5/26/2018 Van Dijk - Structure of News Disocurse
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Van Dijk. The Sturcture of News Discourse
News Structure:
1- MACROSTRUCTUR !"#o$a# structures of news re%orts&
1a --' (ra)*atic Macros%eech Act !Van Dijk )i+es on#, a s*a##
efinition&
1$ --' Sche*atic Su%erstructure !S,ntactic&: consists of
Cate)ories an Macroru#es.
1c--' The*atic Macrostructures !Se*antic&: consists of
Macro%ro%ositions.
- M/CROSTRUCTUR !0oca# sturctures of news re%orts&
a --' To%ics 2now#e)e3e#iefs: the, contro# 0oca# Coherence
$ --' 0oca# Coherence: co)niti+e strate)ies an su$jecti+it,
c --' 0oca# Se*antics: inc#ues Sentences !se4uences of
%ro%ositions& an (ro%ositions
!the $asic units of *eanin)&.
News Discourse St,#e has a set of characteristic features:
St,#istic constraints
News s,nta5
0e5ica# st,#e
News rhetoric ' (ersuasi+e content
(ersuasi+e 6eatures:
The content of news nees further or)ani7ation in orer to $e
notice8 unerstoo8 re%resente8
*e*ori7e8 an fina##,8 $e#ie+e an inte)rate. There is an inherent
news +a#ue s,ste* thatuner#ies news %rouction. Attention for the
ne)ati+e8 the sensationa#8 se5 an +io#ence8 satisfies the
rhetoric of e*otions. The sa*e rhetoric as in the re%ortin) of
accients8 catastro%hes8 isasters an
cri*es. These kins af e+ents re%ort har facts8 which ha+e
witnesses an re4uire %recise nu*$ers!9 count of +icti*s&.
Persuasion need not involve a change of opinion or attitude.
Theacceptance of knowledge and belief presupposes some minimal
coherence store in ourshcemata and models.At the sa*e ti*e8 news
iscourse *ust *ake such new %ro%ositions
*e*ora$#e.+er,a, re%orts are *ae *e*ora$#e $, the +arious
re#e+ance structures of the news8 such ashierarchi+a# or)ani7ation8
orerin)8 sche*atic structures8 an corres%onin) #a,out. The for*
as%ect of news rhetoric is )eare to the )oa# of %uttin) s%ecific
content in e+ience with the ai ofthe ifferent re#e+ance %ro*inence
enhancin) features of the news.
News is more persuasive if it represents events that fit our
models without being completelypredictable.
