March 1–2, 2014

Salt Lake City UT, USA

VEE ’14Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS International

Conference on

Virtual Execution EnvironmentsSponsored by:

ACM SIGOPS and ACM SIGPLANIn-cooperation with:

USENIXSupported by:

VMware, Facebook, IBM and Microsoft Research

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VEE 2014 Foreword

Welcome to the 10th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS Conference on Virtual Execution Environments(VEE’14). We are happy to present the community with a strong program covering a wide rangeof virtualization topics.

This year, authors registered 56 papers, of which 49 were finalized as complete submissions.The program committee (PC) consisted of 2 chairs and 18 researchers active in virtualization-related aspects of programming languages and operating systems. Members were allowed to sub-mit papers; the co-chairs chose not to submit anything. Reviewing was double-blind and was donealmost entirely by the committee, with a little assistance from outsiders with special expertise. Allsubmissions received 4–5 reviews, and authors were given the opportunity for rebuttal before thePC meeting.

The program committee meeting was held in January at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Centerin New York. Most of the committee members were present in person. In an 8-hour session, weindividually discussed all papers but those that were marked as early rejects due to receiving onlynegative reviews. We followed conventional rules for conflict of interest, with conflicted members(including co-chairs) leaving the room during discussion of the conflicted papers. In the end, weaccepted 18 papers for presentation at the conference, of which about half were shepherded by PCmembers.

In addition to the 18 accepted papers, the VEE’14 program includes two keynote presentationsby Galen Hunt and Jan Vitek. We hope that the resulting proceedings will serve as a valuablereference for researchers and practitioners in the area of virtualization.

Putting together VEE’14 was a team effort. Without the contributions of all the authors, theconference would not continue to be relevant and interesting. The program committee worked hardin reviewing papers and shepherding accepted submissions into their final forms. Our colleagueson the organizing committee of ASPLOS 2014 were helpful in coordinating the local arrange-ments, registration, and logistics for the conference itself. Lastly, we would like to thank oursponsors (ACM SIGPLAN and SIGOPS) and our corporate supporters (VMware, Facebook, IBM,and Microsoft Research) for their continued support.

We hope that you find the conference interesting and stimulating, and that it provides the op-portunity to meet and engage with colleagues new and old from around the world.

Martin Hirzel Erez Petrank Dan TsafrirIBM Research, USA Technion, Israel Technion, IsraelVEE’14 General Chair VEE’14 Program Chair VEE’14 Program Chair

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Table of Contents

VEE 2014 Organization.............................................................................................................................vii

VEE 2014 Sponsors and Supporters.....................................................................................................ix

Session 1: Keynote #1 Dan Tsafrir (Technion - Israel Institute of Technology)

Experiences in the Land of Virtual Abstractions........................................................................................1 Galen C. Hunt (Microsoft Research)

Session 2: Bridging the Semantic Gap Don Porter (Stony Brook University) Real-Time Deep Virtual Machine Introspection and Its Applications.....................................................3

Jennia Hizver (Stony Brook University), Tzi-cker Chiueh (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan) Tesseract: Reconciling Guest I/O and Hypervisor Swapping in a VM..................................................15

Kapil Arya (Northeastern University), Yury Baskakov (VMware, Inc.), Alex Garthwaite (CloudPhysics, Inc.) Virtual Asymmetric Multiprocessor for Interactive Performance of Consolidated Desktops............29

Hwanju Kim, Sangwook Kim, Jinkyu Jeong. Joonwon Lee (Sungkyunkwan University)

Session 3: Memory Galen Hunt (Microsoft Research) Ginseng: Market-Driven Memory Allocation ...........................................................................................41

Orna Agmon Ben-Yehuda, Eyal Posener (Technion), Muli Ben-Yehuda (Technion and Stratoscale), Assaf Schuster (Technion), Ahuva Mu'alem (Technion - Israel Institute of Technology and Ort Braude)

Mortar: Filling the Gaps in Data Center Memory ...................................................................................53 Jinho Hwang (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center), Ahsen Uppal, Timothy Wood, H. Huang (The George Washington University)

CMD: Classification-Based Memory Deduplication Through Page Access Characteristics ..............65 Licheng Chen, Zhipeng Wei, Zehan Cui (Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences), Mingyu Chen (State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture), Haiyang Pan (Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences), Yungang Bao (State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture)

Session 4: Runtimes Eric Eide (University of Utah) Muscalietjs: Rethinking Layered Dynamic Web Runtimes ....................................................................77

Behnam Robatmili, Călin Caşcaval (Qualcomm Research Silicon Valley), Mehrdad Reshadi (Instart Logic), Madhukar N. Kedlaya (University of California, Santa Barbara), Seth Fowler (Mozilla), Vrajesh Bhavsar, Michael Weber (Qualcomm Research Silicon Valley), Ben Hardekopf (University of California, Santa Barbara)

A Fast Abstract Syntax Tree Interpreter for R ........................................................................................89 Tomas Kalibera (Purdue University), Petr Maj (ReactorLabs), Floreal Morandat (University of Bordeaux), Jan Vitek (Purdue University)

Deoptimization for Dynamic Language JITs on Typed, Stack-based Virtual Machines ..................103 Madhukar N. Kedlaya (University of California, Santa Barbara), Behnam Robatmili, Călin Caşcaval (Qualcomm Research Silicon Valley), Ben Hardekopf (University of California, Santa Barbara)

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Session 5: Keynote #2 Erez Petrank (Technion - Israel Institute of Technology)

The Case for the Three R’S of Systems Research: Repeatability, Reproducibility and Rigor .........115 Jan Vitek (Purdue University)

Session 6: Binary Instrumentation Orna Agmon Ben-Yehuda (Technion - Israel Institute of Technology)

Efficient Memory Virtualization for Cross-ISA System Mode Emulation .........................................117 Chao-Jui Chang, Jan-Jan Wu (Academia Sinica, Taiwan), Wei-Chung Hsu, Pangfeng Liu (National Taiwan University), Pen-Chung Yew (University of Minnesota at Twin Cities)

A Platform for Secure Static Binary Instrumentation ...........................................................................129 Mingwei Zhang, Rui Qiao, Niranjan Hasabnis, R. Sekar (Stony Brook University)

DBILL: An Efficient and Retargetable Dynamic Binary Instrumentation Framework Using LLVM Backend ...............................................................................................................................141 Yi-Hong Lyu, Ding-Yong Hong, Tai-Yi Wu, Jan-Jan Wu (Academia Sinica, Taiwan), Wei-Chung Hsu, Pangfeng Liu (National Taiwan University), Pen-Chung Yew (University of Minnesota at Twin Cities)

Session 7: Optimizations Gilles Muller (INRIA) COMMA: Coordinating the Migration of Multi-tier Applications......................................................153

Jie Zheng, T.S. Eugene Ng (Rice University), Kunwadee Sripanidkulchai (NECTEC, Thailand), Zhaolei Liu (Rice University)

Friendly Barriers: Efficient Work-Stealing with Return Barriers.......................................................165 Vivek Kumar, Stephen M. Blackburn (Australian National University), David Grove (IBM T.J. Watson Research)

String Deduplication for Java-Based Middleware in Virtualized Environments...............................177 Michihiro Horie, Kazunori Ogata, Kiyokuni Kawachiya, Tamiya Onodera (IBM Research - Tokyo)

Session 8: Reorganizing & Debugging Jonathan Appavoo (Boston University) Shrinking the Hypervisor One Subsystem at a Time: A Userspace Packet Switch

for Virtual Machines ..................................................................................................................................189 Julian Stecklina (TU Dresden)

A Virtualized Separation Kernel for Mixed Criticality Systems ..........................................................201 Ye Li, Richard West, Eric Missimer (Boston University)

Composable Multi-Level Debugging with Stackdb ................................................................................213 David Johnson, Mike Hibler, Eric Eide (University of Utah)

Author Index ................................................................................................................................................226

VEE 2014 OrganizationGeneral Chair Martin Hirzel (IBM Research)

Program Co-Chairs Erez Petrank (Technion)Dan Tsafrir (Technion)

Program Committee Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau (UW Madison)David F. Bacon (IBM Research)Muli Ben-Yehuda (Technion & Stratoscale)Dilma Da Silva (Qualcomm Research)Angela Demke Brown (University of Toronto)David Dice (Oracle)Ajay Gulati (VMware)Sam Guyer (Tufts University)Antony Hosking (Purdue University)Galen Hunt (Microsoft Research)Doug Lea (SUNY at Oswego)Gilles Muller (INRIA)Todd Mytkowicz (Microsoft Research)Mathias Payer (UC Berkeley)Donald Porter (Stony Brook University)Karsten Schwan (Georgia Tech)Liuba Shrira (Brandeis University)Bjarne Steensgaard (Microsoft)

Steering Committee Head Dilma Da Silva (Qualcomm Research)

Steering Committee Steve Blackburn (Australian National University)Marc Fiuczynski (Akamai)Steven Hand (University of Cambridge)Gernot Heiser (NICTA and UNSW)Doug Lea (SUNY at Oswego)Steve Muir (Comcast)Brian Noble (University of Michigan)Erez Petrank (Technion)Andrew Warfield (UBC)

External Reviewers Nadav Amit (Technion)Emery Berger (UMass Amherst)Yoav Etsion (Technion)Ed Nightingale (Microsoft Research)

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Sub-Reviewers Orna Agmon Ben-Yehuda (Technion)Samer Al-kiswany (UW Madison)Vijay Chidambaran (UW Madison)Florian David (INRIA)Thanh Do (UW Madison)Peter Goodman (University of Toronto)Abel Gordon (Stratoscale)Jun He (UW Madison)Benoit Hudzia (Stratoscale)William Jannen (Stony Brook University)Rafal Kolanski (Purdue University)Julia Lawall (INRIA)Lanyue Lu (UW Madison)Thanu M. Pillai (UW Madison)Lior Segev (Stratoscale)Gael Thomas (INRIA)Zev Weiss (UW Madison)Suli Yang (UW Madison)Yang Zhan (Stony Brook University)Tao Zhang (Stony Brook University)Yupu Zhang (UW Madison)

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VEE 2014 Sponsors and Supporters

Sponsors

In-cooperation with

Supporters

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