Variety Testing Hybrid Testing Dr. Chad Lee Grain Crops Extension Specialist (859) 257-3203 [email protected] Grain Crops Extension

Variety TestingVariety TestingHybrid TestingHybrid Testing

Dr. Chad LeeGrain Crops Extension Specialist(859) 257-3203 [email protected]/Ag/GrainCrops/

Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky

Chad Lee © 2004

Seed Costs

• The difference in seed cost between a high yielding variety and a low yielding variety can be as little as:


a. $10

b. $0

c. $15

d. $20

Differences Between Hybrids2003 Kentucky Corn Performance Tests

<112 RM 113-117 RM >118 RM

High (bu/A) 219.7 233.6 209.8

Low (bu/A) 180.1 185.4 182.4

Diff. (bu/A) 39.6 48.2 27.4

Price ($) / Bu $2.20 $2.20 $2.20Diff. ($) / A $87.12 $106.04 $60.28 By 100 acres $8,712 $10,604 $6,028 By 500 acres $43,560 $53,020 $30,140 By 1,000 acres $87,120 $106,040 $60,280


Differences Between Soybean Varieties

2003 Kentucky Soybean Performance TestsMG III MG IV MG V

High (bu/A) 63.9 68.4 70.0

Low (bu/A) 53.1 56.0 52.2

Diff. (bu/A) 10.8 12.4 17.8

Price ($) / Bu $5.80 $5.80 $5.80Diff. ($) / A $62.64 $71.92 $103.24 By 100 acres $6,264 $7,192 $10,324 By 500 acres $31,320 $35,960 $51,620 By 1,000 acres $62,640 $71,920 $103,240

Corn Hybrid Improvement

Kentucky Average Yield (bu/A)

<112 RM 113-117 RM >118 RM

2003 (Top) 219.7 233.6 209.8

1998 (Top) 190.3 176.6 185.5

Difference 29.4 57.0 24.3


Based on Kentucky Corn Hybrid Performance Tests

Soybean Variety Improvement

Kentucky Average Yield (bu/A)

MG III MG IV MG V

2003 (Top) 63.9 68.4 70.0

1998 (Top) 50.8 53.2 46.0

Difference 13.1 15.2 24.0


Based on Kentucky Soybean Performance Tests

Performance Trials• Goal: Identify varieties/hybrids with high yield

potential.• Method: Assess all entries as fairly and as

unbiased as possible over multiple environments.– No one can predict the weather for next season– Multiple environments are the best method: look at

yield stability

• Strengths: Fair, unbiased test.• Limitations: No test is 100% accurate.


Randomized placement of hybrids, replications at each site

Rep 3 HYB D HYB C HYB A HYB E HYB B

Rep 2 HYB B HYB A HYB E HYB C HYB D

Rep 1 HYB A HYB B HYB C HYB D HYB E


Replications Make a Difference

Trials SitesReps /

SiteTotal Reps

Two Years

Three Years

KY Soybean Trials

5 2 10 20 30

KY Corn Trials 7 3 21 42 63

KY Wheat Trials 6 4 24 48 72

Demo Trials 1 1 1 2 3


Selecting Hybrids: significant differences

• Yield is affected by the interaction of environment and genetics

• Several hybrids/varieties may have slightly different yields.

• But those differences may due to environment (variability in the field).

• Significant difference helps separate yield differences generated by variability in the field from difference in genetics


11

Table 5M-1YR. Annual Summary, 2006, Medium Hybrids (113-117 Days to Maturity), All Locations

YIELD YIELD

BU/AC BU/AC

BRAND/HYBRID 2006 BRAND/HYBRID 2006

PIONEER 33R81(YGCB/RR2) 197.0 * AX1143 192.5 *

DEKALB DKC63-46(RR2/YGCB) 196.5 * ADLER 8215YGCB/RR 192.4 *

CROWS 5131B 196.4 * TRISLER 5337RRCB 191.7 *

CROPLAN GENETICS 731HX/LL 195.2 * CAVERNDALE CF884 190.7 *

BELLE 1533Y 195.0 * BECKS 7916CBRR 190.6 *

PIONEER BRAND 33Y45 194.9 * DYNA-GRO 57P12 190.5 *

DEKALB DKC64-81(YGCB) 194.9 * AGRIGOLD A6622 190.5 *

GARST 8350YG1 194.3 * SO. STATES 777RR2YGPL 190.2 *

PIONEER 33P70(YGCB/RR2) 194.1 * GOLDEN HARVEST L-9H63BT 190.2 *

DEKALB DKC66-23(RR2/YGCB) 193.9 * SEED CONSULTANTS SC11H76 189.7 *

AGRIGOLD A6633BT 193.5 * SEED CONSULTANTS SC11BR45 189.1 *

BECKS 5816CBRR 192.5 *

MEDIUM AVERAGE 185.3

LSD (0.10) 8.1

TOP YIELDS

Questions


CornCorn

Dr. Chad LeeGrain Crops Extension Specialist(859) 257-3203 [email protected]/Ag/GrainCrops/


Chad Lee © 2004

Corn Hybrid Traits

• RR: Roundup Ready: glyphosate resistance• CL: Clearfield: Lightning resistance• LL: Liberty Link: glufosinate resistance• YGCB: YieldGard Corn Borer: corn borer resistance• YGRW: YieldGard Root Worm: root worm resistance• HX: Herculex: corn borer, cutworm, armyworm, earworm

resistance• Bt: corn borer resistance• YG1: YieldGard: corn borer resistance


One Acre

• 1 acre = 43,560 square feet• 1/100th of an acre = 435.6 square feet• 1/1,000th of an acre = 43.56 square feet


17.424 ft (17 ft 5 inches)

2.5 ft

1/1000th acre:in corn rows that are 30-inches (2.5 ft) wide:

Row Width(inche

s)

Length of Row

to Count

No. of

Plants in Row

Mult.Factor

Plants per acre

40 13’ 1” X 1,00038 13’ 9” x 1,00036 14’ 6” x 1,00030 17’ 5” x 1,00020 26’ 2” x 1,00015 34’ 10” x 1,000


Population A Population B

Hybrid AxB Seed

Population A Population B

Farmer Plants Hybrid AxB Seed

Population A

Population A

Population A

Farmer Plants Population A Seed

Open-Pollinated Corn

Hybrid Corn



Hybrid Corn

Lower vigorLower pest toleranceLower stress toleranceLower yieldsLower seed costs

Higher vigorHigher pest toleranceHigher stress toleranceHigher yieldsHigher seed costs



Hybrid Corn

193012,000 plants/AState AverageYield: 30 bu/acre(1,680 lbs/acre = 0.84 tons/acre)

200428,000 plants/AState AverageYield: 140 bu/acre(7,840 lbs/acre = 3.92 tons/acre)


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Questions


Documents

Variety Testing Hybrid Testing Dr. Chad Lee Grain Crops Extension Specialist (859) 257-3203 [email protected] Grain Crops Extension