden�fy the risk factors

for stroke. (K)

· Defini�on and types of

stroke

· Clinical features and Risk

factors

· Localiza�on of the lesion

· Relevant inves�ga�ons

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs SAQs

Learning resource: Davidsons Principle and practice of Medicine, 22nd Ed, part 2


40

Pharmacology Lectures





1. Drugs acting on CNS (channels,

receptors ,synapse )

· Correlate the functional organization

of the CNS and its synaptic

transmitters with the actions of drugs

acting in the central nervous system

(CNS). (K)

· Sites of drug action in relation to

the organization of the CNS, ion

channels, neurotransmitter

receptors, synapse & synaptic

potential

· Neurotransmitter pharmacology in

relation to central neurotransmitters

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

2. Analgesics

· Discuss pharmacological

management of pain. (K)

Ø Drug groups

Ø Mechanism of action used as

analgesics in relation to physiology

of endogenous analgesia system;

Ø Major adverse effects

Ø Therapeutic use

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

3. Drugs used in Parkinson’s disease

· Outline the basic pharmacology of

pharmacologic management of

Parkinsonism. (K)

Ø Pathophysiology of Parkinsonism

Ø Classification of drugs

Ø Mechanism of action

Ø Adverse effects

Ø Therapeutic indications

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

4. Anxiolytic, hypnotic and

antidepressant drugs

· Outline the basic pharmacology of

drugs used in anxiety, sleep disorders

and depression.(K)

Anxiolytic and hypnotic

Ø Classification


Ø Adverse effects


· Antidepressant drugs

Ø Pathophysiology of major

depression

Ø Classification


Ø Adverse effects


LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQs

Learning resource: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Bertram G. Katzung, 13th edition, 2015


41

Community Medicine Lecture





1 · Discuss the epidemiology and

preventive measures for mental

health issues. (K)

· Definitions of mental health

· Types of mental health

· Epidemiological determinants of

mental health

· Preventive measures

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQ

Learning resource: Parks Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. K. PARK, 23 rd Ed. 2016


42

Pediatrics Lectures





1 · Discuss the clinical approach to

child with meningitis.(K)

· Discuss the clinical approach to

child with febrile fits .(K)

· Meningitis

ü Clinical presentation

ü Complications

ü Management

· Febrile fits

ü Definition

ü Classification

ü Management

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQS

2 · Outline the differential diagnosis of

acute flaccid paralysis .(K)

· Discuss the clinical approach to

child with cerebral palsy. (K)

· Make a spot diagnosis of various

congenital malformations of neural

system.(K)

· Acute flaccid paralysis

Ø Definition

Ø Causes

· Cerebral Palsy

Ø Definition

Ø Types

Ø Management

· Congenital Anomalies –

meningomyelocele

Hydrocephalus

Neural tube defects

LGIS 1 hour

MCQs SEQS

Learning resource: Pervez Akber, Kundi. Pediatrics (9th Edi�on, Chapter 13)


Timetable

STUDY GUIDE

WEE

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Bio

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try:

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har

mac

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gy:1

P

BL:

2

TIM

ETA

BLE

NEU

RO

SCIE

NC

ES M

OD

ULE

Tim

e

08

00

-08

50

0

85

0-0

94

0

09

40

1

00

0

1000

102

0

10

20

-12

10

12

10

-13

00

13

00

13

15

13

15

-15

00

Mo

nd

ay

An

ato

my

In

tro

du

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An

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the

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Sy

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Ph

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on

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us

syst

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Islamic Study /Pak Study

B

R

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A K

Dis

sec�

on

Me

nin

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s &

sin

use

s o

f b

rain

& s

pin

al c

ord

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A.

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ato

my

Dev

elo

pm

ent

of

the

CN

S 1

A. P

hys

io

B.

Bio

C. P

hy-

SGIS

D

. H

isto

We

dn

esd

ay

An

ato

my

H

isto

logy

of

spin

al

cord

& c

ere

bel

lum

Ph

ysio

logy

Sy

nap

se II

Dis

sec�

on

Po

ns

& m

idb

rain

Bio

che

mis

try

Pla

sma

lipo

pro

tein

s

met

ab

olis

m-I

II

A.

Bio

B. P

hy-

SGIS

C. H

isto

D. P

hys

io

Thu

rsd

ay

B

ioch

emis

try

Fa

�y

aci

d d

en

ovo

syn

the

sis-

I

Ph

ysio

logy

N

eu

rotr

ansm

i�e

rs a

nd

n

eu

rop

ep

�d

s

1020

-11

10 11

10-1

300

-

13

15

-15

00

Ph

ysio

logy

Rec

ep

tors

Bio

che

mis

try

SGIS

PB

L- B

row

n s

eq

uar

d s

ynd

rom

e

Frid

ay

08

00

-09

00

09

00

-11

00

1

10

0-1

30

0 Ph

ysio

logy

N

erv

e fi

be

r cl

assi

fica

�o

n

A. P

hy-

SGIS

B

.His

to

C.

Ph

ysio

D.

Bio

Ph

arm

aco

logy

D

rugs

ac�

ng

on

syn

apse

Bio

chem

istr

y Se

min

ar

Satu

rday

Ho

liday

Sun

day

Ho

liday

Neuroscience Module

STUDY GUIDE

WEE

K 2

Teac

hin

g h

ou

rs t

his

wee

k:

An

ato

my:

11

Ph

ysio

logy

: 1

0B

ioch

em

istr

y: 9

Ph

arm

aco

logy

:1 P

BL:

2

TIM

ETA

BLE

NEU

RO

SCIE

NC

ES M

OD

ULE

Tim

e

08

00

-08

50

0

85

0-0

94

0

09

40

1

00

0

1000

1020

10

20

-12

10

12

10

-13

00

13

00

13

15

13

15

-15

00

Mo

nd

ay

An

ato

my

H

isto

logy

of

cere

bra

l co

rtex

P

hys

iolo

gy

Som

ato

sen

sory

Co

rte

x


B

R

E

A K

Dis

sec�

on

Ce

reb

ellu

m a

nd

d

ien

cep

hal

on

B

ioch

em

istr

y Fa

�y

aci

d d

en

ovo

syn

thes

is-I

I

Namaz Break

A.

His

to-c

ere

bra

l co

rte

x B

. Ph

ysio

–Ex

amin

a�o

n o

f m

oto

r s

yste

m

C. B

io-

Es�

ma�

on

of

To

tal c

ho

lest

ero

l D

. Ph

y-SG

IS A

sce

nd

ing

trac

ts

Tu

esd

ay

Ph

ysio

logy

Tr

ansm

issi

on

of

som

a�c

si

gnas

l to

CN

S I

Bio

chem

istr

y

Fat

sto

rage

as

tria

cylg

lyce

rol

Dis

sec�

on

Ce

reb

rum

-I

(Su

pro

late

ral

Surf

ace

)

A

nat

om

y D

evel

op

men

t o

f C

NS

-II

A. P

hys

io

B. B

io C

. Ph

y-TU

T D

. H

isto

We

dn

esd

ay

Bio

chem

istr

y

Fa�

y a

cid

oxi

da�

on

-I

P

hys

iolo

gy

Tran

smis

sio

n o

f so

ma�

c si

gnal

s

to

CN

S II

Dis

sec�

on

Ce

reb

rum

-II

(M

ed

ial A

nd

Infe

rio

r

Surf

ace

)

B

ioch

em

istr

y Fa

�y

aci

d o

xid

a�o

n-I

I

A. B

io B

. Ph

y-TU

T C

. His

to D

. Ph

ysio

Thu

rsd

ay

Bio

chem

istr

y

SEM

INA

R

Ph

ysio

logy

P

ain

Pat

hw

ay

1020

-11

10 11

10-1

200

12

00

-13

00

13

15

-15

00

Ph

ysio

logy

An

alge

sia

sys

tem

Ph

arm

a P

ain

man

age

men

t

Sem

inar

An

ato

my

PB

L- B

row

n s

eq

uar

d s

ynd

rom

e

Frid

ay

08

00

-09

00

09

00

-11

00

11

00

-13

00

Ph

ysio

logy

Se

min

ar

A. P

hy-

TUT

B

.His

to

C.

Ph

ysio

D.

Bio

Bio

chem

istr

y SG

IS Sa

turd

ay

Ho

liday

Sun

day

Ho

liday

Neuroscience Module


STUDY GUIDE

WEE

K 4

Teac

hin

g h

ou

rs t

his

wee

k:

An

ato

my

: 11

Ph

ys

iolo

gy

: 11

Bio

ch

em

istr

y:

8P

BL

: 2

TIM

ETA

BLE

NEU

RO

SCIE

NC

ES M

OD

ULE

Tim

e

08

00

-085

0

08

50

-094

0

09

40

1

00

0

10

00

1

02

0

10

20

-121

0

12

10

-130

0 1

30

0 1

31

5

13

15

-150

0

Mo

nd

ay

An

ato

my

C

ran

ial N

erv

es

and

th

eir

N

ucl

ei

Ph

ysio

logy

W

ith

dra

wal

an

d

cro

sse

d e

xte

nso

r re

fle

x


B

R

E

A

K

Dis

sec�

on

W

hit

e m

a�e

r &

bas

al ga

ngl

ian

B

ioch

em

istr

y G

lyco

lipid

me

tab

olis

m

Namaz Break

A. A

nat

om

y SG

ISC

ross

ec�

on

s o

f B

rain

Ste

m

B.

Ph

ysio

–De

ep

re

fle

xes

C. B

io-

Es�

ma�

on

of

seru

m H

DL

D. P

hy-

SGIS

; P

ain

Pat

hw

ay a

nd

gat

e c

on

tro

l th

eo

ry o

f

pai

n

Tue

sday

Ph

ysio

logy

M

oto

r co

rte

x I

Bio

che

mis

try

Li

pid

sto

rage

D

ise

ase

s

Dis

sec�

on

Ho

rizo

nta

l Se

c�o

ns

A

nat

om

y D

eve

lop

me

nt

of

CN

S IV

A. P

hys

io

B. B

io C

. P

hy-

TUT

D. H

isto

We

dn

esd

ay

Bio

che

mis

try

M

eta

bo

lism

of

ch

ole

ste

rol-

I

Ph

ysio

logy

M

oto

r co

rte

x II

Dis

sec�

on

Co

ron

al S

ec�

on

s

Ph

ysio

logy

Co

ntr

ol o

f m

oto

r fu

nc�

on

of

bra

inst

em

A. B

io B

. Ph

y-TU

T C

. His

to D

. Ph

ysio

Thu

rsd

ay

B

ioch

em

istr

y

Me

tab

olis

m o

f

cho

lest

ero

l-II

Ph

ysio

logy

V

es�

bu

lar

app

arat

us

I

10

20

-111

0

11

10

-120

0 1

20

0-1

300

13

15

-150

0 St

ud

en

t Fe

ed

bac

k M

ee

�n

g

Gro

up

1 &

2 P

hys

io G

rou

p 3

& 4

An

ato

my

Gro

up

5 &

6 B

ioch

em

An

ato

my

SE

MIN

AR

Ph

ysio

logy

revi

sio

n

PB

L- A

cou

s�c

ne

uro

ma

Frid

ay

08

00

-090

0

09

00

-110

0

11

00

-130

0 P

hys

iolo

gy

SEM

INA

R

A. P

hy-

TUT

B

.

His

to

C. P

hys

io

D

. Bio

Bio

che

mis

try

SGIS

Satu

rday

Ho

liday

Sun

day

Ho

liday

Neuroscience Module

STUDY GUIDE

WEE

K 5

Teac

hin

g h

ou

rs t

his

wee

k:

An

ato

my:

11

Ph

ysio

logy

: 9B

ioch

em

istr

y: 8

P

BL:

2In

tegr

ate

d S

em

inar

-2

Me

dic

ine

: 1

TIM

ETA

BLE

NEU

RO

SCIE

NC

ES M

OD

ULE

Tim

e

08

00

-085

0

08

50

-094

0

09

40

1

00

0

10

00

1

02

0

10

20

-121

0

12

10

-130

0 1

30

0 1

31

5

13

15

-150

0

Mo

nd

ay

An

ato

my

A

uto

no

mic

Ne

rvo

us

Syst

em

Ph

ysio

logy

V

es�

bu

lar

app

arat

us

II


B

R

E

A

K

Dis

sec�

on

Inte

rac�

ve s

ess

ion

B

ioch

em

istr

y C

ho

lest

ero

l d

egr

ada�

on

Namaz Break

A. A

nat

om

y SG

ISN

uce

li o

f D

ien

cep

hal

on

B.

Ph

ysio

– C

ran

ia n

erv

es

C.

Bio

-De

tec�

on

of

kto

ne

bo

die

s in

th

e u

rin

e D

. Ph

y-SG

IS C

ere

be

llar

dis

ord

ers

Tue

sday

Me

dic

ine

St

roke

Bio

che

mis

try

P

rost

agla

nd

in

me

tab

olis

m

Dis

sec�

on

A

sce

nd

ing

Trac

ts o

f Sp

inal

Co

rd

An

ato

my

Co

nge

nit

al A

no

mal

ies

Of

Ne

rvo

us

Syst

em

A.

Ph

ysio

B

. B

io C

. P

hy-

TUT

D.H

isto

We

dn

esd

ay

Bio

che

mis

try

In

tegr

a�o

n o

f

me

tab

olis

m I

Ph

ysio

logy

C

ere

be

llum

I

Dis

sec�

on

De

sce

nd

ing

Trac

ts o

f

Spin

al C

ord

B

ioch

em

istr

y SE

MIN

AR

A. B

io B

. Ph

y-TU

T C

. His

to D

. Ph

ysio

Thu

rsd

ay

An

ato

my

SE

MIN

AR

Ph

ysio

logy

C

ere

be

llum

II

10

20

-111

0

11

10

-130

0

13

15

-150

0

P

hys

iolo

gy C

ere

be

llum

III

B

ioch

em

istr

y SG

IS

PB

L- P

arki

nso

nis

m

Frid

ay

08

00

-090

0

09

00

-100

0

09

00

-110

0

11

00

-130

0

Ph

ysio

logy

SE

MIN

AR

A. P

hy-

TUT

B

.

His

to

C. P

hys

io

D

. Bio

Inte

grat

ed

Se

min

ar (

Ke

ype

rso

n a

nat

om

y d

ep

t )

STR

OK

E

Satu

rday

Ho

liday

Sun

day

Ho

liday

Neuroscience Module

STUDY GUIDE

WEE

K 6

Teac

hin

g h

ou

rs t

his

wee

k:

An

ato

my:

11

Ph

ysio

logy

: 11

Bio

che

mis

try:

5

PB

L: 2

In

tegr

ated

Se

min

ar-

2 C

om

mu

nit

y m

ed

icin

e-1

Ph

arm

aco

logy

:1

TIM

ETA

BLE

NEU

RO

SCIE

NC

ES M

OD

ULE

Tim

e

08

00

-085

0

08

50

-094

0

09

40

1

00

0

10

00

1

02

0

10

20

-121

0

12

10

-130

0 1

30

0 1

31

5

13

15

-150

0

Mo

nd

ay

An

ato

my

D

ien

cep

hal

on

-1

Ph

ysio

logy

B

asal

ga

ngl

ia I


B

R

E

A

K

Dis

sec�

on

In

tern

al S

tru

ctu

re o

f M

ed

ulla

P

har

mac

olo

gy

P

arki

nso

nis

m

Namaz Break

A.

An

ato

my

SGIS

Cro

sse

c�o

ns

of

Tele

nce

ph

alo

n B

. P

hys

io –

Exam

ina�

on

of

cere

be

llum

C

. Bio

- In

terp

reta

�o

n o

f la

b r

ep

ort

of

Dia

be

�c

keto

acid

osi

s D

. Ph

y-SG

IS-

Fun

c�o

n o

f co

r�ca

lass

oci

a�o

n a

reas

Tue

sday

Ph

ysio

logy

B

asal

ga

ngl

ia

II

Bio

che

mis

try

In

tegr

a�o

n o

f

me

tab

olis

m II

Dis

sec�

on

In

tern

al S

tru

ctu

re o

f P

on

s &

Mid

bra

in

An

ato

my

Die

nce

ph

alo

n -

2

A. P

hys

io

B. B

io C

. Ph

y-TU

T D

. H

isto

We

dn

esd

ay

Bio

che

mis

try

SE

MIN

AR

Ph

ysio

logy

Ce

reb

ral c

ort

ex

/

Hig

he

r m

en

tal

fun

c�o

ns

Ph

ysio

logy

Re

visi

on

Co

mm

un

ity

me

dic

ine

M

en

tal h

eal

th

A.

Bio

B. P

hy-

TUT

C. H

isto

D. P

hys

io

Thu

rsd

ay

An

ato

my

R

e�

cula

r Fo

rma�

on

&

Lim

bic

Sys

tem

Ph

ysio

logy

P

hys

iolo

gy o

f sp

ee

ch

10

20

-111

0

11

10

-120

0 1

20

0-1

300

13

15

-150

0

Ph

ysio

logy

Me

mo

ry

An

ato

my

SE

MIN

AR

Bio

SGIS

PB

L- P

arki

nso

nis

m

Frid

ay

08

00

-090

0

09

00

-100

0

09

00

-110

0

11

00

-130

0

Ph

ysio

logy

SE

MIN

AR

A. P

hy-

TUT

B

.

His

to

C. P

hys

io

D

. Bio

Inte

grat

ed

Se

min

ar (

Ke

ype

rso

n p

hys

io d

ep

t )

DEM

ENTI

A

Satu

rday

Ho

liday

Sun

day

Ho

liday

Neuroscience Module


WEE

K 7

Teac

hin

g h

ou

rs t

his

wee

k:

An

ato

my:

9

Ph

ysio

logy

: 12

Bio

che

mis

try:

6

Pe

ad

s—1

P

har

ma

colo

gy-1

Pat

ho

logy

-1 M

ed

icin

e/

CB

L: 2

TIM

ETA

BLE

NEU

RO

SCIE

NC

ES M

OD

ULE

Tim

e

08

00

-085

0

08

50

-094

0

09

40

1

00

0

10

00

1

02

0

10

20

-121

0

12

10

-130

0 1

30

0 1

31

5

13

15

-150

0

Mo

nd

ay

An

ato

my

B

asal

Gan

glia

&

Inte

rnal

Cap

sule

Ph

ysio

logy

Li

mb

ic s

yste

m


B

R

E

A

K

Dis

sec�

on

Ii

nte

rnal

Str

uct

ure

of

Ce

reb

ellu

m

B

ioch

em

istr

y re

visi

on

Namaz Break

A. H

isto

Re

vie

w B

. Ph

ysio

–R

eco

rdin

g o

f b

od

y te

mp

era

ture

C

. Bio

-Re

vie

w

D. P

hy-

SGIS

–D

iso

rde

rs o

f m

em

ory

an

d s

pe

ech

Tue

sday

Ph

ysio

logy

H

ypo

thal

amu

s

Pat

ho

logy

Ph

ysio

logy

Re

visi

on

An

ato

my

Ce

reb

ral i

nfa

rcts

an

d

he

mo

rrh

age

s

A. P

hys

io

B. B

io-r

evi

ew

C. P

hy-

SGIS

D. H

isto

We

dn

esd

ay

Ph

ysio

logy

P

hys

iolo

gy o

f Sl

ee

p

Ph

arm

aco

logy

A

nxi

oly

�c,

an

�

de

pre

ssan

ts

Dis

sec�

on

In

tera

c�ve

Se

ssio

n

Ph

ysio

logy

Ele

ctro

en

cep

hal

ogr

am

A. B

io B

. Ph

y-TU

T C

. His

to D

. Ph

ysio

Thu

rsd

ay

Pe

ads

M

en

ingi

�s,

fe

bri

le

fits

Ph

ysio

logy

A

NS

I

10

20

-111

0

11

10

-120

0

1

31

5-1

500

Ph

ysio

logy

AN

SII

An

ato

my

Se

min

ar

Bio

che

mis

try

Re

visi

on

PB

L/C

BL

Frid

ay

08

00

-090

0

09

00

-100

0

09

00

-110

0

11

00

-130

0

Ph

ysio

logy

C

SF

A. P

hy-

TUT

B

.

His

to

C. P

hys

io

D

. Bio

Bio

che

mis

try

SGIS

Satu

rday

Ho

liday

Sun

day

Ho

liday

12

00

-13

00

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